超级稻组合对比试验分析

选取7个超级稻组合,以特优63为对照,开展双季晚稻超级稻组合品比试验,初步筛选出产量和综合性状较好且适宜当地种植的超级稻组合,其中甬优6号、D奇宝优527、特优航1号、两优培九、Ⅱ优航2号等4个组合均可作为晚稻主推组合进行示范推广;Ⅱ优航1号、Ⅱ优1273可作为双季晚稻超级稻组合进行搭配种植.     

富优3号、富优4号、富优6号与博Ⅲ优273

富优3号 　　该品种丰产性好,品质优,生育期适宜,适宜于一季中稻区和南方早晚稻区引种、试种. 　　在四川作中稻全生育约149d,在广西作早、晚稻约120d.株高约110cm,穗长24cm,穗着粒152.5粒,结实率89%,千粒重约26g.2002年参加云南省水稻区试,居参试品种第一位,平均单产9976.5kg/bm2,较对照汕优63增产14.01%,其中在宾川试验点产量达14925.0kg/bm2,较对照增产达21.34%.2002年参加广西水稻晚稻组区试,较对照特优63增产6.7%,位居第一;2003年参加广西早稻组区试,名列第一,较对照特优63增产8.1%.……     

漳州市晚稻新组合区试结果与分析

12个晚稻新品种(组合)参加漳州市2003年晚稻新品种(组合)区域试验,试验结果经综合分析,表现较好的品种(组合)有特优103、特优6355和博优253,均比对照种汕优63增产,并达极显著水平。     

福建省尤溪县良种生化研究所可供品种种子简表

名称类型简介 D702优多系1号优质高产抗病杂交稻 (中迟熟) 中迟熟基本营养型杂交稻,中晚稻兼用.作中稻全生育期139天,作双晚全生育期127天.一般亩产550～650 kg.稻米外观和加工品质优于汕优63,口感好,有五项指标达部颁优质米一级标准,四项指标达优质米二级标准.抗稻瘟病.适宜汕优63、特优和D297优系列组合种植的地方栽培. D702优527 优质高产抗病杂交稻 (中迟熟) 全生育期比汕优63长2天.三明市杂优双晚区试,平均每667 m2产量483.33 kg,米质和外观优,口感好,有7项指标达部颁优质米一级标准,4项指标达优质米二级标准.拟作为汕优63、特优和D297优系列组合接班组合. D优68 优质高产抗病杂交稻 (中迟熟) 作单晚全生育期142天,作双晚全生育期127天.米质优,口感好,精米率72.3%,整精米率56.8%.适宜作中稻和单季晚稻和闽南双晚栽培. D优527 优质高产杂交稻 (中迟熟) 全生育期142天,适宜作中稻和单季晚稻及闽南双晚栽培.集优质、高产、抗病于一体、综合性状突出.一般亩产600～650 kg. Ⅱ优6号亚种间重穗型杂交稻 (中迟熟) 中晚稻兼用,生育期比汕优63长2～3天,优质、高产、抗病.穗大粒多,千粒重大,产量高,米质优,抗性强,后期转色好.1999年在尤溪西城镇麻洋村和洋中镇后楼村作再生稻栽培示范,头季稻和后季稻两季单产分别达1112 kg、1016.6 kg. D宝优6号亚种间超级稻 (中迟熟) 全生育期与汕优63相当,中晚稻兼用,作单季稻栽培,增产尤为显著.一般亩产550～650 kg.米质好,中抗稻瘟病. D奇宝优1号亚种间杂交稻 (中迟熟) 全生育期要比汕优63短4～5天,故适宜作烟后作和望天田栽培.1998年参加三明市双晚杂优组合区试,平均亩产478.2 kg. 以上品种种子价格面议. 联系电话:(0598)6483073,6483444,13806967730 联系地址:福建省尤溪县管前新街168号,邮编 365116.     

准两优527最佳播种期研究

2004年在湖南娄底进行了准两优527播种期试验,探讨了5个播期对准两优527的生育期、株高、茎蘖动态、产量和产量构成因素的影响.结果表明,准两优527作中稻栽培以4月中旬播种较为适宜,作一季晚稻栽培以5月中旬播种较为适宜.     

优质杂交稻新组合——准两优527

准两优527系湖南杂交水稻研究中心,四川农业大学水稻研究所用准S与蜀恢527配组育成的优质杂交稻新组合,2005年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定。2006年,福建省南安市引进该组合在美林街道玉叶村,溪洲村作晚稻种植,在梧山村、丘洋村作早稻种植,经过试验示范种植,该组合表现高产、稳产性好,熟期适中等特点,可作南安市优质稻主推品种之一。品种特性丰产性好:准两优527试种,平均产量600 kg/667m2,比对照汕优63平均产量542 kg/667m2,增产58 kg/667m2,增产9·6%。生育期适中:作早稻种植,全生育期134 d左右,作晚稻种植,全生育期139 d左右。农艺…     

泉州市晚杂优新组合区试结果分析

晚杂优占泉州市晚稻播种面积的 5 0 %左右 ,目前主要以特优 6 3、特优 70等特优系列组合当家。在生产实践中 ,特优组合表现出杂种优势强、产量高等优点 ,但同时也存在着米质差、种子纯度不稳定等问题。为筛选出优质、高产、抗病的杂交晚稻接班组合供生产上应用 ,以推进泉州市晚稻优质与良种化进程 ,2 0 0 1年晚季泉州市种子管理站引进Ⅱ优航 1号等 18个杂交稻新组合进行区域试验 ,现将试验过程及结果总结分析如下。1　材料与方法1 1　参试组合参试组合为福建省农科院稻麦研究所、福建农林大学遗传所、泉州市农科所等单位提供 ,具体见表 1。1…     

武平县2012年杂交晚稻品种比较试验初报

通过引进10个杂交晚稻品种在武平县进行比较试验,结果初步认为:川优2189、深优959、特优125、Y两优646、中浙优1号表现产量高,综合性状好,适宜在武平县种植。     

兴宾区超级稻大面积连片示范表现及高产栽培技术

介绍了2010—2011年超级早稻新两优6380、特优航1号和晚稻珞优8号、五优308在来宾市兴宾区大面积连片种植的示范表现,并从早晚稻品种合理搭配、培育壮秧、合理密植、科学灌溉、配方施肥、稻草还田和病虫害防治等方面总结了其超高产栽培技术。     

超级稻组合品比试验小结序号

近些年来,各地水稻育种部门相继育成一批超高产杂交水稻组合,2004年晚季由龙岩市农技站提供11个超级稻新组合,安排在漳平市西元乡遂林村进行对比试验,通过对比以寻求适合当地种植的组合。1材料与方法1.1试验材料特优航1号、II优明86、特优175、特优898、两优培九、培矮64S/E32、协优9308、II优362、特优13、准两优527、特优337等11个组合。1.2试验概况试验采用湿润育秧,统一于6月26日播种、7月26日插秧。小区采用随机区组排列,3次重复,计33个小区。每个小区面积15.4m2(2.2m×7m),试验田地土质为灰泥田,前作早稻,肥力水平较高。试验田下基…     

Preparation and characterization of fibers of waste and fresh polyethylene terephtalate and mixtures of them

Textile fibers were obtained from secondary polyethylene terephtalate (PET) and its mixtures with primary PET at initial orientation of 18000–33000 %, rate of additional orientation drawing 3.5–6.5 times and temperature of thermal fixation 363–413 K. The fibers’ tensile strength was found to decrease and elongation at break to increase with the decrease of their linear density under the conditions of fibers formation. For the fibers based on polymer mixtures, the presence of oxidized fragments in the secondary PET limited the compatibility of the two polymers which resulted in deteriorated tensile properties. The linear density (4–16 dtex), tensile strength (30–50 cN/tex) and elongation at break (20–60 %) of the PET fibers obtained were close to these for the industrially produced polymer fibers. The values of the average diameter of the fibers formed and oriented under laboratory conditions allows classifying them between the fine and the coarse textile fibers which makes them suitable for the textile industry.     

Characteristics of photosynthesis and conductance of potato canopies and the effects of cultivars and transient drought

Gas-exchange characteristics of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) canopies were determined with crop enclosures under condition of optimal water supply, during soil water depletion, and during recovery from drought-stress. The plants were grown under a rainshelter in large containers with 2-m² surface area. Control plants received water throughout the growth period. In Expt. 1, transient drought was imposed by interrupting water supply completely for 22 days. During the 33-day period of drought treatment in Expt. 2, the stressed plants received half the amount of water that was given to the control plants (irrigations 2–3 times per week).

During soil water depletion, stomatal conductance of the canopy was reduced earlier and more than photosynthesis. This resulted in a lower internal carbon dioxide concentration in the leaves of stressed plants and a higher ratio between photosynthesis and stomatal conductance. The value of that ratio increased as soil water potential dropped.

Water-use efficiency ( ) increased during drought stress. The cultivar Bintje showed a larger ratio between photosynthesis and stomatal conductance of the canopy and a higher than cv. Saturna, both for optimal water supply and during drought stress.

Photosynthesis and conductance of the canopy started to recover immediately upon rewatering, even when relative values had declined to 20–30% during the preceding stress period. After release from stress, the leaves in the top layer of the canopy had a higher stomatal conductance in treated plants than in control plants.     

我国麻类标准现状与分析

介绍了我国麻类标准的现状。通过分析,指出了存在的问题,主要表现在标准体系不完善、标准更新不及时,协调性差及贯彻执行不力等。提出了我国麻类标准应采取的对策。     

水稻病虫害绿色防控与统防统治融合技术模式示范

2017—2018年,在同安镇粮食产能区示范推广水稻病虫害绿色防控与统防统治融合技术模式,取得了显著成效。融合技术示范区比常规区减少用药2~3次,用药量减少37.6%,防治成本降低400元/hm^2;水稻产量增加12.8%,收益增加2 835元/hm^2。     

Effects of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation on Growth and Quality of Cucumber and Lettuce

Summary

Arbuscular mycorrhizae were inoculated into phosphorus-deficient soil fertilized with either organic or chemical fertilizer with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) as the first crop and lettuce (Lactu-ca sativa L.) as the second crop but without additional fertilization and AM inoculation. AM increased dry matter and fruit yield of cucumber significantly in the unfertilized, organic-fertilized and P-deficient plants compared with the fully chemical-fertilized plants. AM inoculation increased the available phosphorus in plant and soil by around 30% for all treatments except for those chemically-fertilized. The rate of AM infection did not differ significantly among the fertilization treatments, but the infection intensity was higher in unfertilized, organic-fertilized and phosphorus-deficient treatments than chemical-fertilized treatment. The residual effects of AM-inoculated to cucumber were evident for lettuce in all pre-treatments that were unfertilized and un-inoculated for the second cropping. Without P-fertilization, neither crop could grow optimally even when the soil was inoculated with AM, suggesting that AM could not serve as a substitute for phosphorus fertilizer. However, the other beneficial effects of AM on crop growth and yield could not be fulfilled with phosphorus fertilizer.     

热区蔬菜质量安全分析与评价

对影响我国热区主要蔬菜产前、产中、产后的质量安全相关因素与现状进行调研,获取基础数据与有关信息。对比分析国内不同生产区质量安全存在的差异与差距,研究我国热区蔬菜从生产至市场各个环节的质量安全评价方法,提出建立我国热区蔬菜质量安全评价体系方案。     

棉花病虫全程绿色防控技术应用与推广

经过多年实践,探索总结出抗病虫品种、频振式太阳能杀虫灯、糖盆诱蛾、黄蓝板诱虫、生物多样性控虫等绿色防控技术,形成了切合库尔勒实际的棉花病虫全程绿色防控技术模式。介绍了上述技术措施及其在当地棉田的推广应用效果。     

生物质能作物——甘薯开发利用现状及趋势

甘薯是世界上重要的粮食、饲料、工业原料及新型能源用块根作物，在我国乃至世界再生能源开发中起到重大作用，其分布地域广，适应性强，沙荒地、岗坡地均可种植。生物产量高，而且种植栽培容易。甘薯含淀粉15％～30％，晒干率20％～35％，世界各国以薯干或淀粉为原料生产乙醇有着悠久的历史。随着全球能源的日趋紧张，乙醇作为一种可再生的环保燃料．将快速步入全球成品油市场，在替代汽油供应方面起到越来越大的作用。各国正在推行或制定燃料乙醇计划，并着眼于生物燃料乙醇应用方案，认为甘薯可能是摆脱将来粮食和能源危机的“最后一张王牌”。     

海南百香果病虫害种类调查鉴定及其发生危害

百香果是海南省的新兴产业,也是我国多个省区扶贫攻坚的重要产业。病虫害是影响百香果产业的重要因素,随着海南百香果种植面积越来越大,病虫害对百香果产业的不利影响越来越凸显。由于缺乏百香果病虫害种类调查鉴定的基础性研究,许多种植户对田间发生的病虫害种类识别不足,从而影响了百香果病虫害的防控效果。为了摸清海南百香果种植区的病虫害种类,于2019—2021年对海南省儋州市、乐东县、屯昌县、文昌市、三亚市、东方市、保亭县、白沙县、海口市等百香果种植区的病虫害进行了系统调查与鉴定,并对其发生危害特点进行了研究。鉴定发现海南百香果种植区的病害有11种,分别是病毒病、茎基腐病、炭疽病、疮痂病、疫病、灰霉病、果腐病、褐斑病、烟煤病、藻斑病和缺镁。重要病害为病毒病和茎基腐病,危害程度分别为4级和3级,炭疽病和疮痂病危害也较重,危害程度均为2级,其他病害危害较轻。害虫有28种,分别是黄胸蓟马、茶黄蓟马、红带蓟马、美洲棘蓟马、普通大蓟马、咖啡木蠹蛾、美洲斑潜蝇、橘小实蝇、斜纹夜蛾、双线盗毒蛾、绿丽刺蛾、白带锯蛱蝶、烟粉虱、温室白粉虱、柑橘粉蚧、木槿曼粉蚧、藤壶蜡蚧、茶角盲蝽、樟颈曼盲蝽、稻绿蝽、中稻缘蝽、茶小绿叶蝉、丽球瓢蜡蝉、绿鳞象甲、眼斑芫菁、白条豆芫菁、甘薯梳龟甲和朱砂叶螨。重要害虫为黄胸蓟马和咖啡木蠹蛾,危害程度均为3级,茶黄蓟马和美洲斑潜蝇的危害也较重,危害程度均为2级,其他害虫危害较轻。软体动物3种,分别是灰巴蜗牛、同型巴蜗牛和一种尚未鉴定的蛞蝓。本研究明确了海南百香果种植区病虫害具体种类,新发现百香果病害1种和害虫24种,为海南百香果病虫害的精准防控提供技术支撑。     

云南省"双高"甘蔗生产与发展

从自然生产条件、龙头企业状况和产业经济效益3方面论述了云南省“双高”甘蔗发展的优势条件.分析了现阶段“双高”甘蔗发展中存在的主要问题,即甘蔗产业科技落后、蔗园建设投入不足、加工企业规模较小,产品单一.从“双高”甘蔗优势产业带建设,甘蔗种子工程体系,“双高”甘蔗科技、甘蔗产业化经营发展与科技培训等方面提出了“双高”甘蔗发展的建议和措施.