联苯菊酯-β-环糊精包合物的制备及其光谱研究

控制释放剂是农药制剂新的发展方向,为了开发对生态与环境有益,储运安全性高,药效好,节省溶剂的高效拟除虫菊酯的控制释放制剂,研究了 β -环糊精( β -CD)对联苯菊酯的包合作用。采用液相法制备了联苯菊酯- β -CD包合物,并通过紫外光谱(UV)、差示扫描量热分析(DSC)、红外光谱(IR)及核磁共振(1H NMR)等分析方法对其结构进行了表征。通过UV和DSC确定了包合物的形成,用等物质的量连续变化法确定了包合物中联苯菊酯与 β -CD最大包合比为1∶ 1; 经IR和1H NMR分析推测:联苯菊酯- β -CD包合物是一种靠疏水作用和分子间作用力结合的超分子结构,包合过程未产生新化学键,包合作用对联苯菊酯的结构未产生影响,包合物是由联苯菊酯的苯环端从 β -CD的较大端进入 β -CD的空腔而形成的。     

两株拟除虫菊酯类农药高效降解菌混合降解性能研究

从拟除虫菊酯类农药生产车间下水道驯化污泥中分离筛选出两株可同时降解联苯菊酯、甲氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯的高效菌株M6R9和M5R14,经鉴定为产气肠杆菌Enterobacter aerogenes和缺陷假单胞菌Pseudomonas diminuta。通过单一菌和混合菌对比实验,发现单一菌及混合菌对联苯菊酯、甲氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯的降解率均与接菌量(OD415nm)呈正相关,且降解过程满足一级动力学方程。在含联苯菊酯、甲氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯各100 mg/L的基础培养基中,接菌量相同(单一菌OD415nm 均为0.2,混合菌中M6R9和M5R14的OD415nm各为0.1),于30 ℃、pH 7.0、180 r/min下培养3 d,发现混合菌对联苯菊酯、甲氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯的降解率分别比单一菌M6R9和M5R14提高2.5%、3.4%、2.3%和14.5%、14.6%、15.5%,半衰期分别缩短8.1、14.8、13.1 h和40.3、50.7、46.4 h,表明混合菌对联苯菊酯、甲氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯的降解存在协同作用,即混合菌可提高3种菊酯类农药残留的去除率。     

四种拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂对枸杞蚜虫的毒力及对三磷酸腺苷酶和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶活性的影响

为寻找防治枸杞蚜虫的适用药剂,采用玻璃管药膜法,测定了4种拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂对枸杞蚜虫的毒力及对其三磷酸腺苷酶(ATPase)和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GSTs)活性的影响。结果表明:枸杞蚜虫对联苯菊酯最敏感,LC50值为4.34 mg/L;氯菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯和甲氰菊酯的LC50值分别为17.08、40.50和184.84 mg/L。4种杀虫剂对枸杞蚜虫两种ATPase活性均有抑制作用,药剂浓度为1×10-4mol/L时,4种药剂对Na+-K+-ATPase活性的抑制率均高于对Ca2+-M g2+-ATPase的抑制率,其中对Na+-K+-ATPase活性的抑制率从高到低依次为:联苯菊酯高效氯氰菊酯氯菊酯甲氰菊酯,而对Ca2+-M g2+-ATPase的抑制率则是联苯菊酯最高(46.41%),高效氯氰菊酯最低(33.04%)。4种药剂对枸杞蚜虫GSTs活性的影响差异较大:联苯菊酯在低浓度时对GSTs具有诱导作用,高浓度时则表现为一定的抑制作用;不同浓度高效氯氰菊酯和氯菊酯对GSTs活性均表现为抑制作用,抑制率最高达85.02%;而甲氰菊酯处理后GSTs的活性则升高了193.07%~249.96%。     

贵州省6地小贯小绿叶蝉种群对杀虫剂的敏感性

为明确贵州小贯小绿叶蝉[Empoasca (Matsumurasca) onukii]对茶园主要杀虫剂的抗性现状,采用室内浸梢法测定了贵州省安顺、六枝、清镇、都匀、湄潭、凤冈6地小贯小绿叶蝉种群对吡虫啉、茚虫威、吡蚜酮、联苯菊酯、啶虫脒、虫螨腈的抗药性。发现贵州小贯小绿叶蝉种群对吡虫啉处于敏感至中抗水平(抗性倍数2.39～13.65),对茚虫威处于敏感(敏感性下降)至低抗水平(3.11～5.83),对吡蚜酮处于敏感至中抗水平(2.67～13.68),对啶虫脒处于低抗至中抗水平(9.18～14.87),对虫螨腈处于敏感至敏感性下降阶段(1.91～3.24),对联苯菊酯处于敏感阶段(1.16～1.57)。     

马铃薯桃蚜对拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的敏感性及其体内羧酸酯酶活性研究

为明确内蒙古马铃薯主要种植区马铃薯桃蚜的抗药性水平及抗性形成机制,采用室内生物测定方法,检测了内蒙古呼和浩特市及呼和浩特武川县马铃薯桃蚜田间种群(分别简称为呼市种群和武川种群)和室内饲养未接触任何药剂的马铃薯桃蚜敏感种群对7种拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的敏感性,并对供试各种群桃蚜的羧酸酯酶(CarE)活性进行了研究。结果表明:相对于敏感种群,呼市种群和武川种群对氯氰菊酯均产生了高水平抗性(抗性倍数为74.11和549.4);呼市种群对联苯菊酯产生了中等水平抗性(16.03倍),对氰戊菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯和高效氯氟氰菊酯仍保持敏感(1.00~4.00倍);武川种群对溴氰菊酯(10.14倍)、甲氰菊酯(26.46倍)和联苯菊酯(33.74倍)处于中等抗性水平,对高效氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯和高效氯氟氰菊酯仍较为敏感(50值分别为0.54、1.07和0.93 nmol/L。三唑磷分别与高效氯氰菊酯和溴氰菊酯联用可显著增强其毒力,表明三唑磷与这两种拟除虫菊酯类药剂复配在武川和呼市马铃薯桃蚜防治中具有很好的应用潜力。     

分散固相萃取-气相色谱法测定茶鲜叶中7种拟除虫菊酯类农药残留

建立了超声波提取、分散固相萃取净化、气相色谱-电子捕获法(GC-ECD)同时测定茶鲜叶中甲氰菊酯、高效氯氟氰菊酯、氯菊酯、氟氯氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯和溴氰菊酯7种拟除虫菊酯类农药残留的方法。样品采用V(乙酸)∶V(乙腈)=1∶99的混合溶剂超声提取,适量乙二胺-N-丙基硅烷(PSA)、十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶(C18)和石墨化碳黑(GCB)吸附剂净化,GC-ECD测定,基质外标法定量。结果表明:在0.004~2 mg/L范围内,7种拟除虫菊酯类农药的峰面积与相应质量浓度间呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均大于0.999;在0.01~0.5 mg/kg的添加水平下,平均回收率为80%~101%,日内相对标准偏差(RSD)均小于8.4%(n=6),日间RSD均小于9.3%(n=3);7种农药在茶鲜叶中的检出限为0.002~0.02 mg/kg,定量限为0.01~0.05 mg/kg。该方法操作简单、定量准确、溶剂用量少,对检测条件要求低,可同时测定茶鲜叶中7种拟除虫菊酯农药的残留量。     

《农药学学报》 2010年第12卷(第1-4期)总目次

专论与综述 羧酸酰胺类(CAAs)杀菌剂研究进展--------朱书生,卢晓红,陈 磊,等(1)1 苏云金芽孢杆菌毒素受体鞘糖脂的研究进展--------李 拓,王 沫,王少丽,等(1)13 二硫代氨基甲酸盐类(DTCs)杀菌剂残留分析方法综述--------马婧玮,潘灿平,张 玲,等(1)22 手性除草剂研究进展--------周青燕,章 程,柴如山,等(2)109 由规范残留试验数据推荐农药最大残留限量的方法概述--------李 晶,徐 军,董丰收,等(3)237 农药职业健康风险评估方法--------李 敏,张丽英,陶传江(3)249 α-氨基酸在农药合成中的应用--------赵 建,曲文岩,林德杰,等(4)371 昆虫蜕皮激素类似物的定量构效关系及其受体三维结构研究进展--------阴 斌,张 莉,崔紫宁,等(4)383 分子靶标烟草花叶病毒外壳蛋白的结构生物学研究进展--------李向阳,陈 卓,杨 松,等(4)391 以昆虫鱼尼丁受体为靶标的化合物活性筛选方法研究进展--------孙丽娜,闫晓静,芮昌辉,等(4)402 研究论文与研究简报 合成及构效关系研究 壳寡糖希夫碱金属配合物的合成及其对烟草花叶病毒的抑制活性--------杨 楠,徐翠莲,杨国玉,等(1)31 甘氨酸法合成草甘膦中由甲醛引发的副反应研究--------黄 明,尹应武 ,查正炯(1)37 亚洲玉米螟性信息素的简易合成法--------陈海滨,杜永均(1)90 含1,4-二氢吡啶环的新烟碱类化合物的合成及杀虫活性--------吴宁波,陈卫东,须志平,等(2)119 4-取代-2-[(3-三氟甲基)-苯乙烯基]-1,3,4- NFDA1 二嗪-5-酮的合成及其生物活性--------孙 亮,曹 瑾,陈 亮,等(2)221 4-甲基-1,2,3-噻二唑-5-甲酸芳酯的合成及生物活性--------王守信,米 娜,范志金,等(3)255 取代苯甲醛缩氨基硫脲(脲、硝基胍)类化合物的合成及其对小菜蛾酪氨酸酶的抑制活性--------王 振,董 玮,徐 焱,等(3)264 吡啶衍生物研究Ⅷ:2-烷氨基-5-(2-芳氧吡啶-3-基)-1,3,4-噻二唑类衍生物的合成与及生物活性--------冉兆晋,袁会珠,曹坳程,等(3)269 5-(羟基亚甲基)-2,4-咪唑啉二酮酯的合成及除草活性--------韩金涛,陈守聪,刘吉平,等(3)274 Ugi反应合成4-甲基-1,2,3-噻二唑化合物及其抗烟草花叶病毒活性(英文)--------付一峰,左 翔,范志金,等(4)408 5-(2-呋喃基)-1,3-环己二酮衍生物的合成及除草活性--------崔 庆,王 娇,谢龙观,等(4)417 新型2-酰基氰基乙酸类衍生物SYP-10898的研究--------李 洋,刘长令,田俊峰,等(4)423 嘧啶酮类衍生物的合成及杀虫活性--------王宝珠,徐晓勇,陶玉成,等(4)429 N-氰基甲基-[(苯甲酰基)(2-氯噻唑-5-基甲基)氨基乙基]砜亚胺类化合物的合成及杀虫活性--------于海波,张 弘,方建新,等(4)435 草酸二丙酮胺-铜配合物的合成、结构表征及抑菌活性--------姬志勤,魏少鹏,吴文君(4)440 含磷苯甲酰基硫脲的合成及杀虫活性--------金传飞,蔡 哲,贺红武(4)445 含氟2-氧代环己基磺酰胺的合成及杀菌活性--------杨红业,闫晓静,袁会珠,等(4)449 丁香菌酯(SYP-3375)的设计、合成及杀菌活性--------李 淼,刘长令,张明星,等(4)453 吡啶衍生物研究ⅩⅣ:2-(2-芳氧基吡啶-3-甲酰氧基)丙酸酯的合成及除草活性--------冉兆晋,袁会珠,曹坳程,等(4)458 2-[4-(对氟苯基)噻唑-2-基]-3-羟基-3-烃氧基丙烯腈的合成及杀菌活性--------翁建全,刘会君,刘幸海,等(4)463 分子电性作用矢量用于芳香族化合物的定量结构-生物降解性相关研究--------仝建波,李云飞,刘淑玲,等(4)472 有机化合物的陆地和水生环境毒性的计算机预测研究(英文)--------程飞雄,沈 杰,李卫华,等(4)477 苯并-1,2,3-噻二唑羧酸酯的合成及生物活性--------杜青山,赵振江,朱维平,等(4)499 毒理与应用技术 啶菌 NFDA1 唑对番茄灰霉病菌的抑菌作用研究--------陈凤平,韩  平,张真真 ,等(1)42 防治白菜根肿病的药剂筛选--------李 妍,谢学文,石延霞,等(1)93 乙烯利对昆明种小鼠的氧化应激作用--------王 蓓,赵 文,梁淑珍,等(1)97 枯草芽孢杆菌Bs-15产嗜铁素条件及其对甜椒的防病促生效应--------余贤美,周广芳,辛 力,等(2)135 甲哌鎓对甜椒幼苗抗寒性的诱导作用研究--------罗立津,徐福乐,洪淑珠,等(2)142 嘧霉胺对采后柑橘绿霉病的防治效果--------姜丽英,陈国庆,施品忠,等(2)149 番茄早疫病菌对异菌脲的敏感基线及其抗性突变体的生物学特性--------任 璐,韩巨才,刘慧平(2)155 油菜菌核病内生拮抗细菌的筛选及防病作用研究--------高小宁,陈金艳,黄丽丽,等(2)161 三种羧酸酰胺类杀菌剂对黄瓜疫霉菌不同发育阶段的影响及其敏感性测定--------朱书生,陈 磊,卢晓红,等(2)168 枸骨内生菌No.2的鉴定及其对黄瓜立枯病的生防作用--------申屠旭萍,石一珺,俞晓平(2)173 一株虫生真菌杀线虫活性代谢产物的分离与结构鉴定--------张永刚,袁文鹏,夏雪奎,等(2)225 小菜蛾对毒死蜱敏感性的日节律变化及其机理初探--------侯世星,张少辰,黄维棣,等(2)229 新型砜类化合物对辣椒枯萎病菌的抑菌作用初探--------金林红,陈红军,杨 松,等(2)233 三环己基氯化锡对烟草花叶病毒的抑制作用--------李 祝,周蕴赟,陈 伟,等(3)279 三种杀线虫剂对甘薯茎线虫扩散的Hormesis效应--------何 琪,丁 中,张声扬,等(3)329 抑制番茄早疫病菌活性化合物的高通量筛选方法研究--------张 晓,王满意,于淑晶,等(4)468 菲并吲哚里西啶生物碱及其盐衍生物的生物活性研究--------王开亮,吴 萌,刘智慧,等(4)507 分析·残留与环境 降解菌2N3对被氯嘧磺隆污染土壤的生物修复--------汪佳秀,张祥辉,穆文辉,等(1)49 高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定小麦中2甲4氯残留--------赵慧宇,薄 瑞,薛佳莹,等(1)105 基于Fe3O4@ZrO2磁性纳米颗粒选择性富集-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法检测蔬菜中痕量有机磷研究--------巫远招,徐维莲,侯建国,等(2)178 规范残留试验下阿维菌素在油白菜和结球甘蓝中的残留及消解动态--------袁 蕾,李建中,莫汉宏,等(2)185 甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐在水稻环境中的残留及消解动态--------张侃侃,胡德禹,张钰萍,等(2)190 嘧霉胺和乙霉威在大葱中的残留消解动态--------崔淑华,王开运,钱家亮,等(2)195 草甘膦铵盐在苎麻田的残留及消解动态--------王彦辉,李 欣,周小毛,等(2)201 残留甲拌磷对土壤微生物活性的影响--------彭振宝,赵思峰,危常州,等(2)207 超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定甘蓝和土壤中的醚菊酯残留--------纪 然,朱光艳,刘 冰(3)283 直接竞争酶联免疫吸附分析法测定甘蔗中的克百威残留--------刘腾飞,刘曙照(3)289 分散固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速检测棉花和土壤中氟铃脲的残留--------盛 宇,徐 军,刘新刚,等(3)294 苯醚甲环唑在茶叶中的残留量及其在茶汤中的浸出动态研究--------王 军,刘丰茂,温家钧,等(3)299 漩涡辅助液液微萃取和气相色谱法分析水样中甲草胺、乙草胺和丁草胺残留--------张学博,王 德,赵尔成,等(3)303 QuEChERS/GC-MS快速分析土壤中的苯醚甲环唑残留--------薛晓航,戴守辉,张璐珊,等(3)309 浙江居民毒死蜱和氯氰菊酯的长期膳食暴露与风险评估--------张志恒,袁玉伟,王 强,等(3)335 基质固相分散-高效液相色谱法测定玉米中7种苯氧羧酸类除草剂的残留--------洪海燕,殷培军,魏 艳,等(3)344 高效液相色谱法测定苹果中多菌灵残留量的测量不确定度分析--------杨 媛,石 磊,李文生,等(3)349 稻田施用氯氟吡氧乙酸后其在水稻植株、糙米、稻壳、土壤和田水中的残留消解动态--------段劲生,彭 梅,王 梅,等(3)355 啶虫脒和阿维菌素在4种不同类型土壤中的吸附及迁移--------赖作旺,邓新平,王小天,等(3)361 近红外光谱法快速测定农药中溴氰菊酯含量--------熊艳梅,李春子,王 冬,等(3)367 高效液相色谱法测定元参、黄芩和杭白菊中的多菌灵残留--------吴加伦,王天玉,王怀昌,等(4)489 稻瘟酰胺在水稻植株及稻田水、土壤中的消解动态研究--------秦 丽,吴慧明,刘福光,等(4)494 其  他 反应时间、芯壁比及表面活性剂用量对阿维菌素微囊制备的影响--------滑海涛,李 敏,翟晓曼,等(1)54 烯效唑-β-环糊精包合物的制备、表征及其生物活性--------朱晓峰, 段留生,谭伟明,等(1)61 5%醚菊酯展膜油剂配制及其对稻飞虱的防治效果--------冯 超,杨代斌,袁会珠(1)67 复合改性粘土对除草剂2,4-D的控制释放作用研究--------吕金红,李建法,王 杰,等(1)73 光散射技术在4.5%高效氯氰菊酯水乳剂物理稳定性研究中的应用--------郭勇飞,尹明明,陈福良(1)79 己唑醇微乳剂的低温稳定性研究--------张大侠,徐加利,张 源,等(1)85 纳米SiO2表面改性及其对阿维菌素吸附性能的影响--------刘 琪,崔海信,孙长娇,等(1)101 β-环糊精及其衍生物与毒死蜱包合物的制备及表征--------张 斌,秦 岭,张玲玲,等(2)127 介孔活性炭阿维菌素载药系统的性能研究--------孙长娇,崔海信,刘 琪,等(2)214 机动弥雾法施用70%吡虫啉水分散粒剂防治小麦蚜虫的雾滴沉积密度与防效的关系--------崔 丽,王金凤,秦维彩,等(3)313 农药剂型、喷雾参数与采样方法对代森锰锌在小油菜上原始沉积量的影响--------秦 曙,庞 斌,乔雄梧,等(3)319 联苯菊酯-β-环糊精包合物的制备及其光谱研究--------胡奕俊,徐 妍,马 超,等(3)324 贵州乌头杀虫生物碱的研究--------杨 宇,刘吉平,王明安(4)503 MONOGRAPHS AND REVIEWS Research advances in carboxylic acid amide fungicides--------ZHU Shu-sheng,LU Xiao-hong,CHEN Lei,et al(1)1 Advance on glycosphingolipids as receptor for Bacillus thuringiensis toxins--------LI Tuo,WANG Mo,WANG Shao-li,et al(1)13 Research progress on residue analysis of dithiocarbamates(DTCs) fungicide--------MA Jing-wei,PAN Can-ping,ZHANG Ling,et al(1)22 Progress of research on chiral herbicides--------ZHOU Qing-yan,ZHANG Cheng,CHAI Ru-shan,et al(2)109 Overview on the statistically-based methods for establishing MRLs based on supervised field trial data--------LI Jing,XU Jun,DONG Feng-shou,et al(3)237 Approach of pesticide occupational risk assessment--------LI Min,ZHANG Li-ying,TAO Chuan-jiang(3)249 Application of α-amino acids in agrochemicals synthesis--------ZHAO Jian,QU Wen-yan,LIN De-jie,et al(4)371 Progress on quantitative structure-activity relationship of ecdysone analogues and the three-dimensional structure of ecdysone receptor--------YIN Bin,ZHANG Li,CUI Zi-ning,et al(4)383 Research progress of structure biology of tobacco mosaic virus coat protein as molecular targets--------LI Xiang-yang,CHEN Zhuo,YANG Song,et al(4)391 Progress on biological screening method for ryanodine receptor-targeted compounds--------SUN Li-na,YAN Xiao-jing,RUI Chang-hui,et al(4)402 RESEARCH REPORTS AND NOTES Synthesis and QSAR Research Synthesis and biological activity of chitooligosaccharides Schiff base metal complexes--------YANG Nan,XU Cui-lian,YANG Guo-yu,et al(1)31 Study of side-reaction on synthesis of glyphosate induced by glycine method--------HUANG  Ming,YIN Ying-wu,ZHA  Zheng-jiong(1)37 Convenient synthesis of the sex pheromone of Asian corn gorer--------CHEN Hai-bin,DU Yong-jun(1)90 Synthesis and insecticidal activity of neonicotinoids containing 1,4-dihydropyridine ring--------WU Ning-bo,CHEN Wei-dong,XU Zhi-ping,et al(2)119 Synthesis and bioactivity of 4-substituted-2-[2-(3-(trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-vinyl)]-4H-[1,3,4]-oxadiazin-5-one--------SUN Liang,CAO Jin,CHEN Liang,et al(2)221 Synthesis and biological activity of 4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole-5-carboxylates--------WANG Shou-xin,MI Na,FAN Zhi-jin,et al(3)255 Synthesis of substituted benzylidene hydrazinecarbothioamide (hydrazinecarboxamide,nitrohydrazinecarboximidamide) and their inhibitory activity on tyrosinase of diamondback moth Plutella xylostella (L.)--------WANG Zhen,DONG Wei,XU Yan,et al(3)264 Studies on pyridine derivatives (Ⅷ):Synthesis and bioactivity of 2-alkylamino-5-(2-aryloylpyrid-3-yl)-1,3,4-thiodiazoles--------RAN Zhao-jin,YUAN Hui-zhu,CAO Ao-cheng,et al(3)269 Synthesis and herbicidal activity of 5-(4-hydroxymethylene)hydantoin esters--------HAN Jin-tao,CHEN Shou-cong,LIU Ji-ping,et al(3)274 4-Methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazoles synthesized via Ugi reaction with antiviral activity against tobacco mosaic virus(in English)--------FU Yi-feng,ZUO Xiang,FAN Zhi-jin,et al(4)408 Synthesis and herbicidal activity of 5-(2-furanyl) cyclohexane-1,3-diones derivatives--------CUI Qing,WANG Jiao,XIE Long-guan,et al(4)417 Research of novel 2-acyl cyanoacetic acid derivative SYP-10898--------LI Yang,LIU Chang-ling,TIAN Jun-feng,et al(4)423 Synthesis and insecticidal activity of pyrimidone derivatives--------WANG Bao-zhu,XU Xiao-yong,TAO Yu-cheng,et al(4)429 Synthesis and insecticidal activity of N-cyano methyl-[(benzoyl)(2-chlorothiazole-5-yl methyl)amino ethyl] sulfoximine derivatives--------YU Hai-bo,ZHANG Hong,FANG Jian-xin,et al(4)435 The synthesis,characterization and fungicidal activity of diacetonamine oxalate-copper(Ⅱ) complex--------JI Zhi-qin,WEI Shao-peng,WU Wen-jun(4)440 Synthesis and biological activity of O,O-dialkyl(3-benzoylthioureido)(phenyl)methylphosphonates--------JIN Chuan-fei,CAI Zhe,HE Hong-wu(4)445 Synthesis and fungicidal activity of 2-oxocyclohexylsulfonamides containing fluorine--------YANG Hong-ye,YAN Xiao-jing,YUAN Hui-zhu,et al(4)449 Design,synthesis and fungicidal activity of coumoxystrobin(SYP-3375)--------LI Miao,LIU Chang-ling,ZHANG Ming-xing,et al(4)453 Studies on pyridine derivatives(Ⅹ Ⅳ):Synthesis and herbicidal activity of 2-(2-aryloxypyridine-3-carbonyloxy)-propionate--------RAN Zhao-jin,YUAN Hui-zhu,CAO Ao-cheng,et al(4)458 Synthesis and fungicidal activity of 2-[4-(4-fluorophenyl) thiazol-2-yl]-3-hydroxy-3-hydrocarbyloxy acrylonitriles--------WENG Jian-quan,LIU Hui-jun,LIU Xing-hai,et al(4)463 Molecular electronegativity interaction vector and its application in quantitative structure-biodegredability relationship for aromatic compounds--------TONG Jian-bo,LI Yun-fei,LIU Shu-ling,et al(4)472 In silico prediction of terrestrial and aquatic toxicities for organic chemicals(in English)--------CHENG Fei-xiong,SHEN Jie,LI Wei-hua,et al(4)477 Synthesis and biological activity of novel benzo-1,2,3-thiadiazole carboxylic ester derivatives--------DU Qing-shan,ZHAO Zhen-jiang,ZHU Wei-ping,et al(4)499 Toxicology, Application Technology Studies on antifungal activity of fungicide 5-(4-chloro phenyl)-2,3-dimethyl-3-(pyridine-3)-oxazoline aganist Botrytis cinerea--------CHEN Feng-ping,HAN Ping,ZHANG Zhen-zhen,et al(1)42 Studies of controlling clubroot of Chinese cabbage--------LI Yan,XIE Xue-wen,SHI Yan-xia,et al(1)93 Effect of ethephon on oxidative stress in Kunming mice--------WANG Bei,ZHAO Wen,LIANG Shu-zhen,et al(1)97 Study on factors influencing the siderophore production of Bacillus subtilis Bs-15 and effects of Bs-15 on disease control and growth promotion of sweet pepper--------YU Xian-mei, ZHOU Guang-fang,XIN Li(2)135 Inducing effects of mepiquat chloride on the chilling resistance of sweet pepper(Capsicum annuum)seedlings--------LUO Li-jin,XU Fu-le,HONG Shu-zhu,et al(2)142 Efficacy of pyrimethanil in controlling green mould of postharvest citrus--------JIANG Li-ying,CHEN Guo-qing,SHI Pin-zhong,et al(2)149 Baseline sensitivity of Alternaria solani to iprodione and characteristics of the resistant mutants--------REN Lu,HAN Ju-cai,LIU Hui-ping(2)155 Screening of antagonistic endophytic bacteria and their roles in control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in canola--------GAO Xiao-ning,CHEN Jin-yan,HUANG Li-li,et al(2)161 Effect of three carboxylic acid amide fungicides on different life stages of Phytophthora melonis and determination of the sensitivities--------ZHU Shu-sheng,CHEN Lei,LU Xiao-hong,et al(2)168 Identification of an endophytic isolate from Llex cornuta and its antagonism against Rhizoctonia solani--------SHENTU Xu-ping,SHI Yi-jun,YU Xiao-ping(2)173 Isolation and identification of the nematicidal secondary metabolites from one strain of entomogenous fungi--------ZHANG Yong-gang,YUAN Wen-peng,XIA Xue-kui,et al(2)225 Circadian rhythm in susceptibility of Plutella xylostella to chlorpyrifos and its possible mechanisms--------HOU Shi-xing,ZHANG Shao-chen,HUANG Wei-di,et al(2)229 Preliminary study on antifungal activity of new derivative of sulfone against Fusarium oxysporum--------JIN Lin-hong,CHEN Hong-jun,YANG Song,et al(2)233 Mechanism of tobacco mosaic virus by tricyclohexyltin chloride--------LI Zhu,ZHOU Yun-yun,CHEN Wei,et al(3)279 Hormesis effect of three nematicides on the dispersal of Ditylenchus destructor--------HE Qi,DING Zhong,ZHANG Sheng-yang,et al(3)329 High throughput screening as a tool for discovering agrochemicals effective on Alternaria solania--------ZHANG Xiao,WANG Man-yi,YU Shu-jing,et al(4)468 Bioactivity of phenanthroindolizidine alkaloids and their salt derivatives--------WANG Kai-liang,WU Meng,LIU Zhi-hui,et al(4)507 Analysis, Residue and Environment Bioremediation of chlorimuron-ethyl contaminated soil by strain 2N3--------WANG Jia-xiu,ZHANG Xiang-hui,MU Wen-hui,et al(1)49 Determination of MCPA residue in wheat using high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry--------ZHAO Hui-yu,BO Rui,XUE Jia-ying,et al(1)105 Determination of trace organophosphous pesticides in vegetables by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry based on magnetic enrichment by nano Fe3O4@ZrO2--------WU Yuan-zhao,XU Wei-lian,HOU Jian-guo,et al(2)178 Residue and decline dynamics of abamectin in Brassica campestris and Brassica oleracea under supervised field trials--------YUAN Lei,LI Jian-zhong,MO Han-hong,et al(2)185 Residue and decline study of emamectin benzoate in rice field--------ZHANG Kan-kan,HU De-yu,ZHANG Yu-ping,et al(2)190 Field residue decline study of pyrimethanil and diethofencarb in welsh onion--------CUI Shu-hua,WANG Kai-yun,QIAN Jia-liang,et al(2)195 Residue and field decline study of glyphosate-ammonium in ramie field--------WANG Yan-hui,LI Xin,ZHOU Xiao-mao,et al(2)201 The influence of phorate residue on soil microbial activities --------PENG Zhen-bao,ZHAO Si-feng,WEI Chang-zhou,et al(2)207 Determination of ethofenprox residue in cabbage and soil by UPLC-MS--------JI Ran,ZHU Guang-yan,LIU Bing(3)283 Determination of carbofuran residue in sugarcane by direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay--------LIU Teng-fei,LIU Shu-zhao(3)289 Simplified method for determination of hexaflumuron residues in cotton and soil using QuEChERS and UPLC-MS/MS--------SHENG Yu,XU Jun,LIU Xin-gang,et al(3)294 Study on residue of difenoconazole in tea and its transfer from made tea to infusion--------WANG Jun,LIU Feng-mao,WEN Jia-jun,et al(3)299 Determination of metoalchlor,acetochlor and butachlor residues in water samples using vortex-assisted liquid-liquid microextraction and gas chromatography analysis--------ZHANG Xue-bo,WANG De,ZHAO Er-cheng,et al(3)303 Rapid determination of difenoconazole residue in soil using QuEChERS/GC-MS--------XUE Xiao-hang,DAI Shou-hui,ZHANG Lu-shan,et al(3)309 On the long-term dietary exposure and its risk assessment of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin for the residents in Zhejiang Province--------ZHANG Zhi-heng,YUAN Yu-wei,WANG Qiang,et al(3)335 Residual analysis of 7 phenoxyacid herbicides in corn by MSPD-HPLC--------HONG Hai-yan,YIN Pei-jun,WEI Yan,et al(3)344 Evaluation of uncertainty in measurement of carbendazim residue in apple determined by high-performance liquid chromatography--------YANG Yuan,SHI Lei,LI Wen-sheng,et al(3)349 Study on residue decline dynamics of fluroxypyr in rice plant,rice and rice hull,paddy soil and water--------DUAN Jin-sheng,PENG Mei,WANG Mei,et al(3)355 Adsorption and mobility of acetamiprid and abamectin in four soils--------LAI Zuo-wang,DENG Xin-ping,WANG Xiao-tian,et al(3)361 Rapid determination of the content of deltamethrin in agrochemicals by near-infrared spectroscopy--------XIONG Yan-mei,Li Chun-zi,WANG Dong,et al(3)367 Determination of carbendazim residue in Radix Scrophulariae,Radix Scutellariae and Flos Chrysanthemi by high performance liquid chromatography--------WU Jia-lun,WANG Tian-yu,WANG Huai-chang,et al(4)489 Residue decline study of fenoxanil in paddy plant,paddy field water and soil--------QIN Li,WU Hui-ming,LIU Fu-guang,et al(4)494 Others Studies on the influence of polymerization time,ratio of core material to wall material  and percentage of SDS on the preparation of abamectin capsule suspensions--------HUA Hai-tao,LI Min,ZHAI Xiao-man,et al(1)54 The inclusion complex of uniconazole-β-cyclodextrin:preparation,characteristic and bioactivity--------ZHU Xiao-feng,DUAN Liu-sheng,TAN Wei-ming,et al(1)61 Preparation of 5% ethofenprox spreading oil and it's control efficacy on rice planthopper--------FENG Chao,YANG Dai-bin,YUAN Hui-zhu(1)67 Study on the controlled release of herbicide 2,4-D with complexly modified clay --------LV Jin-hong,LI Jian-fa,WANG Jie,et al(1)73 Application of light scattering technology for studying the physical stability of beta-cypermethrin 45EW--------GUO Yong-fei,YIN Ming-ming,CHEN Fu-liang(1)79 Study on storage stability of hexaconazole microemulsion at low-temperature--------ZHANG Da-xia,XU Jia-li,ZHANG Yuan,et al(1)85 Effects of surface modification of SiO2 nanoparticles on the adsorption of abamectin--------LIU Qi,CUI Hai-xin,SUN Chang-jiao,et al(1)101 Preparation and characterization of inclusion complex of β-cyclodextrin and its derivative with chlorpyrifos--------ZHANG Bin,QIN Ling,ZHANG Ling-ling,et al(2)127 Properties of abamectin delivery system loaded by mesoporous activated carbon--------SUN Chang-jiao,CUI Hai-xin,LIU Qi,et al(2)214 Relationship between droplet density and field efficacy when appling imidacloprid 700WG against wheat aphids with knapsack mist-blower--------CUI Li,WANG Jin-feng,QIN Wei-cai,et al(3)313 Effects of formulation,spray parameters and sampling methods on initial residue of mancozeb in cole--------QIN Shu,PANG Bin,QIAO Xiong-wu,et al(3)319 Preparation and properties of an inclusion compound of β-cyclodextrin with bifenthrin--------HU Yi-jun,XU Yan,MA Chao,et al(3)324 Insecticidal alkaloids from Aconitum carmichaeli produced in Guizhou--------YANG Yu,LIU Ji-ping,WANG Ming-an(4)503     

大蒜鳞茎腐烂病的病原鉴定

从江苏太仓产蒜区及南京周边市场采集的病蒜上分离到 5株细菌和 3种真菌 ,经柯赫氏法则验证 ,均确定为大蒜鳞茎腐烂的病原菌。经细菌形态特征观察和生理生化性状测定结果表明 :g W、g 1属芽孢杆菌 (Bacillus spp .) ;g Y、g 2为欧文氏菌 (Erwinia spp .) ;g 3属红球菌 (Rhodococcu ssp .)。真菌的形态特征观察鉴定结果表明 :3株真菌F1、F2、F3分别属于黄青霉 (Penicillium chrysogenum Thom)、黑曲霉 (Aspergillus niger van Tiegh)和尖胞镰刀菌 (Fusarium oxysporum)     

戊唑醇对不同酿酒酵母模拟发酵过程中葡萄酒风味品质的影响

为探究葡萄酒中不同酿酒酵母作用下戊唑醇降解状况以及戊唑醇残留对不同酿酒酵母发酵过程风味品质的影响,在模拟葡萄汁培养基中添加戊唑醇标准溶液至2 mg/L,采用生产上常用的12种葡萄酒酿制酵母进行模拟酒精发酵处理,运用QuEChERS分析方法测定葡萄酒中的戊唑醇残留量,并利用电子鼻、电子舌及固相微萃取气相色谱-质谱技术 (SPME-GC-MS) 分析戊唑醇残留对葡萄酒风味品质的影响。结果表明:葡萄酒酿造中的酵母菌酒精发酵过程可促进戊唑醇的降解,但不同酿酒酵母对戊唑醇的降解效果不同,其中D254、RC212、BO213和AC菌株的降解作用较好,降解率在21%~23%之间;戊唑醇可显著改变酒精发酵过程产生的香气成分,严重抑制苯甲醇 (苦杏仁味) 的生成,从而破坏葡萄酒风味结构。在所测定12种酵母菌中,AC菌株在酒精发酵过程中风味物质的形成受戊唑醇影响最小。综上,建议葡萄酒酿造中可考虑选择酵母菌AC进行发酵。     

三唑磷在甘蓝中残留动态试验研究

为了了解三唑磷在甘蓝上使用的安全性,对三唑磷在甘蓝上施用后的残留消解动态,进行了试验研究。结果表明,以667mg／L施药后,三唑磷在土壤中的动态消解方程为C=0.0673e-0．1122t(r^2=0．9831),半衰期为6．2d;三唑磷在甘蓝植株中的动态消解方程为C=8．7411e-0．2182t(r^2=0．9453),半衰期为3．3d。     

江西为害食用菌3种霉菌的生物学特性及综合防治技术

本文报道了江西为害食用菌的3种霉菌的生物学特性及其综合防治技术。它们是绿色木霉Trichoderma viride Persoon、产黄青霉Penicillium chrysogenum Thom、构巢曲霉Aspergillus nidulans (Eidam) Went。研究了这3种霉菌的生长特性、发生规律、传播途径、生活条件及其与几种食用菌菌丝的生长关系,并且提出了防治方法,为有效地控制食用菌中的霉菌生长提供了理论依据。     

Observations on the antisporulant activity of imazalil (enilconazole)

Imazalil, incorporated in a solid nutrient medium, had no effect on the sporulation of Penicillium italicum at concentrations that did not strongly inhibit mycelial growth. However, when the fungus was grown submerged in liquid culture, sporulation of P. italicum appeared to be more affected than vegetative growth; at 33 nM, imazalil completely prevented the formation of penicilli without adverse effects on growth. Imazalil was able to prevent sporulation in the vapour phase as shown by scanning electron microscopy on P. italicum and Aspergillus niger; the vapours of the compound were found to affect different stages of the sporulation process, depending on the timing of the experiment. Thus, in order to show antisporulant activity, imazalil had to reach the target site by means other than migration within the fungus.     

Degradation of bifenthrin,chlorpyrifos and imidacloprid in soil and bedding materials at termiticidal application rates

Organophosphorus, pyrethroid and chloronicotinyl insecticides have been used to control termites in building structures in recent years. We investigated the degradation behaviour of three insecticides (bifenthrin, chlorpyrifos and imidacloprid) at termiticidal application rates under standard laboratory conditions (25 °C, 60% field moisture capacity and darkness) for 24 months. The study was carried out on one soil and two bedding materials (sand-dolomite and quarry sand), which are commonly used under housing in Australia. Experiments were also conducted to examine the effect of soil moisture on the degradation of these insecticides. Insecticide residues in the samples collected at different days after application were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The rate of degradation of bifenthrin and imidacloprid insecticides was adequately described by a first-order kinetic model (r² = 0.93–0.97). However, chlorpyrifos degradation was biphasic, showing an initial faster degradation followed by a slower rate. Therefore, the degradation data during the slower phase only (after a two-month period) followed the first-order law (r² = 0.95). Soil moisture had little effect on degradation of imidacloprid and bifenthrin. Among the three insecticides, bifenthrin and imidacloprid were most stable and chlorpyrifos the least. Chlorpyrifos showed a major loss (75–90%) of residue during the 24 months incubation period. In the bedding materials, simultaneous accumulation of the primary metabolite of chlorpyrifos, TCP (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol) was observed. Hydrolysis appeared to have caused the observed rapid loss of chlorpyrifos, especially in the highly alkaline bedding materials (sand-dolomite and quarry sand). © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry     

海洋真菌的筛选及其对离体荔枝果霜霉病和炭疽病的防效

从广西北部湾红树林区的近海海底沉积物与海水样品中分离出64株海洋真菌,以荔枝霜疫霉菌Peronophythora litchii和荔枝炭疽病菌Colletotrichum gloeosporioides为拮抗对象,发现有8株菌株对病原菌菌丝生长有较强的抑制作用,其中菌株MF-3、MF-13、MF-15和MF-16的发酵滤液对荔枝霜疫霉菌的抑制效果较好,菌丝生长抑制率达到94%以上;菌株MF-3和MF-16的发酵滤液对荔枝炭疽病菌抑制效果较好,菌丝生长抑制率均在70%以上.用菌株MF-3、MF-6、MF-8、MF-13和MF-9的发酵滤液进行荔枝离体果防病保鲜试验,结果表明常温下保鲜处理2～4d后,鲜果的褐变指数小于对照组,其中菌株MF-9防褐变效果最好.在26～32℃下,用5株菌的发酵滤液分别浸泡鲜果1d后接种荔枝霜疫霉,3d后菌株MF-6、MF-8、MF-9和MF-13处理的发病率分别是68.3%、71.67%、66.18%和80%,显著低于对照组的87.2%和烯酰玛琳的84.2%(P＜0.05),能推迟鲜果晚发病1d.接种炭疽菌3d后,菌株MF-6处理的发病率仅为64.44%,与多菌灵(62.76%)和代森锌(62.54%)效果相当.形态学观察结合分子鉴定,确定菌株MF-3、MF-6、MF-8、MF-9和MF-13分别为布雷正青霉Eupenicillium brefeldianum、微紫青霉Penicillium janthinellum、阿达青霉Penicillitun adametzii、草酸青霉Penicillium oxalicum和短棒曲霉Aspergillus clavatonanicus.     

球孢白僵菌对茶小绿叶蝉杀虫效果和应用技术

为解决当前茶叶农药残留超标问题,本研究以常用拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂联苯菊酯为对照,在茶园测试了2年100亿孢子/毫升球孢白僵菌油悬浮剂在不同使用剂量下对茶小绿叶蝉的防治效果。结果表明,100亿孢子/毫升球孢白僵菌油悬浮剂对茶小绿叶蝉防效显著。药后1～3d防效较低,药后7d逐渐上升,药后14d达到最高,用100、120mL/667m2,2011年的防效与联苯菊酯相近,无显著差异;2012年的防效显著或极显著高于联苯菊酯;药后21d防效开始下降,但降幅不明显,仍然保持在87.72～90.30%,极显著高于联苯菊酯。     

Antimicrobial activity of some N-(fluorophenyl)maleimides

A variety of N-(fluorophenyl)maleimides were prepared from the reaction of maleic anhydride and fluorophenylamines, and their antimicrobial activities examined. N-(Monofluorophenyl)maleimides exhibited antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and no activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These compounds also showed antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger, Penicillium citrinum, Cladosporium cladosporioides and Aureobasidium pullulans. All N-(fluorophenyl)maleimides tested showed activity against yeasts.     

Population dynamics of epiphytic mycoflora and occurrence of bunch rots of wine grapes as influenced by leaf removal

Population dynamics of epiphytic fungi associated with the summer bunch rot complex of five wine grape ( Vitis vinifera ) varieties in commercial vineyards in the San Joaquin Valley of California were monitored every two weeks by berry washings during 1989-1992. Vines in the five replicated experiments were subjected to basal leaf removal or left unaltered. Although numerous genera of fungi were isolated, species of Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Penicillium and Alternaria predominated. Population densities of most fungal taxa increased at or after véraison. Leaf removal in the fruiting zones of bilateral cordon-trained vines generally reduced ( P >0·05) mid to late season numbers of epiphytic mycoflora: species of Penicillium, Botrytis and Aspergillus were most commonly reduced. Populations of Alternaria spp. and yeasts were not consistently affected by leaf removal. Numbers of fungi were no lower on berries when leaves were removed from both sides of vines than when leaves were removed only from the shaded side. Incidence and severity of bunch rots (sour rot, rots caused by Botrytis cinerea, Aspergillus niger , and total rot) at harvest were consistently reduced where leaves had been removed in comparison to vines where no leaves were removed. In one experiment, berries from vines sprayed with the grower's choice of pesticides at 50% or 100% of label rates had similar numbers of epiphytic mycoflora in both cases frequently lower than those from unsprayed controls. There was a significant interaction between chemical rate and leaf removal on the incidence of sour rot at harvest. Timing and extent of leaf removal did not affect population dynamics of epiphytic fungi, or incidence or severity of bunch rots ( P ≤0·05) at harvest in other trials.