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魔芋飞粉及其加工利用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
1 魔芋飞粉的生产魔芋洗净切成片 ,经晾晒或烘烤干燥后称为魔芋干 ;魔芋干粉碎后的粉末称为粗粉。将粗粉放进石臼用捣杵不停细捣 ,再经风力筛选便得到精粉 ,这种用粗粉加工精粉的方法叫做捣精法。近年来也有直接用鲜魔芋加工精粉的 ,但以捣精法为主流。在精粉加工过程中 ,由魔芋表皮等部分组成的粉末飘落到石臼周围 ,这种重量轻、颗粒小的细粉称为飞粉。飞散到石臼近处的粉末 ,重量较大并混有少量精粉 ,但颗粒比精粉小而较飞粉大 ,称作中粉。将中粉加进精粉后制作的食品 ,商品价值并不高 ,但为迎合消费者的嗜好 ,一直作为增色剂使用。目前 … 相似文献
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魔芋系列产品开发研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
从云南引进白魔芋栽培成功,经研制提出由鲜芋制成精粉生产工艺,已与各厂家协作研制出魔芋系列产品,包括魔芋软糖、魔芋罐头,魔芋饼干、魔芋精面、魔芋糕等。本文还对市场前景作了粗略分析。 相似文献
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魔芋精粉中甘露聚糖含量的测定 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
魔芋精粉是由鲜魔芋块茎,经过干燥、机械粉碎、风选等工序得到的一种初级产品。魔芋精粉主要成分为甘露聚糖,其次还有淀粉、纤维素、蛋白质。游离还原糖等。魔芋甘露聚糖是由甘露糖和葡萄糖,通过β-(1→4)苷键和β-(1→3)苷键连接而成的高分子多糖(分子量达106)[1]。研究证明,魔芋甘露聚糖具有减肥作用,对血清胆固醇、肝胆固醇和中性脂肪的上升有明显的抑制作用,并具有调节代谢正常化和增强免疫功能的作用,被广泛应用于保健食品和医药上[2]。甘露聚糖含量是魔芋精粉质量的一个关键指标。目前,生产中仅以粘度的高低判断甘… 相似文献
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日本魔芋主栽品种及其特性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1 主要品种魔芋球茎质量 (粗粉比、精粉出粉率等 )因品种不同差异很大 ,人工种植前及其后的产品销售都非常注重品种问题。在来种品质优良 ,栽培面积占魔芋总面积的 50 %以上。以往的魔芋栽培仅有在来种和备中种 2种 ,目前用于栽培的除这两个品种外 ,还有大正时代引自中国的支那种以及用现代技术培育的数个新品种 ,上述品种的主要特征见表 1。其中在来种种内变异较大 ,分类系统混杂。在来种在不同地区有不同的名称 ,形态表现也因栽培地区或种植场所的不同而存在一定差异。魔芋属无性繁殖作物 ,并靠自己留种进行再生产 ,有关其系统分类及相互… 相似文献
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Virginie Molinier Marie-Lara Bouffaud Thierry Castel Arnaud Mounier Annie Colombet Ghislaine Recorbet Henri Frochot Daniel Wipf 《Agroforestry Systems》2013,87(6):1439-1449
Truffles, i.e. tree root-associated fungal fruiting bodies, clearly range among the world’s most exclusive delicacies. Despite the quite restricted natural geographic occurrence of one of the most renowned fungal species, namely Tuber melanosporum, the development of inoculation procedures in the late 1960s made it possible to enlarge its production area in different countries. This was achieved by planting orchards with host tree seedlings colonized by the fungus. In the present work, we investigate the behavior of one of the earliest T. melanosporum orchards planted in Burgundy (France) over a long-term scale (more than 30 years). A picture of the orchard evolution was obtained by recording truffle yields and fungal morphotypes over the seasons and relating them to host-tree development and climate data. The most relevant results include the time-delayed, but rather fast replacement of inoculated T. melanosporum by naturally occurring T. aestivum and the key role of climate in the inter-annual variability of truffle production. 相似文献
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黑孢块菌菌根化幼苗是该菌在树木上完成半人工模拟栽培的基础。采用黑孢块菌的液体纯菌种1-4mL对4个树种幼苗进行接种,90d后都能形成菌根,其感染率达94.4%-100%;菌根形态主要有4种类型,以珊瑚关居多,其次为棒状及二叉状,但不同树种上其各类型所占比例各不相同,黑孢块菌不同接种量的云南松幼苗,平均高比对照增加76.67%-131.74%,而生物量则增加1.62-2.17倍,以每株接种4mL菌液的效果为佳;不同pH值的基质试验结果表明,pH值为6.5-7.0时其菌根感染率高,生物量增加明显,苗木长势也较好。 相似文献
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Antoni Olivera José Antonio Bonet Lorena Palacio Bing Liu Carlos Colinas 《Annals of Forest Science》2014,71(4):495-504
Context
Black truffle (Tuber melanosporum) cultivation is a promising agro-forestry alternative for Mediterranean rural areas, but adequate weed control at seedling establishment still remains a challenge in black truffle plantations.Aims
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of several weed control strategies on early development of Quercus ilex seedlings and the symbiotic T. melanosporum.Materials and methods
In a young black truffle-inoculated holm oak plantation, we assessed for 3 years the effects of two types of mechanical weed control and five mulches in a young Q. ilex plantation inoculated with T. melanosporum. Herbaceous cover, seedling growth and abundance of T. melanosporum mycelium, based on PCR analysis of soil DNA extracts using T. melanosporum-specific primers, were estimated to determine the effectiveness of these treatments in controlling weeds and supporting the growth of both the host tree and the target fungus.Results
The amount of T. melanosporum mycelium in the soil 30 cm around the seedlings was larger under double-layer white mulch than in the rest of treatments tested. Under the white colour mulches, which had the largest light reflection, we registered the cooler soil temperature, and the best weed control was observed on the single- and double-layer black truffles and double-layer white mulch.Conclusion
The effects of double-layer white mulch on herbaceous cover, soil temperature, reflected light, and the expansion of T. melanosporum bring us closer to being able to substitute traditional tilling of truffle orchards for the less expensive mulching treatments. 相似文献18.
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对槲栎(Quercus aliena)、白栎(Q.fabri)、青岗栎(Cyclobatanopsis glauca)、小叶青岗(C.myrisinalefolia)、云山青岗(C.Nubium)、青皮青冈(C.gilva)、云贵鹅耳枥(Carpinus pubescens)、云南松(Pinus yunnanensis)等进行了块菌的感染接种试验,块菌的接种成功率除云南松略低(80%),其它的均很高,达90%以上。接种成功的关键在于介质的配比及消毒杀菌;而块菌林能否形成块菌子实体的关键是栽植地的选择及土壤改良,土壤的pH值要求在7.6以上;在块菌林的生长过程中对土壤养分进行动态监测,了解菌根菌的变化。 相似文献