北京地区沙地银杏造林土壤施肥效果研究

以北京市大兴区沙地银杏树木为研究对象,测定不同施肥处理间银杏生长量、叶片养分含量以及土壤养分含量差异,探讨适合北京地区沙地银杏生长的施肥技术。结果表明:施肥可以显著改善土壤中水解性氮、有效磷、速效钾含量,提高叶片中叶绿素、全氮、全磷、全钾含量,促进银杏胸径、树高、冠幅生长;按春、夏两季施肥,每株次施用0.5 kg复合肥对银杏生长的促进效果最为显著,可以作为北京地区沙地银杏培育的施肥依据;2年试验周期内,复合肥的施用效果明显优于有机肥。土壤中养分含量与银杏叶片中养分含量、银杏生长量间均呈显著正相关,揭示施肥通过改良土壤、增加叶片中养分含量,进而促进银杏健康生长。     

掺土和施肥对铁尾矿基质理化性质及油松、樟子松幼苗生长的影响

【目的】砂寻求最合理的铁尾矿基质改良措施,为铁尾矿土壤改良与植被恢复提供理论依据。【方法】通过铁尾矿砂与无机肥、有机肥和土壤的不同配比处理的盆栽试验,研究不同改良方法对尾矿基质理化性质及油松和樟子松幼苗生长的影响。【结果】随无机肥施肥比例增加,铁尾矿土壤密度、田间持水量、毛管持水量、饱和持水量和总孔隙度与100%尾矿砂处理均无明显差异;随着有机肥施用量增加,田间持水量、毛管持水量、饱和持水量及总孔隙度均明显增大,土壤密度呈下降趋势,其中10%猪粪施肥配比与100%尾矿砂处理差异显著(P ＜0.05);随着掺土量增加,铁尾矿土壤密度逐渐降低,而田间持水量、毛管持水量、饱和持水量逐渐升高,掺土比例达到75%时,除了田间持水量,其他指标均与100%尾矿砂处理差异达到显著水平(P ＜0.05),电导率和土壤阳离子交换量、全氮全磷全钾养分含量、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量均随施肥与掺土比例的增加而显著增大;10%猪粪施肥配比处理的全氮、全磷含量最大,分别是100%尾矿砂处理的6.38和3.33倍,碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量分别是100%尾矿砂处理的5.78,12.5和4.32倍;随掺土比例增大,尾矿中全磷含量减小,而掺土后全钾含量显著增高;掺土比例达到25%时,速效养分含量开始明显提升,客土处理达到最大值(78.41,44.43和58.67 mg·kg －1);施5%比例的有机肥和添加无机肥 NH4NO31.76 g、KH2 PO40.88 g的混合处理的速效养分含量与单纯施5%比例猪粪的单因子处理差异不明显;掺土比例25%和添加无机肥 NH4NO31.76g、KH2PO40.88 g混合处理的速效养分含量也和掺土比例25%的单因子处理无显著差异;掺土和施加无机肥会促进油松和樟子松幼苗的生长,施有机肥则会抑制它们的生长,相同处理情况下,油松较樟子松出苗率高、生长情况好。【结论】有机肥对铁尾矿基质的理化性质、全效养分含量和速效养分含量都有显著的改善作用,掺土处理对提高碱解氮、速效钾含量作用明显,但有机肥与无机肥、掺土与无机肥的混合配比对提升速效养分的效果不明显。不同处理对油松和樟子松的生长也会有不同程度的影响,表现为掺土和施加无机肥促进2树种生长,施加有机肥抑制2树种生长;在相同的处理情况下,油松比樟子松的生长要好,更适合作为铁尾矿废弃地修复树种。     

一种胶园优质覆盖作物——绊牛豆

据试验观察,绊牛豆具有植株养分丰富、含量高,抗病虫,耐瘠,种植简便和产鲜青量高等优点,在橡胶林内种植具有改良土壤、培肥地力、防止水土流失、改善生态环境、节约生产成本、促进胶树生长等功能,是橡胶林内优质的覆盖作物。     

不同水土保持措施对油茶幼林土壤侵蚀的影响

以宁化紫色土侵蚀区油茶林为研究对象,比较分析油茶幼林不同水土保持措施对土壤侵蚀的影响。结果表明:水保措施的施用限制了油茶幼林的生长;水保措施的施用明显提高了地表植被覆盖度;水保措施的施用明显减少了径流量和泥沙量,其中C2模式(鱼鳞坑种植油茶+种植圆叶决明)的效果更为明显;水保措施的施用对土壤养分的影响存在差异,其中C1模式(草带+鱼鳞坑种植油茶+种植圆叶决明)促进养分的累积,而C2模式则降低土壤养分含量。总的来说,C1模式是一个值得在紫色土强度侵蚀区推广的水土保持措施。     

不同施肥量对风沙土区枸杞生长的影响

为了确定种植在风沙土区土壤中枸杞植株的合理施肥量,在施用常规有机肥的基础上,采用田间试验方法研究了不同化肥施用量对土壤养分状况和枸杞产量与品质的影响,对施肥效应进行了综合比较。结果显示,对沙土地施用高量化肥能有效提高土壤的养分含量,特别是速效养分的累积加快。随着化肥施用量的不断增加,各层级土壤中有机质变化未呈现出线性增加的趋势,但土壤中速效养分呈现出显著累积与提高的趋势。同时土壤中全盐含量也呈现出类似变化趋势,特别是在最高施肥量(T5)条件下,各层次土壤盐分均呈现出显著累积现象。随着化肥施用量的增加,土壤的pH值出现一定程度的下降。追施化肥对当年枸杞产量及果实特性具有显著影响。其中当单株施肥量达到750 g时,枸杞果粒的横纵径、果粒质量均达到最大值;单株施肥量为450 g时产量最高,达380.88 g。因此,在宁夏的风沙土区种植枸杞,在施用有机肥作为基肥的基础上追施化肥能有效改善土壤的速效养分状况,从而对当季枸杞生产与枸杞果实品质提升有重要影响。就对风沙土区3年生枸杞单株的追肥量而言,以施用450~600 g复合肥对土壤养分、枸杞产量与品质的综合效果最好。     

尾叶桉林地生物改良试验研究

本文通过尾叶桉林地生物改良试验,定期调查分析土壤理化性质和养分归还情况,定点观测林间气温、土温和土壤水分变化及林木生长情况。结果表明:间种有改善土壤物理性状,提高土壤 PH 值和土壤养分含量的趋势;间种显著增加林地枯落物的保存量和养分归还量。间种绢毛相思有稳定土温降低土壤含水率的趋势。第一年对尾叶按的生长有明显的促进作用,第二第三年则抑制尾叶桉生长;间种菠萝对尾叶桉的生长有明显的促进作用;间种糖蜜草,前三年对尾叶按生长有较大的不良影响。几种间种品种中,以菠萝最好。     

持续N沉降对低P下2年生马尾松苗木菌根共生影响

【目的】研究低P胁迫下N沉降持续增加对马尾松菌根化苗木生长和土壤养分的影响,为有效调控以充分发挥菌根潜力提高苗木对土壤P表的吸收、利用效率提供理论依据。【方法】以马尾松优良家系为试材,设置持续2个生长季的N沉降与同质低P(介质表层与底层均缺P)、异质低P(介质表层P丰富、底层缺P)耦合条件下菌根共生的盆栽试验,量化分析不同低P胁迫下持续N沉降对马尾松菌根化苗木生物量积累、根系发育、N和P效率以及菌根土养分等的影响。【结果】1)同质低P下,土壤中N素累积、P素相对严重匮缺,从而显著抑制马尾松苗木的菌根侵染,降低菌根化苗木的生物量积累;异质低P下,土壤原有的N/P改变,从而促进菌根真菌对马尾松苗木的侵染及植株对N和P素的吸收,最终促进苗木生物量的增加。2)同质低P下,植株的N/P显著增加,导致苗木生长受P素的限制,而对N素的增加不敏感,从而抑制菌根化苗木的生长;异质低P下,持续的N输入增加菌根作用的有效性,促进苗木对土壤P素和N素的吸收,植株N/P降低,从而改善苗木的生长状况。3)同质低P下,菌根土养分状况改善,土壤N和P含量均增加,p H值未显著改变,这可能因为菌根对土壤作用的有效性增加;异质低P下,接种菌根菌对土壤养分的抑制程度降低,土壤p H值显著降低。【结论】2种P素环境下,菌根作用的有效性对持续增加的N沉降的响应不同:同质低P下,菌根土养分状况得以改善,但随着土壤有效N的不断累积,导致土壤P素相对严重匮缺,植株N/P显著增加,使苗木生长受P素的限制程度增加,最终抑制苗木的生长;异质低P下,持续N沉降降低菌根菌对土壤养分的抑制程度,改变土壤原有的N/P,增加菌根作用的有效性,最终显著增加苗木的生物量。     

不同剂型腐植酸复合肥在葡萄上的应用效果研究

针对肥料施用不合理、葡萄品质下降等问题,通过设置9个不同腐植酸梯度与NPK(15-5-25)复合肥处理,利用田间试验探究腐植酸复合肥在葡萄上的应用效果。结果表明:施用腐植酸复合肥促进了葡萄叶片生长与叶绿素的累积,各腐植酸处理在膨果期与着色期的叶绿素增长率较对照分别上升了12.1～24.5个百分点和2.2～15.3个百分点;6%～8%添加量腐植酸处理的叶面积较对照分别增加了16.3%、11.5%、12.5%;高量的腐植酸添加(7%、8%)显著提高了果实Vc含量,较对照分别提高30.4%、26.0%,但对可溶性固形物含量和可滴定酸的影响存在一定差异;与对照相比,腐植酸处理增产范围在0～16.7%间,施用一季腐植酸复合肥对葡萄产量的影响不显著,但穗重有增加趋势,增加范围在7.7%～23.1%间;收获后土壤有机质含量有所增加,增加范围为18.1%～66.7%,速效养分未见明显改善。总体来说,腐植酸对促进葡萄生长发育、改善品质具有积极作用,建议在葡萄种植中使用7%添加量的腐植酸复合肥。     

毛红椿不同家系磷素利用特性的研究

利用8个对土壤磷素敏感程度各异的毛红椿家系,设置4个磷素水平的土培盆栽试验,研究其不同磷素水平下的磷素利用特性.结果表明:毛红椿对于磷素环境极为敏感,参试的8个家系在少量施磷肥后其干物质积累量比天然红壤基质环境下增长3～19倍.毛红椿不同家系干物质积累量在不同磷素水平下差异巨大,在低磷胁迫下生长最好的家系其干物质积累量是生长最差家系的7倍左右,在高磷水平下生长最好的家系是最差家系的2.6倍左右.磷素吸收量是造成毛红椿家系在不同磷素环境下生长差异的主要原因.相关分析表明:毛红椿家系干物质积累量与苗高和地径、根长、根体积、根表面积、须根数等参数呈显著正相关.初步确定根长、根表面积、根体积、须根数作为耐低磷型优良家系的特异性指标.     

4种改良剂在锰矿渣木本植物修复中的比较

【目的】锰矿在我国经济发展中占有重要地位,在带来经济效益的同时,伴随产生的锰矿渣给环境和人类健康带来危害。为改善锰矿渣中重金属含量高、毒性强且土壤理化性质差,造成植物修复比较困难的环境问题,研究改良剂和木本植物对锰矿渣的修复效果,以期筛选出能改善锰矿渣土壤理化性质、促进木本植物修复的改良剂。【方法】采用不同施加比例的有机物(泥炭土、蘑菇渣)和无机物(蛭石、凹凸棒)作为矿渣改良剂,进行木本植物白花泡桐Paulownia fortunei和夹竹桃Nerium indicum室外盆栽实验。通过比较矿渣pH值、有机质含量、重金属酸可提取态含量和植物生物量增量、根系结构、重金属含量与累积量的变化,探讨其对锰矿渣的修复效果。【结果】1)改良剂均可有效提高矿渣中有机质含量,促进木本植物的生长;2)改良剂中泥炭土、凹凸棒和蛭石可分别显著降低矿渣中Zn、Cu、Pb的酸可提取态含量,凹凸棒显著降低矿渣中Mn酸可提取态含量;3)改良剂中蘑菇渣可有效促进2种木本植物的生长,其中泡桐的生物量增量和根系形态指标均高于夹竹桃;4)蘑菇渣处理下2种木本植物锰累积量大,30%蘑菇渣处理下夹竹桃和泡桐的锰累积量分别是未改良组的7.8倍和11.61倍。【结论】4种改良剂中蘑菇渣可以作为锰矿渣改良剂,改善矿渣性质,促进植物的生长,尽快恢复植被,同时还可以通过植物生物量的增加而加大对矿渣中锰的累积量。     

油茶土壤养分和果实主要经济性状对沼液用量的响应

为给沼液在油茶上的应用提供合理与科学的指导,以6年生油茶林为研究对象,采用随机区组试验设计,设置了5个施不同沼液量的试验组(B_0:0 kg/株,对照组;B_1:10 kg/株;B_2:20 kg/株;B_3:30 kg/株;B_4:40 kg/株),连续2 a观测其对油茶土壤主要养分含量变化情况及对油茶果实产量、含油率的影响。结果表明:施用沼液能够显著增加土壤中有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾的含量,对土壤肥力改良作用明显。在施沼液2 a后,土壤中碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾的含量均随着沼液用量的增加而逐渐增加,土壤有机质的含量则趋于平稳。5组处理中,以B_4(40 kg/株)处理对土壤养分含量的改善效果最好。在油茶果实方面,施用沼液能有效提高油茶单株鲜果产量,改善油茶果实经济性状。不同沼液用量处理油茶鲜籽含水率、鲜出籽率、种仁含油率、鲜果含油率差异显著。与对照组B_0处理相比,B_3(30 kg/株)处理油茶鲜出籽率提高了56.7%,干出籽率提高了34.72%;B_4处理主要提高了油茶果实含油率,与对照相比,其种仁含油率提高了21.20%,鲜果含油率提高了58.93%。土壤速效养分含量与油茶果实含油率呈显著正相关,其中以土壤速效磷含量与果实含油率相关性最好。因此,施用沼液能够改善土壤速效养分含量,显著提高油茶果实含油率。     

Growth and yield of two grain crops on sites former covered with eucalypt plantations in Koga Watershed,northwestern Ethiopia

Farmers in the highlands of Ethiopia often plant Eucalyptus on their farmlands. However, growing Eucalyptus, especially on farm- lands suitable for crop production has become a great concern due to its alleged long-term site effects. Our study was conducted at Koga water- shed, Mecha District, northwestern Ethiopia to investigate whether crop- lands afforested with Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. can be restored for annual crop production after tree harvest. We compared growth and yield of two agricultural crops, barley （Hordeum vulgate L.） and finger millet （Eleusine coracana （L.） Gaertn.）, grown in clear-felled stands of E. camaldulensis and continuously cultivated croplands at twelve paired farmlands under a conventional farming system. Plant height and dry matter production were evaluated as indices of crop growth, while grain weight was evaluated as an index of crop yield. Crop growth and yield measurements averaged over all farmlands differed between land-use types. For both crops, plants grown on clear-felled stands were taller than on croplands. Dry matter production and yield were also significantly greater in crops cultivated on clear-felled stands. Cropland aboveground and belowground dry matter productions were lower by 31.8 and 25.4% for barley and 32.8% and 37% for finger millet, respectively. Clear-felled stands gave an average yield of 2.91 t.ha-1 for barley and 3.27 t.ha-1 for finger millet while cropland gave a yield of 1.97 and 2.31 t.ha-1 for barley and finger millet, respectively. Farmers also responded that farm plots on former eucalypt plantations showed greater crop growth and yield thandid continuously cultivated croplands. Farmers perceived that Eucalyptus plantations improved soil fertility and they preferred clear-felled stands for crop production and wished to plant Eucalyptus on their farmlands. Our results suggest that conversion of agricultural lands to Eucalyptus plantations can increase post-felling yields of cereal crops.     

Water harvesting in a ‘runoff-catchment’ agroforestry system in the dry lands of Ethiopia

A major production constraint in arid and semiarid areas of Ethiopia is a lack of water for crop growth. Run off water can be harvested by channeling it into micro- catchments (MC) where it slowly infiltrates into the soil. The increased moisture provides more plant growth in these dry lands. An experiment using MC was conducted in eastern Ethiopia to study the growth of four multipurpose tree species intercropped with grass. Trees and grass were grown in 25 m² and 100 m² MC. Plant height, root collar diameter, and mortality rate of trees were determined 12 months after planting. Dry matter yield of grasses and trees were measured and nutrient analysis of plant tissues was determined. In a separate experiment the biomass of trees was determined after 2.5 years of continuous growth without grass competition. Soil moisture, organic matter, texture and bulk density of the soils were also determined. Mean tree height was 10% greater in the 100 m² than in the 25 m² MC. Root collar diameter and survival rate showed similar increase with 13% and 7.8% respectively. Acacia saligna and Leucaena leucocephala showed better growth in both plot sizes than the indigenous Acacia seyal and Acacia tortilis. The dry matter yield of grass (Panicum maximum) was over 12 tons/ha and 8 tons/ha in the 100 m2 and 25 m2 plots respectively. Soil moisture content was greater in MC than in control plots with no water harvesting structures with 31% and 24% during the wet and dry seasons respectively. The use of water harvesting can improve fodder production and carrying capacity of the dry lands of Ethiopia.     

不同单株负载量对赤霞珠葡萄生长及果实品质的影响

为了探索不同的单株负载量对酿酒葡萄生长及果实品质的影响,以赤霞珠酿酒葡萄为试材,设置了宁夏贺兰山东麓地区砾质沙土和灌淤土上赤霞珠不同单株负载量试验,测定了不同负载量水平下葡萄果实的单果质量、可溶性总糖含量、可滴定酸含量以及叶片的营养元素和百叶鲜干质量。结果表明:砾质沙土和灌淤土上赤霞珠叶片的百叶鲜干比均是先减小后增大;2种土壤上赤霞珠葡萄叶片和叶柄中氮、磷、钾含量均是随着单株负载量的增加而减少,砾质沙土叶柄钾含量的变异幅度较大,单株负载5串的处理比单株负载25串的处理叶柄钾含量高出87.31%;砾质沙土上6年生赤霞珠单株负载15串时可溶性总糖含量达到了23.33%,单果质量最小(1.36 g),单穗质量最大(228.3 g);灌淤土上6年生赤霞珠则是单株负载10串时单果质量最小(1.35 g),可溶性总糖含量适中(17.94%),糖酸比24.24。合理的负载水平对酿酒葡萄果实品质影响较为显著,砾质沙土6年生赤霞珠合理的负载量为单株15串,灌淤土6年生赤霞珠合理的负载量为单株10串。     

Modified exponential nitrogen loading to promote morphological quality and nutrient storage of bareroot-cultured Quercus rubra and Quercus alba seedlings

Abstract

Exponential nutrient loading has been used to improve nursery fertilizer uptake efficiency of conifer seedlings, but the technique has received little attention in the culture of temperate deciduous hardwoods. This study examined responses of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) and white oak (Q. alba L.) seedlings to modified exponential nitrogen loading during bareroot nursery culture using a broad range of nutrient supply from 0 to 3.35 g nitrogen (N) per plant per season for 18 weeks in Indiana, USA. Seedling growth and nutritional parameters followed a curvilinear pattern that ranged from deficiency to toxicity with increased fertilization consistent with trends depicted in the proposed model for nutrient loading. Fertilization increased plant dry mass by 113–260% for red oak and 49–144% for white oak. Severe nutrient deficiency occurred under indigenous soil fertility, and limited phosphorus and potassium uptake were found to inhibit seedling growth at higher N supply. The sufficiency and optimum rates were determined to be 0.84 and 1.68 g N per seedling per season, respectively, under the current cultural conditions. Fertilization at 1.68 g N per plant increased N content by 40% in red oak and 35% in white oak. This approach may be used to help refine nursery fertilization practices in hardwood culture to produce high-quality seedlings for field planting.     

Effects of super-absorbent polymer on dry matter accumulation and nutrient uptake of Pinus pinaster container seedlings

Super-absorbent polymer (SAP) is a widely studied cross-linked hydrophilic polymer used as water absorbent material. However, little information is available concerning the effects of SAPs on the growth and nutrient accumulation in forest container seedlings. The present study was conducted to quantify the effects of SAP applied with or without fertilizer on the dry matter and nutrient uptake of Pinus pinaster container seedlings. SAP addition with fertilizer increased dry matter along with increased seedling emergence time. However, no effect was found without fertilizer. Compared with fertilizer only, rapid accumulation time of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) was 7 days longer resulting from SAP addition. The maximum daily N and K accumulations in the fertilized seedlings increased by 9.31 and 10.44 %, respectively, whereas those of the unfertilized seedlings did not differ significantly. SAP addition had little effect on phosphorous (P) uptake, except for an increase in the maximum daily P accumulation under fertilized conditions. The shoot and root of P. pinaster with SAP had 8.61 and 13.70 % higher yields, respectively, than those that received fertilizer only. Compared with fertilizer only, SAP addition with fertilizer increased the N and K contents by 7.15 and 10.04 %, respectively, whereas the P content did not differ significantly. Under fertilized conditions, N, P, and K uptake increased by 17.17, 10.13, and 20.33 %, respectively, from SAP addition. Hence, SAP could be used as a nutrient absorption enhancer (mainly N and K) in forest container seedlings, aside from being a water absorbent material.     

KOM活化堆土壤改良剂改良盐碱土壤的效果与分析

在盐碱较重的40hm2农田上施入KOM制剂,施入量为60kg·hm2,兑水800—1000倍,1个月后分别试验地和对照取样,对土壤物理性质和化学性质进行测试分析,8月上旬对作物长势进行调查测试。调查结果表明：在种植农作物的土壤中施人KOM,通过0．5cm、1．0cm、2．0cm、3．0cm、10．0cm孔径筛的土粒的百分率分别为对照的6．0倍、4．3倍、4．5倍、3．8倍和1．8倍;土壤有机质、水解氮、有效磷和速效钾的含量分别为对照的1．4倍、1．5倍、8．9倍和4．2倍;菜豆豆荚的平均长度16cm左右,而对照不足10cm。在草地施入KOM（在顶极群落羊草未形成的前提下）,优势草层高度和草覆盖度分别提高了5个和14个百分点,丰富度指数和多样性指数分别是对照的2．2倍和4．0倍。在苏打盐碱土上施入KOM活化堆土壤改良剂,可显著改善土壤的理化性质,提高土地生产力。     

Whole-plant adjustments in coconut (Cocos nucifera) in response to sink-source imbalance

Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is a perennial tropical monocotyledon that produces fruit continuously. The physiological function of the large amounts of sucrose stored in coconut stems is unknown. To test the hypothesis that reserve storage and mobilization enable the crop to adjust to variable sink-source relationships at the scale of the whole plant, we investigated the dynamics of dry matter production, yield and yield components, and concentrations of nonstructural carbohydrate reserves in a coconut plantation on Vanuatu Island in the South Pacific. Two treatments were implemented continuously over 29 months (April 2002 to August 2004): 50% leaf pruning (to reduce the source) and 100% fruit and inflorescence pruning (to reduce the sink). The pruning treatments had little effect on carbohydrate reserves because they affected only petioles, not the main reserve pool in the stem. Both pruning treatments greatly reduced dry matter production of the reproductive compartment, but vegetative growth and development were negligibly affected by treatment and season. Leaf pruning increased radiation-use efficiency (RUE) initially, and fruit pruning greatly reduced RUE throughout the experiment. Changes in RUE were negatively correlated with leaflet soluble sugar concentration, indicating feedback inhibition of photosynthesis. We conclude that vegetative development and growth of coconut show little phenotypic plasticity, assimilate demand for growth being largely independent of a fluctuating assimilate supply. The resulting sink-source imbalances were partly compensated for by transitory reserves and, more importantly, by variable RUE in the short term, and by adjustment of fruit load in the long term. Possible physiological mechanisms are discussed, as well as modeling concepts that may be applied to coconut and similar tree crops.     

猕猴桃园套种蕺菜对土壤养分、酶活性及果实品质的影响

为了提高猕猴桃果实产量与品质,在猕猴桃园以套种蕺菜、清耕和对照作为试验处理,测定不同时期猕猴桃根际土壤养分含量、微生物数量、酶活性和果实产量及品质,分析其相关性。结果表明:套种蕺菜后猕猴桃根际土壤碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量分别比对照处理提高13.95%、7.92%和3.94%,土壤细菌、真菌、放线菌数量分别提高19.01%、28.89%和16.32%,土壤过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶、磷酸酶活性分别提高17.02%、12.63%、17.57%和7.98%,单果质量和单位面积产量分别提高7.14%和7.68%,维生素C、干物质、可溶性固形物、可溶性总糖和可滴定酸含量分别提高7.97%、18.29%、2.09%、12.37%和14.18%。相关性分析结果表明,套种蕺菜后猕猴桃根际土壤速效钾含量与土壤中细菌数量、真菌数量、放线菌数量、脲酶活性、蔗糖酶活性、磷酸酶活性极显著正相关。土壤细菌数量与蔗糖酶活性显著正相关,与磷酸酶活性极显著正相关。土壤真菌数量与蔗糖酶活性极显著正相关。土壤放线菌数量与蔗糖酶活性、磷酸酶活性显著正相关。土壤速效磷含量与维生素C含量、可滴定酸含量极显著负相关,与干物质含量、可溶性固形物含量和可溶性总糖含量极显著正相关。土壤细菌数量、放线菌数量与维生素C含量极显著负相关。土壤真菌数量与维生素C含量显著负相关。土壤脲酶活性与干物质含量显著正相关,与可滴定酸含量显著负相关。维生素C含量与土壤蔗糖酶活性极显著负相关,与土壤磷酸酶活性显著负相关。套种蕺菜有利于提高猕猴桃根际土壤养分含量、微生物数量和酶活性,增加猕猴桃果实产量,改善猕猴桃果实品质。