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1.
应用剩余杂合体衍生的近等基因系分解水稻产量性状QTL   总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3  
以杂合区间为RM587-RM402的水稻剩余杂合体(RHL)衍生群体为材料,应用SSR标记检测,筛选到杂合区间分别为RM587-RM225、RM204-RM6119和RM6119-RM402的3个单株,进一步检测其F2群体,分别获得母本纯合型材料10株、父本纯合型材料10株和杂合型材料20株。种植这3套近等基因系材料,考查单株产量及其构成因子每株穗数、每穗实粒数和千粒重。经应用目标区间内等位基因效应分析和交迭重组染色体片段代换系分析,分解出3个控制每穗实粒数的QTL和2个控制单株产量的QTL,这些QTL分别位于物理距离为0.66 ~ 2.49 Mb的区间中,全部表现为加性作用为主,增效等位基因除qNFGP6 1来自父本密阳46外,其余均来自母本珍汕97B。提出了构建新型遗传材料,提高水稻QTL精细定位效率的策略。  相似文献   

2.
水稻抗纹枯病QTL qSB-11的育种价值及其进一步定位   总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6  
 在相对感纹枯病品种Lemont的第11染色体上存在1个抗性QTL qSB 11(抗性等位基因为qSB 11Le)。对qSB 11Le的育种效应即挽回产量损失率进行了研究。在纹枯病较轻发生(4级左右)情况下,qSB 11Le基本未表现出明显的育种效应,相反在重发生(8级左右)条件下,qSB 11Le能挽回的产量损失率达到10.71%。利用发展的多态性分子标记及BC4F2代分离群体,qSB 11Le的存在区间被缩小到分子标记Z405与Z286之间,物理距离在1000 kb左右。可以认为,在水稻抗纹枯病分子育种中,qSB 11Le具有较大的育种价值,利用研究发展的多态性标记可以提高qSB 11Le的选择效率。  相似文献   

3.
4.
携有抗白叶枯病新基因Xa23水稻近等基因系的构建及应用   总被引:20,自引:3,他引:20  
 1993~1998年,构建了携有抗稻白叶枯病新基因Xa23的近等基因系,命名为CBB23。以全生育期高度感病并具有改良株型的籼稻品种JG30为轮回亲本,与携有Xa23的抗性供体H-4杂交,JG30/H-4的F1通过回交、自交直至B5F4,各世代均用与目标基因Xa23相对应的专化小种菌系P6人工接种鉴定,同步进行株型和农艺性状选择,直至抗性稳定和农艺性状类似其轮回亲本。比较了CBB23 (携Xa23) 和IRBB21 (携Xa21) 对20个菌系包括10个菲律宾小种、3个日本小种和7个中国病原型代表菌系的抗谱,Xa23抗所有20 个菌系; Xa21 抗19个菌系,对菲律宾10号小种则高度感病。用近等基因系CBB23构建了JG30/CBB23组合的F2分离群体,通过SSR标记筛选,初步将Xa23定位于水稻第11染色体。进一步筛选出3个与Xa23更紧密连锁的AFLP标记。其中的APKj23与Xa23之间的图距约为1.0 cM。并报道了在抗病育种中已有效的应用了携有Xa23的近等基因系 CBB23。  相似文献   

5.
控制两个玉米近等基因系开花期和株高数量性状位点的鉴定R.P.Koester等玉米播种与开花的间隔时间决定于两个因素,即基础熟性(短日照条件下测定)和光周期敏感性,Francis等(1969)发现基础熟性和光周期敏感性在遗传上是独立的。Russell等...  相似文献   

6.
水稻果皮色泽近等基因系的构建及近等性评价   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
 以紫香糯和春江糯2号为亲本,利用F2、BC1F1和F3分离群体对果皮色泽性状进行遗传分析,并构建了7对果皮色泽近等基因系。遗传分析结果表明紫香糯果皮的色泽性状由两对互补基因控制。对7对近等基因系进行的性状相似性和遗传背景的SSR分子标记检测结果表明,近等基因系间在农艺性状上除了千粒重外,其他性状差异均不显著。利用34对亲本间多态性SSR分子标记,发现5对黑、白近等基因系仅在目标基因区段检测到了多态性标记,近等性比较理想;2对黑、褐近等基因系除了目标区段外,还分别在第11、12染色体检测到了多态性标记,近等性较差。  相似文献   

7.
水稻近等基因系构建及应用研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
近等基因系是作物遗传育种研究中常用的遗传群体,具有遗传背景简单的特点。介绍了回交转育、从突变体中和高世代群体中分离以及其他综合方法等构建水稻近等基因系的方法,综述了近等基因系在水稻基因定位、基因效应研究、品种选育、生理机能和重要农艺性状鉴定等方面的应用情况。  相似文献   

8.
陆地棉转Bt基因抗虫性状近等基因系研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
本文从棉花植株形态性状,产量性状,棉铃外观性状,棉铃经济性状,纤维品质性状和抗虫性状等六个方面比较系统地阐明了Bt基因导入对棉花农艺性状的影响效应。这些效应具体表现为,使结铃性,纤维比强度和抗虫性提高;使单株果枝数,单株果节数,棉铃长度,棉铃体积,棉铃经济系数,铃重,衣分和纤维长度下降,Bt基因导入引起的结铃性增强效应与铃重,衣分减弱效应相平衡,使转Bt基因棉GK-12与受体品种泗棉3号的皮棉产量持平,同时棉铃外形由圆锥形突变为卵圆形,铃柄长度大幅度增加。  相似文献   

9.
 应用经典遗传学方法构建了多个只有抗感基因之差,其他遗传背景相似的抗稻瘟病近等基因对, 它们的形态性状比较和过氧化物酶同工酶、过氧化物酶等电聚焦电泳带模式以及蛋白质双向电泳的图谱模式都说明每一组近等基因对有很高的同质程度,近等基因对不接种病原菌的双向电泳图谱中,pI 7.5~8.5, 分子量30~45 kDa区域的蛋白质亚基和稻瘟病的发生发展关系甚密,称该区为稻瘟病有关的蛋白质特异区,接种病原菌5 d后,近等基因对的双向电泳图谱中,蛋白质亚基变化同样发生在该特异区内。  相似文献   

10.
籼稻标记性状近等基因系的构建   总被引:13,自引:1,他引:13  
 选用涉及水稻全部12染色体的,表现简单遗传且易于通过且易于通过目测识别鉴定的形态标记材料27份,以早籼品种浙辐802为轮回亲本,通过3-4次回交,转育成了一套籼型标记性状近等基因系,该套材料除所标记性状外,生育期,株高,分蘖力和穗子大小等农艺性状与轮回亲本基本相仿。  相似文献   

11.
Sheath blight (SB) caused by Rhizoctonia solani is one of the three major diseases of rice, and now has become the most severe disease causing rice yield loss in China. Breeding and use of varieties resistant to SB is crucial in controlling the disease, but the advances achieved have been limited due to the lack of highly SB-resistant rice germplasm. Genetic analysis revealed that the SB resistance in rice was a typical quantitative trait controlled by multi-genes. Although many QTLs conferring resistance t...  相似文献   

12.
水稻纹枯病抗性基因定位及抗性资源发掘的研究进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
纹枯病是水稻三大主要病害之一。抗纹枯病品种的选育与推广对防治纹枯病具有决定性意义,而纹枯病抗性资源的发掘、抗性遗传、抗性基因定位及外源基因的利用是抗性品种选育的基础。综述了水稻纹枯病抗性基因的定位、纹枯病抗性QTL的潜在应用价值以及纹枯病抗性资源挖掘的最新进展,以期对纹枯病抗性育种提供帮助。  相似文献   

13.
Sheath blight (SB) caused by the soil borne pathogen Rhizoctonia solani is one of the most serious global rice diseases. Breeding resistant cultivar is the most economical and effective strategy to control the disease. However, no rice varieties are completely resistant to SB, and only a few reliable quantitative trait loci (QTLs) linked with SB resistance have been identified to date. In this study, we conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of SB resistance using 299 varieties from the rice diversity panel 1 (RDP1) that were genotyped using 44 000 high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Through artificial inoculation, we found that only 36.5% of the tested varieties displayed resistance or moderate resistance to SB. In particular, the aromatic and aus sub-populations displayed higher SB resistance than the tropical japonica (TRJ), indica and temperate japonica sub-populations. Seven varieties showed similar resistance levels to the resistant control YSBR1. GWAS identified at least 11 SNP loci significantly associated with SB resistance in the three independent trials, leading to the identification of two reliable QTLs, qSB-3 and qSB-6, on chromosomes 3 and 6. Using favorable alleles or haplotypes of significantly associated SNP loci, we estimated that both QTLs had obvious effects on reducing SB disease severity and can be used for enhancing SB resistance, especially in improving SB resistance of TRJ sub-population rice varieties. These results provided important information and genetic materials for developing SB resistant varieties through breeding.  相似文献   

14.
Rice resistance to sheath blight (SB) is controlled by polygenes or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and affected by plant morphological traits, qSB-9^TQ and TAG1^TQ, which control SB resistance and tiller angle (TA), respectively, were employed to test whether the combination of the two genes will further improve rice SB resistance and reduce yield loss rather than only one of them or neither. Using two pairs of near isogenic lines (NILs), TAC1^TQ was confirmed to contribute to SB resistance. However, its effect was less considerable than that of qSB-9^TQ. Subsequently, the two genes were introduced into two commercial rice varieties to develop a series of NILs. The NILs carrying both TAG1^TQ and qSB-9^TQ showed more resistance than the NILs containing only one of them. Comparing the grain yield per plant (GYP) under the three different SB disease conditions, namely slight, moderate and severe conditions, NILs carrying both genes apparently lost lower GYP than the NILs without the two genes and the NILs carrying only TAC1^TQ. Under slight disease condition, no significant differences were found on morphology, development and GYP associated traits except for TA between the NILs carrying both genes and either of them, indicating that the two genes have no inferior effect on rice agronomic traits. Results indicated that mAC1^TQ and qSB-9^TQ have high breeding potential, and pyramiding SB resistance QTL and morphological trait QTL is a potential approach in improving rice SB resistance.  相似文献   

15.
Resistance of forty-one homozygous rice lines transformed with chitinase gene (RC24) and β-1,3 -glucanse gene (β-1,3-Glu) to sheath blight was analyzed by inoculation. Among different lines, the resistance had significant differences according to the result by cluster analysis. The lines could be categorized into resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible and susceptible types, while 92.1% of which belonging to moderately resistant or moderately susceptible type. For different resistant or susceptible lines, the resistance to rice sheath blight was remarkable correlated with the chitinase activity of transgenic lines except resistant type lines, in which enzyme activity coded by target gene was lower than moderately resistant type. The chitinase activity of transgenic lines tested at different time after inoculation or different organs of the same plant was uniform, which suggested that the expression of chitinase gene was constitutive in nature. Check varieties‘ chitinase activity would change at different time after inoculation and reach a peak at sometime, but it had no difference at various parts of the same plant.  相似文献   

16.
水稻抗条纹叶枯病数量性状座位分析   总被引:17,自引:2,他引:17  
为探明水稻品种窄叶青8号抗条纹叶枯病的数量性状座位,构建了窄叶青8号/武育粳3号F2群体的分子图谱,采用人工接种和田间自然接种两种鉴定方法,以病情指数比率为表型值,对每个F2单株衍生的F2∶3家系进行了抗条纹叶枯病鉴定。整个群体的病情指数比率均呈偏向于抗性亲本的连续性分布,表明条纹叶枯病抗性受数量性状基因的控制。进一步的QTL分析发现,两种鉴定方法所检测到的QTL完全不同,人工接种(强迫饲毒)方法仅检测到1个抗性基因位点qSTV7,其增强抗性的等位基因来源于窄叶青8号,而田间自然接种方法检测到2个抗性基因位点qSTV5和qSTV1,其增强抗性的等位基因分别来源于窄叶青8号和武育粳3号,暗示抗性亲本窄叶青8号可能携带耐病毒基因和抗灰飞虱基因,而感病亲本武育粳3号经遗传重组后,其抗性基因也得以表现。比较前人研究结果,发现检测到的QTL为新的抗条纹叶枯病基因位点,这些基因不同于抗条纹叶枯病主基因Stvb i,可为防止单一基因广泛使用造成的遗传脆弱性,提供新的抗性基因资源。  相似文献   

17.
Resistance of forty-one homozygous rice lines transformed with chitinase gene (RC24) and β-1,3 -glucanse gene β-1,3-Glu) to sheath blight was analyzed by inoculation. Among different lines, the resistance had significant differences according to the result by cluster analysis. The lines could be categorized into resistant, moderately resistant, moderately susceptible and susceptible types, while 92.1% of which belonging to moderately resistant or moderately susceptible type. For different resistant or susceptible lines, the resistance to rice sheath blight was remarkable correlated with the chitinase activity of transgenic lines except resistant type lines, in which enzyme activity coded by target gene was lower than moderately resistant type. The chitinase activity of transgenic lines tested at different time after inoculation or different organs of the same plant was uniform, which suggested that the expression of chitinase gene was constitutive in nature. Check varieties chitinase activity would change at different time after inoculation and reach a peak at sometime, but it had no difference at various pans of the same plant.  相似文献   

18.
Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci for Palatability of Milled Rice   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling palatability in rice were identified using a set of 98 backcross inbred lines (BILs) population derived from a cross between a japonica variety Nipponbare and an indica variety Kasalath. The palatability scores of the population measured by RQ1/Plus Rice Analyzer, showed a continuous and transgressive segregative distribution with a range from 66 to 92. Four putative QTLs for palatability, qPAL-5, qPAL-7, qPAL-8a and qPAL-8b, were detected on chromosome 5, 7 and 8, and they accounted 7.83, 7.03, 11.58 and 7.19% of the total phenotypic variation, respectively. Three alleles qPAL-5, qPAL-7 and qPAL-8b from Kasalath increased the palatability score, whereas only one Nipponbare allele qPAL-8a increased the score. Eight transgressive lines in palatability were selected to make a comparison between phenotypic and genotypic classes. The result explained the possibility of positive QTLs pyramiding through marker-assisted selection of highly palatable rice.  相似文献   

19.
To identify stable quantitative trait loci(QTLs) responsible for sheath blight resistance, a recombinant inbred line mapping population consisting of 219 lines was developed by crossing Lemont and Yangdao 4. Average disease rating, average lesion length, maximum disease rating and maximum lesion length were assayed in six different environments. A total of 128 minor effect QTLs were detected by multiple interval mapping. These QTLs explained less than 11.2% of the phenotypic variations individually, and 106 QTLs were clustered in 20 QTL-rich regions/putative loci. Significant QTL × environment interactions were detected at three putative loci(q SBR11.1, q SBR11.2 and q SBR11.3), indicating that these three loci were not stable. The other 17 stable loci(qSBR1.1, qS BR1.2, qS BR2.1, qS BR2.3, qS BR3.1, qS BR3.2, qS BR3.5, qS BR3.6, qS BR5.1, qS BR7.1, qSBR8.1, qS BR9.1, qS BR9.2, qSBR9.3, qSBR12.1, qS BR12.2 and qS BR12.4) provided a foundation for marker-assisted selection in breeding. Analysis of allelic effect on the 20 putative loci identified 7 highly stable loci, including qS BR3.2, qS BR7.1, qS BR8.1, qSBR9.2, qSBR9.3, qSBR12.1 and qSBR12.2.  相似文献   

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