大连成为全国最大的海参繁育养殖基地

大连市海参养殖业投资不断增加,生产规模不断扩大,预计产值超过5亿元,从而成为我国最大的海参繁育、养殖、生产基地。今年以来,生产商和经销商投资海参养殖的积极性不断提高,全市累计投入4.7亿元用于新建和改造海参人工养殖池,海参养殖面积已达到12万亩,共投入海参育苗室180个,预计海参年产量60000吨。全市形成了育苗、生产、加工、市场开发一条龙的产业体系。大连成为全国最大的海参繁育养殖基地     

海参饲料研究的现状与发展方向

自20世纪80年代以来,随着海参人工育苗与养殖产业的迅速发展,海参用饲料研究越来越受到业内人士的关注。海参用饲料的好坏,直接影响海参育苗与养殖生产的成败。特别在目前,苗种生产与成参养殖迅速发展,海参用饲料需求量不断增加,而原料又十分短缺、饲料市场比较混乱,海参饲料开始成为限制海参苗种与养殖生产业发展的潜在因素。为此,笔者将综合叙述海参用饲料研究的发展过程、现状,并探讨其存在的问题以及今后发展的方向,供广大从事海参研究、教学、生产者参考。1海参用饲料的发展过程1.1国外海参饲料的研究工作始于刺参人工育苗方面的研究,…     

捕捞海参

2012年10月26日,山东青岛海福康自然海域海参养殖基地,捕捞秋季海参正式开始。 据了解。今秋海参生长期比去年略长,质量高于去年同期水平,海参价格比去年略有提高一周后,新淡于海参即可上市。     

壹桥苗业逆市扩张 亿元购2000多亩海域

<正>壹桥苗业再次收购海域扩大养殖面积。公司5月27日晚间公告,拟以自有资金1亿元收购杨守军拥有的位于瓦房店市谢屯镇的2385.95亩围堰海参养殖圈及相应的海域使用权。据公司介绍,本次拟收购的海域使用权主要用于围海养殖、港养海参。本次拟收购的资产已完成围堰造礁工程,尚未进行海参苗的投放,对公司2014年业绩无影响。海参养殖周期约为2年,预计投苗两年后产生效益。根据周边围堰海参养殖情况以及2014年海参市场价格预测,此次收购2385.95     

海参、鲍鱼海上网箱养殖试验

<正>海参、鲍鱼皆为"海八珍"中名贵海产品,具有较高的营养价值。随着生活条件的逐步改善,海参、鲍鱼等滋补品也逐渐被广大消费者接受,成为国内和国际市场畅销的高档海味佳品。目前海参、鲍鱼的养殖方式主要有底播养殖、筏式养殖和网箱养殖等,其中筏式养殖应用较多。近年来,随着近海网箱的发展,利用网箱进行单养海参和鲍鱼也陆续见相关报道,因其养殖环境更接近自然水域,水环境稳定,溶氧充足,不受赤潮、台风等灾害性天气影响,较工厂化养殖成本低得多,     

渔业纵览

<正>大连市成立全国海参行业首家诚信联盟为进一步规范海参行业的生产经营,保护消费者的合法权益,维护大连海参的品牌形象,推进大连海参产业健康持续发展,大连海参商会自发成立了"大连海参商会诚信联盟"。日前,在大连海参商会2013年会上,首批"大连海参商会诚信联盟"的19家创始盟员企业在《大连海参商会诚信联盟公约》上签字,宣告全国首家海     

大连金州新区首创海水浮筏吊笼养殖海参新技术

近年来,金州新区海水池塘和陆地工厂化海珍品养殖发展迅速,特别是池塘海参养殖,养殖面积已达到近5万亩,已成为金州新区增养殖业的重要支柱。但是,随着区域用海规划的不断调整,海参养殖规模逐渐萎缩,严重制约了全区海参产业的发展。     

养殖海参主要疾病及防治技术

<正>随着海参养殖业的发展,在市场价格的调控下规模日益壮大,但是却出现了很多的问题,例如养殖的过速发展、不科学运作,最终造成病害问题愈加严重,成为造成养殖户巨大损失的原因之一,也对该产业的持续稳定发展造成了严重影响。因此,要大力发展海参养殖业,就要着手解决其病害的问题。下面就海参养殖几种常见的疾病及其防治技术作简要的探讨。1刺参的生态习性海参属于海洋生物,因此在高盐度的海水中才能适应良好,一般来说,盐度26‰~34‰的海     

大连市海参养殖资源现状及面临的问题

正近年来,我国海洋资源优势明显,海水养殖产业发展迅速,海参产业整体呈发展趋势,养殖产量逐年递增,海参养殖已成为海水养殖产业的重要组成部分~([1])。1大连市海参养殖产业的发展现状1.1大连市海参养殖产业链概况大连市位于辽宁省中南部、辽东半岛南端,土地肥沃,海洋资源丰富。得益于地理条件优越,农业、畜牧业、水产养殖业特别是海参养殖产业发展兴旺。大连市先后从其他国家引进优良海参品种进行杂交,选育出了更适合本土养殖产业、养殖时间更短、收益更快的海参新品种。     

封冰期海参养殖易发生的病害及防治

中国北方海参养殖区,尤其是大连、营口、锦州等一带的海参养殖每年都面临着一段时间的封冰期。2012年,秋季海参下礁吃食少、体质差,冬季降温早,持续低温和持续海冰期等,给海参带来很大损失。漫长的封冰期,池塘水质和底质难以管理,养殖户对海参生长状况难以把握,易造成严重的经济损失。冬季封冰期,海参处于冬眠状态,海参只进行维持生存必需的生理过程,海参此阶段身体非常虚弱,对池塘溶氧变化反应慢,容易被细菌所侵袭,因此每     

Association between the interannual variation in the oceanic environment and catch rates of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) in the Atlantic Ocean

The environmental processes associated with variability in the catch rates of bigeye tuna in the Atlantic Ocean are largely unexplored. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) fitted to Taiwanese longline fishery data from 1990 to 2009 and investigated the association between environmental variables and catch rates to identify the processes influencing bigeye tuna distribution in the Atlantic Ocean. The present findings reveal that the year (temporal factor), latitude and longitude (spatial factors), and major regular longline target species of albacore catches are significant for the standardization of bigeye tuna catch rates in the Atlantic Ocean. The standardized catch rates and distribution of bigeye tuna were found to be related to environmental and climatic variation. The model selection processes showed that the selected GAMs explained 70% of the cumulative deviance in the entire Atlantic Ocean. Regarding environmental factors, the depth of the 20 degree isotherm (D20) substantially contributed to the explained deviance; other important factors were sea surface temperature (SST) and sea surface height deviation (SSHD). The potential fishing grounds were observed with SSTs of 22–28°C, a D20 shallower than 150 m and negative SSHDs in the Atlantic Ocean. The higher predicted catch rates were increased in the positive northern tropical Atlantic and negative North Atlantic Oscillation events with a higher SST and shallow D20, suggesting that climatic oscillations affect the population abundance and distribution of bigeye tuna.     

Rare serotype occurrence and PFGE genotypic diversity of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from tilapia in China

Previously, we reported 10 PEGE types of 85 tilapia Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS), which shifted from Streptococcus iniae in China, by using PEGE method. Presently, larger and more representative tilapia GBS were isolated, for the ?rst time in China, to characterize their serotypes and genetic diversities more precisely than had done before. 168 GBS strains were distributed in ?ve provinces of China, in which Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan were the major ones, holding36.9%(62/168), 37.5%(63/168) and 19.6%(33/168), respectively. Serotypes, Ia, Ib and III, were observed in these strains and the most predominant one was Ia(95.2%), which mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi and Hainan. Ia initially occurred in 2009, it shoot up to 32.1% in 2010,but decreased to 16.1% in 2011 before went up to 45.2% in 2012. Ib sporadically occurred during2007–2011, III onlyoccurred in 2012. 14 different PFGE types, including 4 new types(N, O,P and Q), were observed, in which B, D, F and G were the predominant types, holding 83.9%(141/168) of the total GBS strains. Ia corresponded to 11 PFGE types(A–H, N–P), in which type D predominated(51%). Ib represented 3 genotypes(I, J and Q) and III harbored only 2genotypes(N and F). Type N and Fsynchronously presented in Ia and III. In summary, the genetic diversity of tilapia GBS varied by serotypes and changed with geographical locations and years.Although Iastillpredominated, new rareserotypeIII alreadyoccurred in China.     

Evaluation of a Fast Method Based on the Presence of Two Restriction Sites in the Mitochondrial ND5 (mt ND5) Gene for the Identification of Scomber Species

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the suitability of a method based on the presence of two restriction sites (for Hae III and Hindf I) in the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (mt ND5) gene to identify Scomber species. The evaluation was performed on 144 reference and market samples by sequencing of the entire 505-bp fragment of the mt ND5 gene and of a 464-bp fragment of the Kocher fragment of the cytochrome b gene (mt Cytb). Sequence analysis of any of the two fragments allows the identification of each of the four Scomber species, but S. japonicus and S. colias had the same restriction sites at the ND5 amplicon and would not have been differentiated by this analysis. Similarly, loss of the Hae III site in some S. scombrus individuals would have misidentified them as not being Scomber. All the market products were correctly labeled except one acquired in Spain labeled as originating in the Atlantic and containing S. japonicus.     

Growth performance,digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass,Lateolabrax japonicus fed with fructooligosaccharide

In this experiment, a feeding trial was performed to determine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity and immune response of Japanese sea bass, Lateolabrax japonicus juveniles (initial weight 38.3 ± 0.5 g), and the fish were examined following feeding with six levels of FOS (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 6 g/kg) for 28 days. Significant enhancement of weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) was found in fish fed 1 g/kg FOS incorporated diets (p < .05), while the feed conversion ratio (FCR) in the 1, 2 g/kg FOS groups reduced significantly compared with the control (p < .05). Besides, the crude lipid in the 4, 6 g/kg FOS groups increased significantly compared with the control (p < .05). On the other hand, the erepsin and lipase activities significantly elevated in intestine of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS (p < .05) and the lysozyme activity in serum of fish fed 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than that in the control (p < .05). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase activities in serum of fish fed 0.5, 1, 2 g/kg FOS were significantly higher than in control (p < .05). Regression analysis showed that the relationships between dietary FOS levels and either SGR, FCR, erepsin or lysozyme activities were best expressed by regression equations, and the optimal inclusion levels are 1.37, 1.80, 3.06, 3.11, 1.93 and 1.80 g/kg for SGR, FCR, erepsin, lipase, lysozyme and total superoxide dismutase activities, respectively. Overall, this study revealed that FOS incorporated diets could beneficial for L. japonicus culture in terms of increasing the growth, digestion and immune activities. Under the present experimental condition, the optimal supplementary level of FOS in the diet of L. japonicus is 1–3 g/kg.     

Growth hormone (GH) and reproduction: a review

Interaction between growth and reproduction occurs in many vertebrates and is particularly obvious at certain stages of the life cycle in fish. Endocrine interactions between the gonadotropic axis and the somatotropic axis are described, the potential role of GH being emphasised. A comparative analysis of these phenomena in mammals, amphibians and fish, suggests a specific role of GH in the physiology of puberty, gametogenesis and fertility. It also shows the original contribution made by studies on the fish model in this field of investigations.     

Purification and partial characterization of GtHs (cfLH and cfFSH) from Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus) (L.) and development of a homologous ELISA for cfLH

Two gonadotropins (GtH; Qa and Qb) were purified by gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography from the pituitaries of Indian walking catfish (Clarias batrachus). The presence of GtH during purification was assessed by in vitro oocyte maturation and in vivo steroidogenic activity, and their identities were determined by elution profiles, molecular weight, biological activities and yield. The molecular weights of Qa and Qb were 37 and 42 kDa, respectively, and composed of distinct subunits (Qa: 20 and 14 kDa and Qb: 26 and 18 kDa). Polyclonal antibodies raised against Qa immunostained Qa, Qb and pituitary GtH cells. A competitive Qa‐ELISA was developed whose sensitivity was 6.25 ng mL^?1 (1.25 ng well^?1) with intra‐ (3.5%) and inter‐ (12.4%) assay coefficients of variation. Displacement curves parallel to the standard were obtained with plasma and pituitary extracts of catfish, Qb and carp GtHII. The assay was validated by measuring the plasma Qa levels after LHRH treatment and in relation to ovarian growth in the female catfish during different reproductive phases. Based on the results, Qa and Qb corresponded to fish LH and FSH respectively. The findings will increase the knowledge of the mechanisms controlling fish reproduction and identification of sensitive phases in fish in captivity for hormonal manipulation.     

The optimal dietary protein level of juvenile silver sillago Sillago sihama at three dietary lipid levels

A 5 × 3 factorial growth trial was conducted to evaluate optimal dietary protein and lipid levels (dietary protein level, DP; dietary lipid level, DL) for juvenile Sillago sihama (S. sihama) (2.0 ± 0.02 g, initial weight). Fish were fed 15 diets containing 5 DPs (350, 400, 450, 500 and 550 g/kg) and 3 DLs (60, 90 and 120 g/kg) for 8 weeks. The interaction between proteins and lipids significantly influenced the feed conversion ratio, condition factor, body composition, antioxidant indices and lipase activity (p < .05). DP 450 g/kg showed the highest average final body weight. DPs 500 and 550 g/kg significantly decreased the protein efficiency ratio (p < .05). DL 120 g/kg showed the highest percentage weight gain. The low feed conversion ratio was found in diets P45L12, P55L9 and P55L12. Diet P45L12 showed high superoxide dismutase activities. DP 450 g/kg showed the lowest average malondialdehyde content. Lipase activity was increased by increasing DP (p < .05) with a fall at DP 550 g/kg. Under the present experimental conditions, the optimal DP for S. sihama was 450 g/kg under the DL 120 g/kg.