适应扩大的消费需求 加快发展农产品加工业

市场需求决定于消费需求。农产品加工业自身的发展需要消费的拉动。随着我国国民经济持续、快速、健康的发展,人民经济收入的增长,生活水平的提高,以及我国工业化、城镇化进程的加快,我国城乡居民对农产品加工品的需求将发生重大变化,呈上升的发展趋势,这将有力地推动农产品加工业的发展。     

Relationship between Development of Landscape Architecture and Urban Ecological Economy

Landscape architecture industry throughout decades of rapid development has made great contributions to national environment, improvement of city and ecological conditions. Against the background of worldwide economic depression, increasing national investment, it is advocated that more investments should be input for the landscape architecture industry, and special funds set for the industry. Park and garden construction echoes with the country and people's needs for environmental beautification, ecological improvement, preservation of natural resources and sustainable development, so as to obtain the most ecological benefi ts and social benefi ts with the least input, and create beautiful living environment, as well as long-term and sustainable economic benefi ts.     

Life Sciences and Human Capital: Jobless Growth on Specialised and Local Labour Markets?

Policy makers and scholars often regard the life science industry in general, and bio‐technology in particular, as an engine of future economic growth. The expectation is that growth in the industry will ultimately provide a major boost to national employment numbers. However, in this paper, I find that the Swedish life science industry (encompassing pharmaceutical, bio‐technology, and medical technology firms) accounts for only a small proportion of total employment in Sweden. Given the recent discussion on jobless growth (i.e., economic growth without employment growth), it is here argued that focusing on employment is not necessarily the best policy approach to assessing the impacts of the life science industry on the overall economy. This paper maps and analyses the scope, structure, and geography of the life science industry and its workforce in Sweden using a unique set of data covering approximately 1,200 firms and 53,000 employees. The industry's workforce has education and income levels significantly higher than national averages, and is heavily concentrated in larger metropolitan areas and major university cities. Despite employing relatively few people and being more or less dependent on the existence and success of a few major pharmaceutical firms, the industry may still have a significant impact on the national economy by engendering high levels of education, income, and export revenues, particularly in specific regions.     

后旅游扶贫时代的乡村旅游探析

旅游业作为第三产业的领军行业,已逐渐显示出它在国民经济增长中的巨大作用。随着中国工业化、城市化进程的发展,越来越多的人选择到乡村去旅游,这是人们释放心理压力、回归大自然的需求,因此乡村旅游发展异常迅速。乡村旅游可以促进当地经济发展,促使国民收入再分配,调整当地产业结构,提高农民生活水平,基于此,旅游扶贫成为政府和学者们研究的又一方向和课题。纵览大部分学者的研究成果,多是探讨了扶贫的意义、作用和战略等,也提到开发中应注意的一些问题,但是认为学者们多是研究旅游扶贫的前期问题,却忽略了一个问题,这就是：后旅游扶贫时代乡村旅游的发展。当农村居民脱贫致富之后,他们的消费观念将直接影响乡村旅游的发展。     

四川农业经济动态变化过程与发展惯性

随着四川农业经济结构调整和市场化推进,分析农业结构调整效果和竞争力变化,对评价四川农业经济增长质量动态变化有重要意义。对1998-2007年的四川农业及各部门GDP数据按相邻两年分组,利用份额-偏离分析模型,计算份额分量、结构分量和竞争分量,利用效果指数法,计算结构效果指数和竞争效果指数,对结果数据的时间序列变化进行讨论,然后用移动平均法和G（1,1）分析各项指标的发展惯性。结果表明：1998-2007年的四川农业经济增长质量动态变化具有不稳定性,其中2002年、2003年、2004年和2007年的综合质量最好,种植业和牧业是影响农业结构调整与竞争力提升的关键部门;2009年农业结构与竞争力可能都处于良性状态,2009～2012年的农业结构效果和竞争效果高于全国平均水平,并有缓慢增强趋势。     

Method of Gradual Advance for Town Development

The economical construction and development of China can't be separated from the development of rural economy.Due to appearance and development of rural enterprises,surplus labor force of rural areas was accepted, agricultural economy had been developed and farmers' income enhanced. The traditional agriculture had been reconstructed. The construction and development of small cities and towns are connected with the development of rural economy and accelerate the development of city economy. The construction of small cities and towns can have congregation effect and scale benefit. The industry structure of country will be optimized in whole, management cost will be cut down, energy consumption will be reduced, pollution will be lowered and labor productivity will be increased. In this paper, the importance of town construction in economic development of China is elaborated. The achievement and problem in town construction are summarized. A method of gradual advance for town development is put forward and the problems that must be handled in town development are pointed out.     

A Study on Evaluation of Economy of Commodity Housing

The housing industry, as a new economy growth point and hot point of consumption in our national economy, has huge potentials for its development. Because of the underdevelopment of the commodity housing market in our country, there are some unhealthy tendencies, such as low level of development, poor quality of housing, waste of resources, large deviation between housing function and its price, and so on. So there is urgent need to take measures for avoiding these unhealthy phenomena. It is one of the strongest measures to evaluate the economy of the commodity housing. In this paper the meaning, principle and method of the evaluation on economy of the commodity housing were discussed. It will play a positive role to promote spreading this work.     

Deregulation in the Electric Utility Industry: Excess Capacity and the Transition to a Long‐Run Competitive Market

ABSTRACT Existing analyses of electricity deregulation have focused on situations where horizontal market power is present. This paper instead evaluates a market where a competitive outcome is more likely. Competitive market supply and demand curves for electricity have been simulated for a twenty‐state region. These simulated supply and demand curves are used to predict short‐run and long‐run prices for electric power. Many consumers will see a drop in the portion of their electric bills accounted for by the current economic costs of supplying them with electricity. Adjustments to consumers’ bills for stranded cost recovery will be determined by legislators and regulators on a state‐by‐state and utility‐by‐utility basis. Because of excess capacity that currently exists in the industry, the decline in prices will be greater in the short run than in the long run.     

Making a living on Flores,Indonesia: Why understanding surplus distribution is crucial to economic development

Donors and aid agencies are now looking to strategies of pro‐poor economic growth to raise living standards in developing countries. I critically examine how particular conceptualisations of economy and economic development shape the broader context within which pro‐poor growth approaches are implemented by governments and development agencies. While pro‐poor growth may expand a national economy, surplus will be distributed in a community and among individuals according to culturally specific logics. To exemplify this point I discuss the community economy of Bomolo on the remote, rural island of Flores, Indonesia. The Ngadha people of Bomolo are identified by the Indonesian state, religious organisations and development agencies as lacking and in need of economic development. Yet in Bomolo, gambling, although illegal and antithetical to development, is fantastically popular, and large amounts of cash surplus are spent on this popular pastime. I argue for more attention to the issue of surplus – the outcome of pro‐poor growth. In particular, I propose that surplus distribution is a crucial yet underdeveloped component of the growth equation.     

对渭河流域区产业结构调整与农民增收的思考与建议

渭河流域是陕西和甘肃两省经济核心区，如何结合当地资源运用市场经济杠杆确定区内主导产业，做好产业结构调整，实现农民增收与经济可持续发展是目前面临的主要问题，笔者根据近十年工作实践，就上述问题提出建议。     

信息化建设与经济增长关系的实证研究

本文以顺义区为例,利用修正的柯布-道格拉斯生产函数和现代计量方法分析资金、劳动力和信息技术进步这三个生产要素对区域经济增长的贡献和影响,并对顺义区经济增长的稳定性进行了验证。结果表明信息化建设对地区经济增长具有显著的推动作用,能有效促进当地经济的增长。     

奋战"十二五"开创绿色节能保鲜新时代

从我国农产品采后流通领域产品及技术现状出发,分析了生鲜农产品保鲜产业在国民经济发展中的重要作用,阐述了我国农产品贮运保鲜产业"十二五"期间的工作重点.     

经济林产业巩固拓展脱贫成效的政策探讨

研究旨在总结经济林产业扶贫的主要成效,发现问题,提出发挥经济林产业巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成效重要作用的政策建议。通过数据收集分析和对山西、四川和云南3省6县的实地调研发现,经济林产业扶贫成效显著,成为农民收入的主要来源,促进了农民就业和美丽乡村建设。然而,脱贫地区的经济林产业还存在规划落实不到位、栽培品种混杂、管理措施粗放、加工存储产业滞后和科技支撑力度不够等突出问题。针对以上问题,从加强对经济林产业的宏观指导、强化科技支撑和技术推广、积极拓展林业产业政策、提升产业发展的组织化品牌化水平和积极培育流通体系等方面提出建议,为更好发展林业特色产业、巩固拓展脱贫攻坚成效、全面推进乡村振兴提供政策参考。     

果树循环经济生态栽培体系构建的研究分析

发展生态农业,实现可持续发展,是我国农业未来的主要方向。本文针对果树生产现状中存在的主要问题,提出了果树循环经济生态栽培体系的构建思路和可行性,结合我国实情开展了果树生态栽培与循环体系的建立与链接的研究与分析,提出了以果树产业为龙头,以牧草（市场）为纽带,通过延伸产业链条,将加工工程技术、废弃物资源利用纳入果树产业的循环系统的模式构建,分析了应用果树循环经济生态栽培体系循环模式产生的经济效益、生态效益和社会效益。     

The Direct and Indirect (Spillover) Effects of Productive Government Spending on State Economic Growth

Using data on 48 contiguous U.S. states and a spatial econometric approach, this paper examines short‐ and long‐run effects of productive higher education and highway infrastructure spending financed by different revenue sources on state economic growth. Following the Lagrange Multiplier, Wald, and Likelihood Ratio tests, the data are found to be characterized by both spatial lag and spatial error processes, leading to the estimation of a dynamic spatial Durbin model. By decomposing results of the dynamic spatial Durbin model into short‐ and long‐run direct as well as indirect (spillover) effects, we show that accounting for spillover effects provides a more comprehensive approach to uncovering the effects of productive government spending on growth. We find that, regardless of the financing source, productive higher education and highway spending have statistically significant short‐ and long‐run direct as well as spillover effects on state income growth.     

四川烟叶产业SWOT分析及发展策略研究

为明确四川烟叶产业在炙热化市场竞争中的情况,打造四川烟叶产业的核心竞争力,推进四川烟叶可持续发展,运用SWOT模型经济学方法,从影响竞争力的各主要要素进行分析,剖析四川烟叶产业的竞争力情况。结果表明四川烟叶产业具有自然资源、基础设施、品种与生产力的优势,同时指出四川烟叶存在生产技术落后、烟叶质量欠佳、服务体系不完善等问题。通过构建SWOT矩阵,针对性提出提高四川烟叶产业市场核心竞争力的发展策略,为四川烟叶产业在新一轮的发展中提供参考。从SWOT经济学分析的方法可以看出四川烟叶产业发展基础良好,提高核心竞争力的各项条件具备,且实际操作切实可行。     

生态林业在发展农垦质量效益农业中的地位与作用

为了科学评价生态林业在发展农垦质量效益农业中的地位和作用,总结出服务于大农业的生态林业发展对策,通过分类设立重点农场进行调查,数据对比和分析得出：由于农田防护林的庇护使小麦平均增产15.4%,大豆平均增产14.7%;营造水源涵养林和水土保持林按一个周期计算,投入产出比达1:12;用同样的耕地发展苗圃的利润比农业高十倍;沙化瘠薄耕地退耕还林可转亏为盈;通过兴办家庭林场,发展生态经济型林业,实现农场增效、职工增收。并针对完善生态林业提出了四大工程和发展对策。通过对比、分析得出生态林业体系建设为发展质量效益农业奠定了基础,并使林业产业逐渐成为新的经济增长点,在质量效益农业、安置就业、培育新的经济增长点等方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。     

甘薯国家地理标志的保护现状与发展对策

为了促进甘薯地理标志产业和农业经济发展,对中国甘薯地理标志数量、保护范围、品种种类、专用标志使用现状以及产业现状进行统计分析。结果表明：（1）截至2020年12月31日,共有49种甘薯产品成为国家地理标志产品,分别产于河南、四川、山东等15个省份;（2）在所有甘薯国家地理标志产品中只有铜仁红薯粉丝的保护范围是以地级市级为单位,而其他甘薯地标产品的保护范围均以县（县级市）级或乡（镇）级为单位;（3）在这些甘薯国家地理标志产品中一部分是现有育成品种,而另一部分则为当地传统品种;（4）截至2020年底,共有18家企业已被国家质检总局核准可使用甘薯“地理标志产品专用标志”;（5）甘薯地标产业在中国逐渐发展起来,但仍然存在着一些问题。根据现状所提出的发展对策：（1）强化育种利用;（2）建立国家质量标准;（3）加强原产地保护;（4）规范使用专用标志;（5）打造知名品牌。本研究将为推进中国甘薯地理标志的保护以及产业经济发展提供参考。     

四川高粱良种繁育存在的问题与对策探讨

本文对四川高粱产业发展与品种利用现状做了评述。通过对四川高粱品种繁育中存在的常规高粱品种选育滞后于杂交高粱品种选育、高粱良种繁育体系建设滞后、高粱良种繁育基地建设滞后,不适应新形势发展的分析,提出了四川发展高粱产业的当务之急是及时完善高粱良种繁育基地建设规划、加大对高粱良种繁育基地建设的投入,加大对高粱新品种选育、推广的投入等建议。