HPLC法测定不同时期鲜枣中环磷酸腺苷含量变化的研究

研究不同时期鲜枣中环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)含量的变化,为后期开发枣酒等功能产品提供理论依据。采用高效液相色谱法,对不同品种鲜枣的3个时期(白熟期、半红期、全红期)的功能性物质cAMP含量进行测定。研究表明,板枣、壶瓶枣、木枣3个枣品种中木枣的环磷酸腺苷含量最高;白熟、半红、全红3个时期中白熟期环磷酸腺苷含量最高。可以选择合适的采摘时期提取有效成分,以加工后续功能产品。     

工业大麻提取物中四氢大麻酚定量检测方法研究

为建立工业大麻提取物中四氢大麻酚定量检测方法,采用Welch XB-C18色谱柱(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为0.1%甲酸水溶液-0.1%甲酸乙腈溶液,梯度洗脱;流速为1.0mL/min;检测波长为220nm;柱温为30℃;进样量为10μL,进行了定量检测。结果表明:四氢大麻酚在0.10～9.94μg/mL(r=0.9999)范围内线性关系良好,精密度、稳定性、重复性、加样回收率试验结果均符合要求;方法的检出限为0.05μg/mL,定量限为0.10μg/mL。该方法快速、简便、重复性好,适用于工业大麻提取物中四氢大麻酚的定量检测。     

氢氧化钙对壶瓶枣果实膳食营养元素的影响研究

为防治壶瓶枣病害,提升、改善枣果品质和膳食营养元素,以壶瓶枣为对象,研究不同Ca(OH)_2浓度处理下,壶瓶枣枣果中3种膳食营养元素的变化情况。结果表明,低浓度Ca(OH)_2溶液对壶瓶枣果肉中维生素C和蛋白质含量的提升作用明显,且随着溶液浓度的提升壶瓶枣果肉中维生素C和蛋白质含量呈下降趋势。中等浓度Ca(OH)_2溶液对壶瓶枣果肉中总膳食纤维的提升作用明显,浓度过高或过低效果均不理想。     

太谷壶瓶枣优树选择研究

在太谷县小白乡、明星镇、侯城乡等9个壶瓶枣地理标志产品保护地开展优树选择研究,结果表明,复选出的12株壶瓶枣优树在产地具有典型代表性。在丰产指标上,12株优树的冠幅产量达0.28 kg/m2,平均株产47.63 kg,表现出优良的丰产性状,其中,2号和11号的冠幅产量较高,均在0.5 kg/m2以上;在果实经济性状上,12株优树枣果的平均糖含量为28.11%,平均VC含量为462.86 mg/100 g,平均可食率为97.71%.对入选的12株壶瓶枣优树的10个性状指标进行统计分析,发现优树表现出显著的变异特征,这种变异将为优树的综合评价、优中选优提供丰富的物质基础。     

金银花中异绿原酸A、B、C含量的HPLC测定方法研究

采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)同时测定金银花中异绿原酸A、B、C的含量,并对色谱条件进行优化。结果表明,最佳色谱条件为Eclipse plus C18色谱柱(4.6mm×150mm,5μm),流动相为0.1%磷酸溶液(A)-乙腈(B),梯度洗脱,洗脱条件为0-20min,15%~30%B,20-30min,30%~50%B,流速1.0mL/min,检测波长325nm,柱温30℃,进样量10μL。在最佳的色谱条件下,实现了金银花对照品及样品中异绿原酸3种结构化合物的基线分离,为异绿原酸A、B、C含量的同时测定奠定了基础。该方法优化后缩短了测试时间,为金银花质量的快速检测提供参考依据。     

反相超高效液相色谱法测定水质中富马酸含量

研究了反相超高效液相色谱法测定水质中富马酸含量的色谱条件,在Waters T3(50 mm×3 mm×1.8μm)色谱柱上,以NaH_2PO_4(20 mM/L,pH=2.4)/CH_3OH缓冲液作为流动相,210 nm处紫外检测水质中的富马酸;其流动相流速为0.2 mL/min,柱温30℃,进样量10.0μL,在20.0～1000μg/L范围内具有良好相关线性,r=0.9999,检出限为3.0μg/L,测定下限为12.0μg/L,工业废水实际样品加标回收率为55.5%～68.7%,测试精密度在0.8%～4.4%。该方法简便快捷,以期为相关应急监测提供参考。     

高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测饮料中咖啡因的含量

为对饮料中咖啡因进行测定,采用Athrna C18柱(100A,150mm×4.6mm,5μm),以甲醇和水为流动相,比例30∶70,咖啡因标准曲线浓度10～200μg/mL,回归方程:y=3.25e+004x-2.11e+004,相关系数R2=0.999983,通过高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器进行了全波长扫描检测,结果表明:咖啡因最大吸收波长为272nm,饮料中咖啡因测定无干扰峰,方法简单便捷。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定板栗中多菌灵残留量

建立了反相液相色谱法测定板栗中多菌灵残留量的分析方法:在酸性溶液中,以甲醇作为提取剂,石油醚去除脂类杂质,二氯甲烷进行萃取提纯,色谱柱为Kromasil C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)不锈钢柱,流动相为V(甲醇)/V(0.02 M乙酸铵,pH8)=32/68,柱温38℃,流速1.0 mL/min,紫外检测波长285 nm,以外标法定量,实验证明,检测线性范围0.05～5.00 mg/L,相关系数r=0.999 9,板栗中多菌灵添加回收率94.4%～103.0%,变异系数≤2.3%,最低检出量为1.0x10-9g(S/N=3),检出精度为0.01 mg/kg.     

芜湖产地牡丹皮的质量分析

利用HPLC法测定芜湖产地牡丹皮中丹皮酚的含量。采用HPLC法,色谱柱为Agilent Eclipse C18(4.6mm×150mm,5μm)。流动相为乙腈-0.3%磷酸水溶液,梯度洗脱,检测波长274nm,柱温30℃,流速1.0mL/min。丹皮酚在0.0325～0.52μg范围内线性关系良好(R=0.9996),平均回收率为102.51%,RSD为1.26%。结果表明,芜湖产地牡丹皮中有效成分丹皮酚的含量高于《中国药典》的规定,平均含量为1.91%。     

核桃仁中3种菊酯类农药残留的检测方法

利用ENVI-18-PSA串联固相萃取柱对核桃仁进行预纯化,在高纯氮气(99.99%),流速1.5 m L/min,进样口温度290℃,起始柱温度100℃,以10℃/min的速度升温到300℃的条件下完成气相色谱质谱法(GC-MS)检测氟氰戊菊酯、溴氰菊酯和高氰戊菊酯,并确定其检出限分别为5.9μg/g,3.4μg/g和4.0μg/g.建立了一种检测核桃仁中溴氰菊酯、氟氰戊菊酯和高氰戊菊酯3种菊酯类农药微量残留的方法,本方法的检出限、回收率等技术指标均可以满足核桃仁农药残留分析的需要。     

Gegenwärtige Hauptprobleme der landwirtschaftlichen Schädlingsforschung in Finnland

Zusammenfassung Einige der wichtigsten gegenwärtigen Probleme hinsichtlich der landwirtschaftlichen Schädlinge in Finnland sind folgende:Bei Getreide die Schäden durchCalligypona pellucida am Hafer sowie die Schäden durch die Fritfliege(Oscinella frit) an Saat von Winter- und Sommergetreide, die durch Blasenfüßer(Thysanoptera) u. a. Arten verursachte Weißährigkeit und Schmachtkörnigkeit, deren Bekämpfung noch nicht befriedigend entschieden ist. — Beim RotkleePhytonomus nigrirostris, Apion apricans undA. assimile, Sitona spp. undDitylenchus dipsaci, deren Biologie und Bekämpfung weiterhin fortgesetzt werden, — Bei ÖlpflanzenCeuthorrhynchus assimilis undC. quadridens sowieDasyneura brassicae, deren Bekä mpfung zu ermitteln ist. — Bei Zuckerrübe sowie einigen anderen Kulturpflanzen Bedeutung und Bekä mpfung vonLygus-Arten (besondersL. rugulipennis undL. pratensis). Bekämpfung der Rübenfliege(Pegomyia hyoscyami) bei Zuckerrübenkulturen. — Bei den Wurzelschädlingen von Gemüse und Hackfrüchten Klären von Biologie und Bekämpfung der Kohlfliegen (Hylemyia brassicae undH. floralis), der Fliegenschädlinge von Zwiebeln (Hylemyia antiqua, Eumerus tuberculatus undE. strigatus) und der Möhrenfliege. — Die Wirkung der Spritzungen in Obstgärten auf die wichtigsten Schä dlinge(Metatetranychus pilosus, Doralina pomi, Psylla mali, Carpocapsa pomonella, Argyresthia conjugella) und ihre wirksamsten Feinde.— In Beerengärten bei den ArtenTarsonemus fragariae, Eriophyes ribis undPachynematus pumilio sowie in Obstgärten bei der ArtAnisandrus dispar Intensivierung der Bekä mpfung. — Älchen(Anguillulidae), besondersdas Kleeälchen und Klärung von Lebensbedingungen und Bekämpfung desKartoffelälchens. — Bedeutung und Bekämpfung der Wühlmäuse (besondersMicrotus agrestis, M. arvalis undArvicola terrestris). — Untersuchung der Bedeutung von virusverbreitenden Insektenarten. — Erforschung der Nachteile von Bekämpfungsmitteln für die Pflanzen.     

Aboveground biomass and nitrogen in four short-rotation woody crop species growing with different water and nutrient availabilities

We quantified the effect of water and nutrient availability on aboveground biomass and nitrogen accumulation and partitioning in four species from the southeastern United States, loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), slash pine (Pinus elliottii), sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua), and sycamore (Platanus occidentalis). The 6-year-old stands received five levels of resource input (control, irrigation with 3.05 cm water week⁻¹, irrigation + 57 kg N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹, irrigation + 85 kg N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹, and irrigation + 114 kg N ha⁻¹ year⁻¹). Irrigation significantly increased foliage, stem, and branch biomass for sweetgum and sycamore, culminating in 103% and 238% increases in total aboveground biomass. Fertilization significantly increased aboveground components for all species resulting in 49, 58, 281, and 132% increases in total aboveground biomass for loblolly pine, slash pine, sweetgum, and sycamore, respectively. Standing total aboveground biomass of the fertilized treatments reached 79, 59, 48, and 54 Mg ha⁻¹ for loblolly pine, slash pine, sweetgum, and sycamore, respectively. Fertilization increased foliar nitrogen concentration for loblolly pine, sweetgum, and sycamore foliage. Irrigation increased total stand nitrogen content by 6, 14, 93, and 161% for loblolly pine, slash pine, sweetgum, and sycamore, respectively. Fertilization increased total nitrogen content by 62, 53, 172, and 69% with maximum nitrogen contents of 267, 212, 237, and 203 kg ha⁻¹ for loblolly pine, slash pine, sweetgum, and sycamore, respectively. Growth efficiency (stem growth per unit of leaf biomass) and nitrogen use efficiency (stem growth per unit of foliar nitrogen content) increased for the sycamore and sweetgum, but not the loblolly or slash pine.     

Above- and belowground nutrients storage and biomass accumulation in marginal Nothofagus antarctica forests in Southern Patagonia

The above- and belowground biomass and nutrient content (N, P, K, Ca, S and Mg) of pure deciduous Nothofagus antarctica (Forster f.) Oersted stands grown in a marginal site and aged from 8 to 180 years were measured in Southern Patagonia. The total biomass accumulated ranged from 60.8 to 70.8 Mg ha⁻¹ for regeneration and final growth stand, respectively. The proportions of belowground components were 51.6, 47.2, 43.9 and 46.7% for regeneration, initial growth, final growth and mature stand, respectively. Also, crown classes affected the biomass accumulation where dominant trees had 38.4 Mg ha⁻¹ and suppressed trees 2.6 Mg ha⁻¹ to the stand biomass in mature stand. Nutrient concentrations varied according to tree component, crown class and stand age. Total nutrient concentration graded in the fallowing order: leaves > bark > middle roots > small branches > fine roots > sapwood > coarse roots > heartwood. While N and K concentrations increased with age in leaves and fine roots, concentration of Ca increased with stand age in all components. Dominant trees had higher N, K and Ca concentrations in leaves, and higher P, K and S concentrations in roots, compared with suppressed trees. Although the stands had similar biomass at different ages, there were important differences in nutrient accumulation per hectare from 979.8 kg ha⁻¹ at the initial growth phase to 665.5 kg ha⁻¹ at mature stands. Nutrient storage for mature and final growth stands was in the order Ca > N > K > P > Mg > S, and for regeneration stand was Ca > N > K > Mg > P > S. Belowground biomass represented an important budget of all nutrients. At early ages, N, K, S, Ca and Mg were about 50% in the belowground components. However, P was 60% in belowground biomass and then increased to 70% in mature stands. These data can assist to quantify the impact of different silviculture practices which should aim to leave material (mainly leaves, small branches and bark) on the site to ameliorate nutrient removal and to avoid a decline of long-term yields.     

Mitteilung über Schadmilben im Vorderen Orient

Zusammenfassung Die wichtigsten Milben von wirtschaftlicher Bedeutung im Libanon, Jordanien und der südlichen Türkei werden aufgeführt. Es handelt sich auf Äpfeln um:Tetranychus urticae, Metatetranychus ulmi, Tetranychus cinnabarinus, Bryobia rubrioculus; aufCitrus sp. um:Phyllocoptruta oleivora, Aceria sheldoni ,Eutetranychus orientalis, Brevipalpus obovatus, T. cinnabarinus: auf Gemüsearten um:Tetranychus urticae, T. cinnabarinus; auf Wein um:Eriophyes vitis; auf Granatäpfeln um:Eriophyes granati.Die Orte und Daten der Befunde werden angegeben.

---

Summary The mites of economic importance in the Lebanons, Jordan and South-Turkey are listed with the dates and places in which they were found. On apples were found:Tetranychus urticae, Metatetranychus ulmi, Tetranychus cinnabarinus, Bryobia rubrioculus; onCitrus sp.: Phyllocoptruta oleivora, Aceria sheldoni, Eutetranychus orientalis, Brevipalpus obovatus, T. cinnabarinus; on vegetables:T. cinnabarinus, Tetranychus urticae; on vines:Eriophyes vitis; on pomegranates:Eriophyes granati.

---

Résumé Les acariens d'une importance èconomique au Liban, en Jordanie et au sud de la Turquie sont donné avec les dates et les endroits où ils ont ètè trouvés. Sur pommiers on a trouvé:Tetranychus urticae, Metatetranychus ulmi, Tetranychus cinnabarinus, Bryobia rubrioculus; sur agrumes:Phyllocoptruta oleivora, Aceria sheldoni, Eutetranychus orientalis, Brevipalpus obovatus, T. cinnabarinus; sur légumes;Tetranychus urticae, T. cinnabarinus; sur les vignes:Eriophyes vitis; sur les grenades:Eriophyes granati.

     

The pharmacokinetical study of plant alkaloid tetrandrine with a simple HPLC method in rabbits

A simple HPLC method was developed to quantify rabbit plasma tetrandrine (Tet) with propranolol (Pro) as internal standard. Based on the established method Tet and Pro were eluted at 7.1 and 12.0 min, respectively. It was shown that the concentration-time data of Tet fit the classical two-compartment model, no matter the drug was administered intravenously or orally to rabbits. The values of AUC_0 → ∞, clearance (Cl_0 → ∞), volume of distribution (Vd), and elimination half-life (t_1/2β) of Tet were 59861.149 ± 26962.196 μg/L ? min, 0.503 ± 0.173 L/min/kg, 179 ± 76.185 L/kg, and 283.808 ± 162.937 min for intravenous injection of 5 mg/kg, or 18986.217 ± 7462.308 μg/L ? min, 0.805 ± 0.267 L/min/kg, 110.284 ± 94.176 L/kg, and 732.919 ± 847.32 min for gavage administration of 10 mg/kg , respectively. The results indicate that Tet displays a limited absorption in intestinal tract, even though it has a favorable pharmacokinetic profile after oral or intravenous administration.     

Zur Biologie and Parasitierung der BlattwespeHemichroa crocea (Geoffr.)(Hymenopt., Nematinae), eines Schädlings der Grünerle in den Alpen

Zusammenfassung In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird die Verbreitung vonHemichroa crocea und ihr Auftreten an der Grünerle geschildert. In den Alpen pflegt diese Blattwespe in der Urgesteinzone anAlnus viridis zu leben; gelegentlich wurdenBetula verrucosa undAlnus incana angenommen. Die Angaben vonBaer undHopping (1937) konnten bestätigt werden. Weiters wurde beobachtet, daß in den Alpen typische Birkeninsekten auf die Grü nerle überzugehen pflegen. An Parasiten wurden die IchneumonidenCteniscus romani, Eduiaborus pedatorius, Mesoleius astutus, M. aulicus Hypamblys albopictus und an TachinenHyalurgus lucidus undMyxexoristops stolida gezogen.

---

Summary The distribution ofHemichroa crosea in the Alps is described. There, the sawfly is to be found mainly in the Central-alpine chain on bushes ofAlnus viridis. The observations ofBaer andHopping (1937) have been confirmed. Further, it has been observed that in the Alps typical birch-insects are frequently changing over toAlnus viridis as host. The following parasites have been reared:Cteniscus romani, Eudiaborus pedatorius, Mesoleius astutus, M. aulicus and the two tachinidsHyalurgus lucidus andMyxexoristops stolida.

---

Résumé L'auteur décrit la distribution géographique de l'Hemichora crocea dans les Alpes. On y trouve cette tenthrède principalement dans la chaîne centrale sur les buissons deAlnus viridis, ce qui confirme les observations deBaer et deHopping (1937). De plus, l'auteur a observé que les insectes qui vivent sur le bouleau passent fréquemment surAlnus viridis. Il a elevé à partier de l'Hemichroa crocea les parasites suivants:Cteniscus romani, Eudiaborus pedatorius, Mesoleius astutus, M. aulicus et les deux tachinairesHyalurgus lucidus etMyxexoristops stolida.

     

Tangential and radial shrinkage variation within trees in sugi (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Cryptomeria japonica</Emphasis>) cultivars

The transverse shrinkage variation within trees was examined for five sugi cultivars. The within-tree trends of tangential shrinkage (α _T) were different by cultivar, whereas radial shrinkage (α _R) increased from pith to bark in most cultivars. The tangential/radial shrinkage ratio (α _T/α _R) decreased from pith to bark in most cultivars, because the radial variation of α _R was larger than that of α _T. The cultivars showed significant differences among cultivars in α _T, α _R, and α _T/α _R, but the difference among cultivars for α _T/α _R was smaller. The relationships between transverse shrinkage and microfi bril angle (MFA), basic density (BD), tree ring parameters, and modulus of elasticity were examined. The α _T and α _R showed positive relationships with BD, latewood percentage, latewood density, and modulus of elasticity, and negative relationships with MFA and ring width. The relationships with earlywood density were weak. Sugi exhibited variation in transverse shrinkage within stem and among cultivars, with the variation affected by MFA, density, and tree ring parameters. Part of this article was presented at the 56th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Akita, Japan, August 2006, and the 57th Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Hiroshima, Japan, August 2007     

Influences of forest tending works on carbon distribution and cycling in a Pinus densiflora S. et Z. stand in Korea

This study was conducted to determine carbon (C) dynamics following forest tending works (FTW) which are one of the most important forest management activities conducted by Korean forest police and managers. We measured organic C storage (above- and below-ground biomass C, forest floor C, and soil C at 50 cm depth), soil environmental factors (soil CO₂ efflux, soil temperature, soil water content, soil pH, and soil organic C concentration), and organic C input and output (litterfall and litter decomposition rates) for one year in FTW and non-FTW (control) stands of approximately 40-year-old red pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) forests in the Hwangmaesan Soopkakkugi model forest in Sancheonggun, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea. This forest was thinned in 2005 as a representative FTW practice. The total C stored in tree biomass was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in the FTW stand (40.17 Mg C ha⁻¹) than in the control stand (64.52 Mg C ha⁻¹). However, C storage of forest floor and soil layers measured at four different depths was not changed by FTW, except for that at the surface soil depth (0–10 cm). The organic C input due to litterfall and output due to needle litter decomposition were both significantly lower in the FTW stand than in the control stand (2.02 Mg C ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ vs. 2.80 Mg C ha⁻¹ year⁻¹ and 308 g C kg⁻¹ year⁻¹ vs. 364 g C kg⁻¹ year⁻¹, respectively, both P < 0.05). Soil environmental factors were significantly affected (P < 0.05) by FTW, except for soil CO₂ efflux rates and organic C concentration at soil depth of 0–20 cm. The mean annual soil CO₂ efflux rates were the same in the FTW (0.24 g CO₂ m⁻² h⁻¹) and control (0.24 g CO₂ m⁻² h⁻¹) stands despite monthly variations of soil CO₂ efflux over the one-year study period. The mean soil organic C concentration at a soil depth of 0–20 cm was lower in the FTW stand (81.3 g kg⁻¹) than in the control stand (86.4 g kg⁻¹) but the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). In contrast, the mean soil temperature was significantly higher, the mean soil water content was significantly lower, and the soil pH was significantly higher in the FTW stand than in the control stand (10.34 °C vs. 8.98 °C, 48.2% vs. 56.4%, and pH 4.83 vs. pH 4.60, respectively, all P < 0.05). These results indicated that FTW can influence tree biomass C dynamics, organic C input and output, and soil environmental factors such as soil temperature, soil water content and soil pH, while soil C dynamics such as soil CO₂ efflux rates and soil organic C concentration were little affected by FTW in a red pine stand.     

Effects of seed water content and storage temperature on the germination parameters of white spruce, black spruce and lodgepole pine seed

The effect of seed water content (WC) (2–3, 5–6 and 22–25%, on a fresh weight basis), storage temperature (+4, −20, −80 and −196°C) and storage duration (6, 12, 24, 48 and 60 months) on the germination of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss), black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) seed was investigated. Germination of white spruce control (untreated) seeds and seeds adjusted to 2–3% and 5–6% WC declined after 48 months of storage at −80 and −196°C, with a further decline at 60 months at −20, −80, −196°C. Germination remained high when control white spruce seeds and seeds with 2–3, 5–6% WC were stored at +4°C, over all storage durations. Generally, black spruce and lodgepole pine exhibited high germination at all storage temperatures at 2–3% and 5–6% WC as well as the control (untreated) seed, for up to 60 months in storage. Germination declined for all three species when seed was conditioned to 22–25% WC. This loss in germination was partially recovered in white spruce seed stored at +4, −20 and −80°C after storage durations of 24, 12 and 48 months, respectively, and in black spruce seeds stored at −20 and −196°C after storage durations of 24 months. Mean germination time (MGT) was relatively constant for all species, under all conditions, except for seed conditioned to 22–25% WC, where MGT increased for white spruce seed stored 48 months at −80 and −196°C, and for black spruce seed stored 24 months at +4 and −80°C and 60 months at −196°C. These results show that the optimal storage temperatures are 4°C for white spruce, and 4, −20, −80, and −196°C for black spruce and lodgepole pine, and 2–6% water content is optimal for all 3 species at these temperatures.     

Zur Bekämpfung des Reiszünslers,Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) (Lep., Pyralidae) unter Ausnutzung der Kälteempfindlichkeit der Eier und Larven

Zusammenfassung Experimente mit Eiern und Larven verschiedenen Alters des MehlzünslersCorcyra cephalonica (Staint.), welche unterschiedlich langen Temperaturen von 5, 0 und –10°C ausgesetzt wurden, ergaben, daß Eier bei Kurzzeitbehandlung (10h) mit –10°C oder bei Langzeitbehandlung (10 Tage mit 0°C, 15 Tage mit 5°C) zu 100% abstarben. Die Kältebehandlung von Erstlarven führte bei 2 h mit –10°C oder 5 Tagen mit 5°C zum völligen Absterben. Wurde mit verschiedenen Entwicklungsstadien (außer Puppen) vonC. cephalonica befallenes Weizenmehl 5 Tage lang 0°C oder 15 Tage lang 5°C ausgesetzt, starben alle Stadien ab, so daß keine Falter schlüpften. Somit ist unter diesen Bedingungen eine wirksame Bekämpfung des Schädlings in befallenem Mehl möglich, solange noch keine Puppen ausgebildet sind.

---

Use of cold susceptibility of eggs and larvae of the rice mothCorcyra cephalonica (Stainton) (Lep., Pyralidae) for their control

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of storing wheat flour for various length of time at –10°, 0°, and 5°C, on the mortality of the egg and larval stages ofCorcyra cephalonica (Stainton). Treating eggs with –10°C for 10 h, 0°C for 10 and more days, or 5°C for 15 days, stopped all embryonic development, and hence 100% mortality of eggs was obtained. Also, 100% mortality was observed when first-instar larvae were treated with –10°C for 2 h and more; or 0°C or 5°C for 5, 10, or 15 days.Storing wheat flour infested with different stages at 0°C for 5 days and more, or at 5°C for 15 days prevented the development of immature stages and thus no adults emerged. It can be concluded that storing small quantities of flour at 5°C for 15 days, or at 0°C for 10 or 15 days would be effective in controllingC. cephalonica, if no pupae are present at the time of treatment.

---

---

Mit 2 Tabellen