Rice R & D Thrusts in the Philippines

1THEPHILIPPINERICESITUA TIONDuringthelastdecade (1991- 2 0 0 0 ) ,annualgrowthin productionslightlyimprovedto 2 3%from 2 2 %duringthepreviousdecade (1981-1990 ) .Duringthelastdecade (1991- 2 0 0 0 ) ,annu algrowthinproductionslightlyimprovedto 2 3%from 2 2 %duringthe previousdecade (1981-1990 ) .Notwithstandingthesteadyincreaseinriceproduction ,thecountryremainedanetriceim porter .In 2 0 0 1,palay (paddy) productioninthecountryhit 12 95Mmtoraround 9 11Mmtofrice .However,inthes…     

The Effects of Universities on Local Retail,Service, and F.I.R.E. Employment: Some Cross-Sectional Evidence

This article examines the question of whether the traditional view of a complementary relationship between universities and local businesses is still appropriate or whether auxiliary activities and other competitive elements have changed this relationship. Cross-sectional data on over 3100 counties and 3300 institutions are used to analyze the effects of university enrollment and auxiliary activities on county-level employment in the retail, financial, and service sectors. Findings indicate that the negative effects of university auxiliary activities are confined to relatively small counties, are small in magnitude, and are more than offset by the positive effects of spending by universities and students. The overall impact is positive, is more pronounced in more populous counties, and has increased over time.     

菲律宾水稻研究与发展的成就

The Philippine government recognizes the crucial role that research, development and extension play in achieving food security. PhiRice is mandated to be the lead implementing and coordinating agency for all rice R&D activities in the Philippines. The institute's activities focus on four core goals of increasing productivity, enhancing profitability, promoting sustainability of rice framing, and capacity enhancement of farmers. PhiRice implements major R&D programs on hybrid rice, transplanted irrigated lowland rice, direct-seeded rice, rice based farming systems for fragile environments, rice and rice based products, policy research and advocacy, and technology promotion. Major R&D thrusts are the development and promotion of appropriate technologies, intensification of the application of cutting-edge technologies such as biotechnology, strengthening of the manpower and facilities of the national rice R&D network, and building of a national rice information system. Recently, PhiRice has also been tasked to lead the implementation of a national hybrid rice program that targets 135,000 hectares to be planted to hybrid rice in 2002, 200,000 in 2003, and 300,000 in 2004.     

MC4R与Leptin、MC3R和CCKAR基因的互作研究

为了研究4个与采食量相关功能基因可能存在的互作关系,采用基因重组的方法构建了黑素皮质激素受体-4(MC4R)基因的真核表达载体,采用脂质体法将该表达载体转染入成纤维细胞,瞬时转染24 h后,采用Real-timePCR的方法检测和分析了Leptin、黑素皮质激素受体-3(MC3R)和猪缩胆囊素受体(CCKAR)基因mRNA的表达变化情况。结果表明,在成纤维细胞中,过表达MC4R基因后,Leptin、MC3R和CCKAR基因的mRNA水平均无显著变化。据此推测,MC4R基因与其他3个基因虽都参与调节动物的采食量,但很可能是通过不同的调控路径来发挥功能的。     

The Dynamic Behaviour of a New R.C.Hollow Plate

The dynamic behaviour of a new reinforced concerte hollow plate using the medium strength(800 MPa yield strength)ribbed bar as prestressed wire has been studied experimentaly under various concentrated impact loads.The test results on the inherent characteristics,frequency,damping,dynamic rigidity etc.are presented.Meanwhile the important points in respect to the strength,deformation,cracking under impact loads and earthquake response of plate have discussed.     

Environmental Impact Modeling of Urban Sprawl in Beijing, P. R. China

City expansion is a major driving force altering local and regional hydrology and increasing non point source (NPS) pollution. To explore these environmental consequences of urbanization, long term runoff and NPS pollution were assessed in Beijing, P. R. China. The assessment was based on land use types, soil hydrology, and long term precipitation data. The environmental impact model L THIA was used. The outcomes indicate that the area likely would be subjected to impacts from urbanization on runoff and some types of NPS pollution. Urban sprawl will increase runoff volume considerably and significantly increase losses of COD and certain heavy metals such as Pb, Zn in runoff. The results of this study have significant implications for urban planning and decision making efforts to protect and remediate water and habitat quality in the Beijing area. The techniques described herein can be used in other areas.     

Supplying the City of Shenzhen, P. R. China with Water of Differing Quality

The pattern of supplying water of differing quality using sewage recycling,and its implementation as a strategy,are discussed through an analysis of the water shortage situation in the city of Shenzhen,P.R.China. Supplying Shenzhen with water of varying quality is proposed as a concept.The necessity and feasibility of such a water supply pattern are expounded.The pattern of water supply in Shenzhen city consists of a main water supply system and non-potable water supply system with sewage recycling.In addition,the proposal also includes using seawater and rainwater.The non-potable water supply system with sewage recycling would be used primarily in large industrial parks outside the special economic zone and in other areas around the parks.Supplying Shenzhen with water of differing qualities embodies the concepts of sewage reused as a resource and of the recycling economy.This proposal also satisfies the requirement for urban sustainable development.     

Relationship changes between lowlander and hill tribes in Xishuangbanna,P.R. China

Xishuangbanna, which is well known for its ethnic diversity, is located in the upper reaches of the Mekong River. Dai lowlanders make up one third of the total population, 13 other indigenous highland groups make up another third and the balance are Han Chinese. The research on which this paper is based was conducted in three villages, Dai, Hani and Jinuo communities and designed to explore the changing relationships between lowlanders and highlanders. It was found that over the past five decades two critical events triggered profound changes. One was liberation by the Chinese Communist Party in 1950, and the other the land and economic reform policies introduced at the beginning of the 1980s.     

关于《中华人民共和国种子法》及其配套规章实施中存在的主要缺失与修改建议

<中华人民共和同种子法>(以下简称<种子法>)颁布实施9年来,对规范品种选育和种子生产、经营、使用行为,维护种子"四者"的合法权益,提高种子质量水平,推动种子产业化,促进农业发展发挥了重要作用.<种子法>前瞻性较强,罚责具体,在农业法律体系中是一部良法,但是,由于它是在我国市场经济发展不是很成熟的背景下出台的第一部专门的种子法律,因立法经验和体制机制等原因,本身不可避免地存在一定的局限性,特别是在实施过程中,也暴露出一些不容忽视的问题.     

Evaluation of the world collection of safflower,Carthamus tinctorius L. II. Resistance to the safflower fly,Acanthophilus helianthi R.

Summary The world collection of cultivated safflower, C. tinctorius L., containing about 2000 lines, was screened for resistance to one of its severest insect pests, the safflower fly, Acanthophilus helianthi R. Only 3 lines with low infestation levels were found but they cannot be considered reliable sources of resistance. Nine wild Carthamus species were also tested. Several species contained fly-free accessions, among them two species which are closely related to cultivated safflower, viz C. flavescens Willd. and C. palaestinus Eig. Breeding for earliness which will lead to more escapes, appears the best approach towards minimizing fly damage in the Mediterranean area.