非洲猪瘟紧急预防控制技术需求

非洲猪瘟是原发于非洲肯尼亚的猪的一种重要病毒性传染病,2018年8月3日首次发生于我国沈阳。该病来势凶猛,截至10月16日,已在我国9个省份引发39次疫情。我国非常重视非洲猪瘟防控工作,具备了较好的科技储备,但疫情形势发展超乎预期,出现许多始料未及的情况,仍需要重新梳理防控技术需求,针对性地开展防控技术研究。就此,简要介绍了非洲猪瘟的特性,归纳了我国目前非洲猪瘟防控技术需求,建议深入开展快速特异诊断技术、流行病学、病原学等急需技术研究,开展野猪和软蜱传播媒介与非洲猪瘟流行关系和非洲猪瘟免疫与疫苗等基础研究。     

非洲猪瘟防控技术

非洲猪瘟疫情的传入使我国的养猪生产一度处于低迷状态,非洲猪瘟的流行不仅严重影响了养猪企业的发展,也给消费者的生活带来明显的负面作用,同时疫病防控难度及成本的增加,明显制约了养猪业的有序发展。本文重点介绍了非洲猪瘟的发生、流行特点以及有效的防控技术,供参考。     

非洲猪瘟的流行特点及防控措施

自非洲猪瘟传入我国以来，给我国生猪养殖业造成了沉重打击。做好非洲猪瘟的安全防控工作，是每个养殖场恢复生产的重中之重。本文就非洲猪瘟致病机理、临床症状、暴发原因进行介绍，同时分析我国在非洲猪瘟疫情防控中存在的问题，并提出相关防控建议，旨在为养殖场做好非洲猪瘟防控工作提供参考。     

非洲猪瘟流行原因分析及防控策略探讨

非洲猪瘟的暴发对我国生猪生产造成了巨大冲击。本文分析并探讨了非洲猪瘟的流行原因和防控措施,希望能对当前非洲猪瘟防控提供一定参考。     

浅论非洲猪瘟的防控对策

本着科学防病的理念,本文首先介绍非洲猪瘟的流行特点、传播途径、发病症状,从而做好规范消毒管理制度;注意非洲猪瘟的监督监测,掌握各地此病的流行动态;加强非洲猪瘟诊治技术研究,为科学防控此病提供理论依据;做好防控技术人员的业务培训,提升防疫人员的技术水平;推进生猪规范化养殖技术,切断非洲猪瘟扩散途径等几个方面,为非洲猪瘟的防控提供参考和借鉴。     

青海省非洲猪瘟流行现状与防控风险评估

2018年非洲猪瘟在我国出现大面积流行，给养猪业带来巨大的经济损失。自青海省传入非洲猪瘟以来，省内积极采取了一系列的防控措施，非洲猪瘟防控工作取得了积极成效。本文通过对青海省非洲猪瘟监测、现场调查，掌握本省非洲猪瘟感染及流行现状，系统评估非洲猪瘟发生风险，提出防控建议，为加快推进青海省非洲猪瘟无疫区建设提供科学依据。     

非洲猪瘟常态下猪场生物安全体系建设

非洲猪瘟是当前危害世界养猪业的最主要疫病之一,在流行地区给养猪业带来了前所未有的打击。我国自非洲猪瘟疫情发生以来,在今后相当长的一段时间内,养猪业将面临着如何有效防控非洲猪瘟的问题,而在疫苗尚未问世的背景下,生物安全体系是防控非洲猪瘟的最有效手段,本文系统总结了生物安全体系建设中的关键环节及注意事项,希望可以为生产中非洲猪瘟的防控提供技术参考。     

非洲猪瘟概况综述

非洲猪瘟是由非洲猪瘟病毒引起的一种急性、热性、高度传染性疾病,最急性和急性死亡率可达100%。自2018年8月我国确诊首例非洲猪瘟疫情以来,全国31个省、自治区、直辖市和香港特别行政区都暴发了非洲猪瘟疫情,对我国养猪业造成了巨大的损失。本文介绍了非洲猪瘟病原学、流行病学、诊断、疫苗研制的进展,分析了非洲猪瘟防控现状,提出了防控非洲猪瘟的目标、策略和措施,希望能为我国防控和根除非洲猪瘟提供参考。     

野猪非洲猪瘟的防控及疫苗研发

非洲猪瘟是一种主要感染家猪和野猪的烈性传染病,2018年8月,我国发生第1起非洲猪瘟疫情,自此,非洲猪瘟在我国呈点状传播态势,给我国养猪业造成了巨大的经济损失。野猪作为非洲猪瘟的天然宿主,在非洲猪瘟的流行和传播中发挥着重要的作用。本文主要从野猪非洲猪瘟防控措施以及疫苗的研发等方面进行阐述,以期为我国非洲猪瘟防控提供借鉴。     

非洲猪瘟的流行危害及防控措施

文章对国内外非洲猪瘟的流行情况,特别是2018年8月我国发生首例非洲猪瘟疫情后全国发生的非洲猪瘟疫情进行分析,并对非洲猪瘟的临床症状、病理变化和综合防控方法进行了介绍。     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

广西芒果主要病虫害及其防治

广西是我国主要的芒果生产基地。随着基地建设的发展,芒果病虫害已成为目前栽培管理的主要问题。为此,在调查、研究的基础了介绍了当前芒果生产中常见的病虫害,并提出了防治措施,以期为生产上提供技术参考。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。