Numerical simulation for the residual stress of U-rib welding onto the flat steel box girder

The flat steel box girder is commonly used for long-span cable-stayed bridges. the structural complexity, construction details and manufactures cause damage to the bridge and the damages seriously grow overtime. The main reason for these damages is that welding technology of flat steel box girder with thin plates and rib elements produces residual stress and strain fields during the welding process, and further more welding cracks commonly appear. In this study, thermal-structural couple methods was adopted to numerically simulate the welding high temperature fields and the stress fields at the joint of U rid and decks of a flat steel box. The welding residual stress distribution was studied as well for further analyzing on the structural damage and strengthening design strategies.     

世界棉花育种科技水平进展与发展对策

９０年代以来，世界棉花育种的特点为：（１）以提高单产为主要目标；（２）以提高纤维品质为主要目标；（３）以保护环境为主要目标。通过不同的育种途径，棉花育种成绩斐然，为人类的发展提供了重要的物质基础。２０００年前，中国棉花育种对策的重点应（１）加强基础研究；（２）改革现行流通体制；（３）改进原棉检测手段；（４）育种目标与市场反馈信息结合。     

Quality of Life & Modern Living

The pre-engineered town house system incorporates advanced technology, features and standards. The town house system is based upon proven building components, which are proven for on-site construction and which maybe pre-engineered in a controlled environment and delivered to site pre-commissioned. The pre-engineered town house also has the following qualities: short building time,superior quality, low weight, economy of scale, less disruptive on site therefore more sensitive to the environment, safer construction and reduced labour/requirements. The town house is adaptable to a range of possible configurations for construction and considers simple and modular design to cope with incremental expansion. Whilst maintaining the highest international standards, it will also provide the potential of training for quality employment for local communities. The town house is an Intelligent/Smart Home that will possess a computerised building control/management system and it will partner with steel and the telecommunications industries and be up to date with the latest advancements. The town house will be of zero defect quality and therefore be ecologically and environmentally advanced.     

Implementation of Green Building Design Strategies Needs Whole Process Control and Supervision

Whether the intention of green building design can be realized in buildings needs to be verified in practice.This study firstly investigates the basic climate conditions including the monthly average temperatures,humidity,wind directions,and wind speeds in Sydney,Australia,based on which it introduces some passive design features such as natural ventilation,thermal mass,natural lighting and shading control of an educational and office building in the University of New South Wales.Then,it reviews some problems identified from the post-occupancy stage of the building and discusses the strategies to solve the problems.Finally,it suggests that to implement the design intentions and ensure the expected performance of green buildings,attentions should be paid to supervise and direct implementation of the green design strategies and techniques in the whole process(from preliminary design,working drawing design,construction,to the occupancy stage) of building practice.     

Development Trend of Computer Aided Architectural Design(CAAD)

Through the review of history of CAD and CAAD technology development,combined with the application condition of CAAD technology in architectural design,this paper analyzes the theory and advantage of Virtual Building design,dissertates the development trend of computer aided architectural design(CAAD).The Virtual Building model is a complete database including all of the building information,which can be applied in the whole building industry such as building design,structural design,facility management,costing etc.,so as to manage all of the information during the building's life circle.     

Ventilation regulating methods adapting by climate for residential housing

To study the climatic control strategies of the residential building indoor acceptable thermal environment, firstly, based on adaptive model, integrated indoor activities, clothes and spot investigation on air velocity of residential building, this paper calculates an acceptable temperature range. Secondly, through state-space techniques, common passive regulating technologies in residential building have been simulated, including different ventilation rates and divided-period setting ventilation effect on indoor temperature. Meanwhile, monthly regulating methods for ventilation have been proposed. Thirdly, through ventilation technology, effective regulating zone of outdoor climate parameters have been analyzed, which is combined with hythergraph of outdoor temperature, humidity, solar radiation and air velocity. Taking the characteristics of the human thermal comfort adaptability into consideration, the energy-saving potential of the study results is also analyzed.     

Economical Evaluation on H-Type Steel Structural System of Multistory House

In this paper, the economical evaluation on the H-Type steel structural system of the multistory house was carried out with the basic principles of value engineering, the results were compared with those of the reinforced concrete system and the brick-concrete structural system. It will play an important role in development of the steel construction housing.     

The Research of Dynamic Characteristic with GPS under Ambient Excitation for High-rise Building

Based on GPS technology,this paper studies the dynamic characteristic under ambient excitation of major blocks of Chongqing University and analyze excitation data and verifies the excitation scheme.The result of research indicates that the building vibration frequency can be obtained accurately and quickly to monitor dynamic characteristic of buildings under ambient excitation with GPS.It provides reference for structural design of high-rise building and basis of correcting error of construction accurately.     

Approach to Design Strategies of an Ecological Sustainable Residential Area in Beibei,Chongqing

The residential area studied in this paper is situated on the special borderland between Beibei town and Jinyun Mountain,which is a national beauty spot and natural conservation region.In order to conserve the ecological environment of JinYun Mountain,prevent the excessive development,and promote sustainable progress of the residential area,it is suggested in this article that an ecological sustainable residential area should be designed for this area. Then this paper puts emphasis on the design strategies in following three parts:(i) protecting ecological environment,(ii) providing healthy building environment,and(iii) enhancing building energy efficiency.     

Innovation and Development in Modular Industrialised Housing

The total requirement for affordable new housing in the world is extremely large, and in many countries presents major challenges to local building industries which-if they continue to use traditional building methods-will be unable to supply what is needed in terms of quantity, quality, performance or cost. In Europe, since the end of the Second World War, there have been numerous attempts to mass produce housing-mainly in order to build faster, overcome skills shortages and cut costs. The majority of those methods were based on the use of concrete and, for a variety of reasons, in the UK many of them performed badly [almost half the concrete tower blocks built in Britain the 1960s and 70s have already been demolished or are scheduled for demolition]. In the mid 1970's the Greater London Council [GLC]-already disenchanted by their experience of precast concrete building methods-experimented with volumetric/modular steel housing, and built a demonstration block of modular flats in the Borough of Hackney. The results were highly encouraging, but the programme was terminated when the GLC was closed down. However, that modular housing work attracted the attention of several large hotel chains that then used modular building techniques to construct several hundred budget price hotels in the UK. Today attitudes towards modular building methods have changed considerably, particularly among major developers. Most new hotels now incorporate pod bathrooms and large numbers of university students are being accommodated in new modular halls of residence. New material combinations and module production techniques have further increased the many advantages offered by modular construction, particularly in terms of higher acoustic performance and lower cost. The success of recent high profile modular housing projects in the UK and other EC countries bodes well for modular housing in Europe, and the PATH advanced housing technology initiative in the USA suggests modular is also poised to take off there in a big way. Modular housing could soon become a major international industry.     

Control System of Construction Quality of Building Engineering

Through construction market survey, the paper proposes the way of the control system of construction quality of building engineering and establishes objective system of its on becoming core of quality control spot. It puts forward many grade control and evaluation net and expounds the method to produce quality evaluation form, control system of quality ordinary question and quality analysis. It determines technology way and movement foundation on system development. The paper introduces the model and its function on the control system of construction quality of building engineering. This system is a opening system, it may be filled and complemented with new content at any time. It has better adaptable to change of construction code.     

Designing Small Building:A Case Study of Design Plan for Yingshan Reception Center

Taking the design plan for Yingshan Reception Center in Jiawang District,Xuzhou City for example,the paper explores the ways of designing small special buildings in mountainous areas.Regional cultures and humanistic concern are combined to study design of small building from the perspectives of site,form,space,material,low technology and ecological strategies,and to explore a way of designing primitive civil architecture that is comfortable,livable and able to integrate into local environment.     

Analysis of Construction Risk for Water Piers and Foundations with Double-wall Steel Cofferdam Based on the Fuzzy Fault Tree Theory

Construction risk for water piers and foundations with double-wall steel cofferdam was analyzed by the fuzzy fault tree theory. An evaluation method of construction risk for water piers and foundations with double-wall steel cofferdam was proposed. Fuzzy fault tree of construction risk for water piers and foundations with double-wall steel cofferdam was established based on Yingwuzhou Yangtze River Bridge. 31 bottom events were considered in fuzzy fault tree model according to 2 water pier and foundation with double-wall steel cofferdam. Key process of construction risk was obtained and risk prevention measures were proposed.Results showed that fuzzy number of construction risk probability for water piers and foundations with double-wall steel cofferdam was(0.05015,0.05278,0.05542). Construction risk of 2 water pier was highest. And weld leakage, pile broken and sand boiling were the key processes with higher construction risk. There fore appropriate prevention measures would be taken to reduce the construction risk for water piers and foundations with double-wall steel cofferdam.     

A forward algorithm for prestressed construction process of large-span suspendome based on the equivalent pre-tension

To accurately simulate prestressed construction process of large-span suspendome, the initial state of construction process according to practical construction sequence is established, and the construction mechanical analysis for prestressed construction process is especially studied. Features of prestressed construction process of large-span suspendome are summarized, and the insufficiencies of the application of state variable superposition method, back analysis method, birth and death element method are analyzed. Combined with nonlinear finite element analysis method, forward algorithm for prestressed construction process based on the equivalent pre-tension is proposed, and the specific application method and procedure are given. Changzhou stadium steel roof engineering is taken as an example to verify the practicability and applicability of forward algorithm for prestressed construction process. The conclusion is that, using forward algorithm for prestressed construction process based on the equivalent pre-tension, the structure state of each construction phase can be accurately tracked, and the nonlinear contact of strut and rigid framework, interactive impact of cable force, conversion of temporary structure system, and structural geometric nonlinearity can be comprehensively considered.     

农业科技期刊应重视以效益为核心的发展观

针对中国农业科技期刊发展中存在的问题：经营亏损的多,赢利的少。提出科技期刊应改变经营理念,遵循市场规律办刊,按照科学发展观的要求,树立以效益为核心的发展观,优化出版物内容,重视品牌建设,树立为读者服务意识和市场经营意识,重视和加强期刊发行工作,科学经营广告,改变过去农业科技期刊出版不重视经济效益的所谓高学术水平,低经济效益的粗放型增长模式,争取实现经济效益和社会效益的共同提高,使农业科技期刊出版走上良性发展轨道。     

新疆科技创新中的知识产权问题研究

为全面、系统、科学、真实地反映新疆科技创新中的知识产权发展现状及存在的问题,提出符合新疆实际的科技创新中的知识产权创造、管理、保护以及应用对策措施,笔者立足于省内外及新疆科技领域的发展趋势及其与知识产权的关系,运用科学的理论和方法以及现有研究成果,从理论的高度创新性地提出科技创新中知识产权竞争力的概念、内涵,通过分析和评价,深入研究新疆科技创新中知识产权现状、问题、思路、目标和对策措施。研究发现新疆科技创新中的知识产权状况与推进自主创新、建设创新型新疆的要求相比还存在诸多需要解决的问题,据此提出了实现新疆科技创新中的知识产权的战略目标和重点,并制定出创新科技管理体制机制、实现知识产权创新重大突破、加快企业技术创新能力建设、组织实施重大科技专项、加强科技创新平台建设等对策建议。     

Studies on Information Network of Quality Management in Building Engineering

With improvement of construction management and development of computer and network technologies, network technologies are being widely applied in building engineering. This paper discusses how to apply database technology and network technology to design and develop information network systems of building engineering and combine the advanced management methods with computer network technology to share the quality information in construction industry. The solution given by this paper is useful and can be extended to and used in other systems.     

The Construction Proposals and Construction Technology of Steel Plate Pile Cofferdam of Off-shore Pumping House for the Highest Foundation in Asia

This paper described in detail the construction proposals and construction technology of steel plate pile cofferdam used for the construction of off-shore pumping house of the highest foundation in Asia, as well as the construction method and technical analysis of treatment of 'exposed foot' of steel plate pile cofferdam.     

Development of Assembly-Type RC Structure and Building Industrialization

Based on the analysis of the status of building construction in China, the development of Assembled Structure System (ASS) can solve not only the problems in construction, but also is the key for realization of building industrialization. On the basis of technique innovations, a study on the structural performance, construction method and precast production of ASS should be carried out to inherit the old one and overcome its demerits. The process reengineering should be done in the construction enterprise to promote the development of building industrialization.     

Earthquake of Steel Frames-the Seismic Performance of Composite Structural Systems of Concrete Core wall

The steel fame-concrete core wall combination of structural system is outside the framework with steel inner cylinder with concrete shear wall, steel frame-concrete inside the tube system. In this paper ,the finite element software ANSYS earthquake seismic response analysis and stability analysis, the 25-story steel frame-concrete core wall combination of structural system data results show that the structural system performance than the purity steel framework structure is superior.