共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 82 毫秒
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模拟酸雨和酸雾(pH2.0~5.6)的土培试验结果表明,低pH酸雨和酸雾处理对水稻产生明显伤害,水稻叶片出现坏死斑点,细胞膜透性增大,汁液pH值明显下降,叶绿素含量和光合速率明显降低,并随酸雨和酸雾的酸度增大、处理剂量增加而加重;叶片N,P和K养分被淋失,生长受抑制,产量明显下降。酸雨和酸雾处理诱导叶片过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶和抗坏血酸氧化酶活性增高,但不同酶的活性峰值出现在不同的处理酸度梯度上。相同酸度下,对水稻生长的抑制作用以酸雾大于酸雨。 相似文献
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以中性溶液(pH=7.0)为对照,研究了pH值为1.0,2.0,3.0,4.0,5.0和6.0模拟酸雨对小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长各指标随着pH值的降低而降低,弱酸(pH5.0~6.0)条件下小麦种子能够正常萌发和生长,种子萌发和幼苗生长各指标与对照没有显著差异(P > 0.05);在pH低于5.0时,小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长严重受阻,种子萌发和幼苗生长各指标均显著低于对照(P < 0.05);pH为1.0时,小麦种子则完全失去活性;不同pH值模拟酸雨胁迫对小麦幼苗生理指标影响较大,叶绿素含量、类胡萝卜素含量、保护酶(SOD,POD,CAT)和非保护酶(PPO,PAL)活性随酸性的增强呈降低趋势,而相对电导率和丙二醛(MDA)含量呈上升趋势。综合分析认为,小麦幼苗生长比种子萌发对模拟酸雨的响应更为敏感。 相似文献
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模拟酸雨对若干种蔬菜生长和生理性影响的研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
本研究在温室条件下模拟酸雨(PH2.5,3.0、4.0、5.6)对大白菜,番茄黄瓜四季豆和洋花萝卜幼苗植株生长和某些生理特性的影响。结果表明,PH2.5和3.0的模拟酸雨明显伤害蔬菜叶片,造成叶片细胞膜透性增加,叶绿素含量和根伤流量的减少。探讨了酸雨影响蔬菜幼苗生长和生理特性的一般规律和酸度阈值。 相似文献
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模拟酸雨对芒果生长及土壤的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
模拟酸雨田间试验结果表明,pH2.5酸雨处理有明显抑制供试桂香芒秋梢的生长,降低叶绿素含量,加速叶片中的钙、镁、铁、锰、铜、铝等元素淋洗的趋势,同时也能促使供试土壤中钙、镁盐基离子的流失,从而导致土壤pH值下降,促使锰、锌、铜等重金属微量元素及铝的活化,既阻碍了根系对锌、铁、锰3元素的吸收,又影响根对钙、镁、铜、铝4元素向地上部输送。 相似文献
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模拟酸雨对油菜生长的影响 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
在温室内时间的试验发现,pH≤4.0的模拟酸雨会引起油菜单株角果数减少,pH3.5的模拟酸雨会使油菜叶片受到伤害,并会降低油菜叶片和角果皮的叶绿素含量,叶片和角果皮的光合速率,植株高度,每荚角内的籽粒数和种子的千粒重。 相似文献
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[目的]针对赣南稀土矿区周边农田存在严重的重金属铅污染情况,研究该地区农田土壤中重金属铅迁移转化规律,旨在为矿区铅污染治理提供依据。[方法]采用模拟酸雨淋滤试验土柱观察重金属铅的淋出量变化,结合响应曲面分析试验结果。[结果]随时间的推移,铅淋出量呈现出快速下降和慢速下降两个阶段。随着pH值的减小,淋滤强度的上升使得铅淋出量呈现先上升后减小的情况。当外源铅浓度增加时,pH值的减小和淋滤强度的上升都会时铅淋出量增加。响应曲面软件对试验数据进行多元回归拟合,交互项中pH值与培养铅浓度较为显著。[结论]铅的污染程度与铅的析出呈正相关,酸雨pH值对污染农田中铅的析出有重要影响。 相似文献
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The present study reports the results of a field-basedexperiment conducted to assess the effect of simulated acid rain(SAR) of different pH i.e. 5.6 (control), 5.0, 4.5, 4.0 and 3.0on two cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum, Malviya 213(M213) and Sonalika). Shoot and root lengths significantlydeclined at pH 3.0 in both varieties. Leaf area declined at pH4.0 and 3.0 in M213 at both ages and at 75 days in Sonalika.Total biomass of 75 days plants declined significantly at pH range4.5–3.0 in M213 and at pH 4.0 and 3.0 in Sonalika. Netassimilation rate (NAR) declined significantly at pH 3.0 inboth varieties. Compared to control, yield of M213 showedsignificant reductions at pH 4.0 and 3.0, whereas Sonalikaresponded negatively at pH 3.0. The study showed that acid rainhas a significant negative effect on wheat plant performance. 相似文献
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Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on the Antioxidative System in Cinnamomum philippinense Seedlings 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study examined the importance of the antioxidative defense mechanism during the application of simulated acid rain (SAR) pH 4, pH 3, pH 2, and pH 6 as control treatment in Cinnamomum philippinense seedlings. Analysis was carried out on 1, 10, and 15 days of spraying SAR. In our results, catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APx), guaiacol peroxidase (GPOD), and glutathione reductase (GR) activity significantly were induced on 1 day of spraying SAR pH 3 and pH 2, suggesting that C. philippinense seedlings exposed to pH 3 and pH 2 acid rain for only 1 day were under oxidative stress, and antioxidant enzyme were apparently increased until 10 days of spraying SAR pH 4. However, on 10 days of spraying SAR pH 2, the accumulated intensity of acidity significantly inhibited the activities of CAT and APx accompanying with increased concentrations of malonydialdehyde (MDA). On the contrary, GPOD activity and the ascorbic acid ratio were remarkably increased when spraying SAR pH 2 for 15 days. Therefore, GPOD and ascorbate contribute to the scavenging of ROS at stronger acidity stresses. However, they were not enough to avoid cellular damage, since membrane lipids were injured, and necrosis appeared. 相似文献
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模拟酸雨组成对棉花根际土壤水解酶活性的影响 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
本文模拟酸雨离子组成,运用恒温恒湿连续培养的方法,考察了外源酸对棉花根际土壤脲酶、转化酶、磷酸酶活性的影响。结果表明:低酸度对脲酶、中性磷酸酶产生一定的激活效应,进而转为抑制;而在[H+]0~55mmol/kg范围内,外源酸对转化酶与酸性磷酸酶活性表现为明显的激活效应。三种水解酶活性随培养时间的延长均表现为激活-抑制的变化规律。相关分析表明,脲酶、中性磷酸酶活性与[H+]呈极显著负相关;而转化酶、酸性磷酸酶活性与[H+]正相关。 相似文献
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模拟酸雨和Pb复合污染对羽叶鬼针草的生理特性的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过盆栽试验研究了模拟酸雨(pH分别为3.5,4.5,5.6)和Pb(0~2 000 mg/kg)复合污染对羽叶鬼针草的生理特性的影响.结果表明,随着酸雨酸度的增强和Pb处理浓度的增加.羽叶鬼针草生物量和叶绿索含量均有不同程度的下降,叶和根中的丙二醛含量上升,超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶活性则是先升后降,脯氨酸含量随着Pb含量和酸雨强度的增加而升高,羽叶鬼针草对酸雨有较好的耐受能力,酸雨和Pb复合污染比单一污染对羽叶鬼针草造成的胁迫更严重. 相似文献