基于社交网络数据的白云山国家森林公园游客行为模式研究

以白云山国家森林公园为研究对象,新浪微博社交网络数据为资料来源,运用ROST6.0信息挖掘软件对其客源地、移动模式及偏好进行分析,以及就游客满意度评价进行情感探测和反映问题分析,结果表明:白云山国家森林公园客源以河南省内和临近河南省的省市游客为主。游客最喜欢的景点和事物依次是玉皇顶、云海、九龙瀑布等。在游客出行目的方面,游客主要以避暑和观光游览为目的出行。在游客移动模式方面,游客通过自驾或乘坐其他公共交通方式到达白云山,在景区内可选择步行、坐电瓶车、乘坐客运索道等多种移动方式进行游览。在游客出游时间方面,游客更喜欢夏季和秋季出行。游客总体上对白云山国家森林公园的印象是正面和积极的,同时反映出存在内部交通、环境卫生、管理服务、公共服务设施4个方面问题,据此提出提升策略,以期更好的促进其规划和发展。     

森林公园旅游资源和生态环境保护的探讨

从景观资源、生物资源及生态环境等方面阐述了森林公园旅游资源和生态环境保护重要性,进而提出根据功能区划制定管理、控制游客容纳量、加大宣传力度、加强法制建设等保护措施。     

西双版纳野象谷景区游客行为意识分析

选择与旅游活动最为相关的因素一游客作为研究对象,探讨游客选择野象谷景区作为旅游对象的行为意识。以客源地、年龄、受教育程度等游客基本特征和出游次数、出游方式和伙伴等游客旅游行为特征分析游客对景区的选择;以游客自我保护意识、对景区的要求以及游客希望采取的管理措施探讨游客的保护意识。以制作警示牌、加设高架栈道、聘请亚洲象跟踪人员等措施减少游客因观看亚洲象带来的危险。     

旅游景区游客信息系统设计与实现

大众旅游的持续推进,对旅游景区的服务、管理和营销提出了更高要求。针对现有的游客信息掌握少且不精准等问题,基于地理信息技术、移动定位技术,研究了游客分析相关关键技术,开发了旅游景区游客信息系统。该系统能够方便旅游景区识别热门子景点、绘制客流趋势、判断游客类型、统计消费数据、分析游客画像、区分游客来源地等,对于旅游景区合理调配人力物力资源、提供个性化服务、调整二次消费产品等具有重要参考意义。     

大熊山国家森林公园游客环境行为管理之调研

指出了游客行为对森林公园环境影响日益明显，加强游客环境行为管理，对森林公园优质环境的保持有着非常重要的意义，结合实地调研的数据从管理体制和管理能力两个层面分析了大熊山国家森林公园游客环境行为及其管理存在的突出问题，在此基础上从环境解说体系、环境氛围、设施设备、景区服务等方面提出了相应的优化建议。     

游客教育简介

该文首先给出了游客教育的基本概念,随后介绍了游客教育在诸如荒野之类的近似原始自然环境下的游憩地管理中的地位、游客教育研究的理论基础、游客教育的历史、内容、有效性与局限性以及游客教育的组成与有效性影响因子等,最后对游客教育的研究作了简评。     

东灵山风景区旅游资源开发利用探讨

为更好地开发利用风景区的旅游资源 ,对东灵山风景区开发过程中出现的旅游旺季游客过多、淡季游客少、草甸退化 ,环境污染等资源与环境等问题进行了分析。针对问题的成因 ,提出了相应的游客分流、生态环境保护、景区经营管理等可持续的发展对策     

漂流型景区游客容量控制研究

指出了现有旅游容量的控制研究多是停留在数学方法层面，缺乏容量控制系统的研究。针对漂流型景区的特殊性，提出了系统的容量控制模式，即实时容量控制与总容量控制结合对漂流型景区游客容量进行全方位管控。在系统容量控制模式的基础上，结合现有旅游容量相关研究成果的计算方法，针对漂流型景区特点作了改进和融合，使其更为适用和有效。     

基于游客体验视角的非物质文化遗产活态民俗村开发模式的IPA评价

基于对海南槟榔谷黎苗民俗文化旅游区的游客调查，采用IPA （重要度－绩效分析）方法探讨了游客对景区提供的产品各种属性的期望与管理绩效，13个属性被用于评价景区提供的产品质量。结果表明：绝大部分属性都落入了IP分析模型中的“继续保持”这一象限，表明活态民俗村开发模式是一种受到游客广泛认可的非物质文化遗产开发模式，游客对于槟榔谷景区提供的产品各项属性的认可度很高；落于“注意这里”象限的三个属性均与提供体验性与参与性活动有关，这意味着景区需要加强产品的体验性来提高游客的满意度。     

基于网络数据的洛阳市王城公园景观形象感知研究

以互联网络游客评论为数据来源,通过网络文本分析法,从词频分析、社会网络和语义分析、情感分析3个方面对洛阳市王城公园景观形象感知进行分析,以了解王城公园旅游地形象。结果表明,王城公园景观形象由空间场地、植物景观、景观设施和人文景观组成;游客感知由游客关注点、游客行为特征以及游客评价组成;游客对王城公园的整体感知印象较好,情感倾向以正面为主,负面情绪多集中在服务管理、景观设施和景观维护等方面。最后,基于为游客提供更优质的游憩体验,提出改善设施服务、提升互动体验、丰富景观内涵、加强高峰期与数字化的管理等优化建议。     

巴松错国家级森林公园旅游景区游客满意度调查分析

游客满意度作为反映森林公园竞争力以及游客需求的一项关键性指标,具有重要的研究意义.2009年10月及2010年5月采用问卷调查的方法对巴松错生态旅游景区的旅游资源、交通设施、旅游设施、导游服务、管理状况等方面进行了游客满意度调查,对调查结果进行了系统分析,结果表明,游客对景区旅游资源综合满意度较高,景区对厕所、垃圾筒、标牌等旅游设施管理不善。藉此提出了一些指导性建议.     

Research in the Design of Recreation Facilities

This paper reviews the contribution that systematic direct observationof visitor behaviour can make to the design of forest recreationareas. While observation can be used in the assessment of thefunction and management of sites, its major contribution willbe in re-ordering the layout of facilities. Burton's study ofCannock Chase led to interesting conclusions on the capacityof recreation areas, notably that peak use can best be accommodatedat heavily used areas. Greist's work in Maine is significantin suggesting theoretical developments in understanding recreationalbehaviour largely based on observation studies.     

京郊休闲果园游客满意度调查研究

随着北京郊区休闲果园的快速发展，客源市场的竞争日趋激烈，提高游客的满意度对于稳定客源市场、增强果园的竞争力具有十分重要的意义。笔者通过对到京郊休闲果园游玩的国内游客的问卷调查，分析了其社会人口学特征与其消费行为特征、满意度的关系，并在此基础上得出了相关结论，提出了提高果园游客满意度的一些建议。     

Estimating annual visitors flow in Daisetsuzan National Park,Japan: combining self-registration books and infrared trail traffic counters

Information on visitor flow is fundamental to the management of recreation areas. Without such data, recreation managers cannot develop appropriate action plans to maintain a healthy ecosystem and the quality of visitor experiences. Little attention has been paid in Japan on estimating the exact number of visitors to a facility, especially in multi-trailhead systems. A new study in Daisetsuzan National Park, northern Japan, develops a systematic method of estimating visitor flow in complicated trail systems using infrared trail traffic counters and self-registration books. The focus is on using self-registration data that has been underutilized in USA and European countries. Results show that the estimated number of trekkers, 124,000, is almost twice that estimated using only self-registration data, which is commonly adopted by recreation managers as an official number of trekkers. In addition, this method enables us to detect considerable time-series variations of trekker number on any specific trailhead and assists planning measures to combat overuse of segments of the trail system. However, characteristic of this method is that the estimators are biased, and always underestimates. And the smaller the number of visitors at a low-used trailhead, the larger the error is likely to be. Furthermore, an extremely high rate of one-way-trip trekkers on self-registration data invites a critical error. We must also draw attention to the flaws, when we implement this method.

Observance–Influence Analysis: A Case Study in a Forest Recreation Area

Importance–performance (I-P) analysis is a common evaluative measure in forest recreation management. However, concerns with I-P analysis have been raised. In this study, the observance–influence (O-I) analysis technique modified from I-P analysis was adapted for analysing the observance of various use and resource impacts by on-site visitors, and the influence that these impact conditions have on forest recreation area visitor experiences. During the summer and autumn of 2000, 476 Worak-san Forest National Park visitors in Korea were surveyed. The O-I grid generated from the survey data indicated that managers are doing a good job. The grid revealed most impacts clustering in the low priority concern and no concern quadrants. Impacts shown to be of most concern related to utility poles and power lines, poor maintenance of buildings, dead and dying trees, and discourteous behaviour. The O-I grid analysis model has considerable utility for park managers in analysing visitors’ perceptions of park impacts.     

Visitor preferences of thinning practice in young even-aged stands of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.): comparing the opinion of forestry professionals in six European countries

This study compared visitor preferences of forestry professionals across six European countries (Sweden, Denmark, Great Britain, Austria, Romania and Portugal) using a questionnaire survey. The 598 interviewees were asked to rank photographs depicting recently thinned experimental plots in a 13-year old stand of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) according to the criterion: “Which forest environment do you prefer as a visitor?” The plots represented five different residual stem densities: 7000 (no thinning, very high stem density), 5300 (heavy thinning, high stem density), 1000 (very heavy thinning, medium stem density), 300 (extremely heavy thinning, low stem density/open stand) and 100 (solitary trees, very low stem density/very open stand) stems ha^?1. The results indicated geographical variation in the preferences for different thinning practices in young stands of oak. Portuguese, Austrian and Romanian respondents generally favoured thinned, but dense stands, whereas Danish and British respondents preferred very heavily thinned stands. Swedish respondents preferred open stands resulting from extremely heavy thinning. Photographs taken along rows were favoured to photographs across rows, indicating a preference for scenes offering perspective and accessibility. The results indicate a variation of visitor preferences among forestry professionals for different silvicultural regimes. We interpret this in the context of national traditions and forestry paradigms that influence the shaping of preferences.     

黑龙江省观光农业的开发优势与发展对策

作为全国农业大省和北部边陲的黑龙江省,发展观光农业具有许多优势条件。分析了黑龙江省发展观光农业的自然资源优势、区位及客源市场优势、民俗民风优势、绿色食品和农业资源优势;同时根据黑龙江省观光农业的发展现状,提出了黑龙江省观光农业的发展对策。     

横头山国家森林公园旅游资源评价

旅游资源的评价是旅游开发的基础。在大量调查数据和资料的基础上,结合层次分析法和模糊计分法对横头山国家森林公园旅游资源进行评价与分析,构造矩阵确定森林公园各评价因子的权重系数;采用游客调查和专家判断相结合的方法,对各因子进行模糊计分,从而建立横头山国家森林公园旅游资源综合评价的指标体系和模糊评价的数学模型。评价结果为：横头山国家森林公园旅游资源评价的最终分值为7.1592,开发潜力为Ⅱ级。     

Economic assessment of use values of near-natural forestry compared with rotational forestry in Denmark

The present study is a cost-benefit analysis of converting the current rotational forestry (RF) of Norway spruce stand into near-natural forestry (NNF) of beech, based on two representative soil conditions and visitors popular case areas in Denmark, considering welfare economic values of timber, recreation provision, and groundwater recharge. The study answers the major research question of how large the welfare economic values of recreation and groundwater benefits of the conversion are as compared with timber benefits. The net present values (NPV) of the benefits were calculated for an infinite time horizon at a 3 % discount rate. The results reveal that converting into NNF would result in a NPV of at least 6,832 € ha^?1 from use values of recreation and water benefit on a site with good soil and a high visitor frequency, as is typical in the eastern part of Denmark. On a site in the west of the country, with poor growth conditions and a lower visitor frequency, the gain is still substantial, namely 5,581 € ha^?1. These benefits though come at a cost of 3,375 and 6,206 € ha^?1 from timber production, respectively. This means that the economic value of use values of recreation and water benefits outweighs the loss of timber on good soil conditions but not on poor soil conditions.     

Exploring visitors' willingness to pay to generate revenues for managing the National Elephant Conservation Center in Malaysia

Financial sustainability of protected areas is one of the main challenges of management. Financial self-sufficiency is an important element in improving conservation effort in these areas. This study seeks to review best practices in recreational fee systems in different countries and to find a relevant entry fee for a wildlife sanctuary in Malaysia. The revenue of the National Elephant Conservation Center (NECC) in Kuala Gandah, Malaysia, comes from several sources, including the national government, but all these budgetary sources are strained by tighter public budgets and greater demands. The present study investigates the introduction of visitor entrance fees to supplement an otherwise inadequate budget for supporting the operational costs of the sanctuary. Factor analysis and a double-bounded contingent valuation method were combined to estimate tourists' willingness to pay (WTP) the proposed entrance fee. Factor analysis showed that respondents' motivation to support the NECC with user fees is conditioned by their direct experiences with elephants, their satisfaction with NECC's educational programs and services, and other experiences it gives to users. The WTP model considered respondents' four motivation factors with their sociodemographic characteristics. Since NECC visitors arrive from both within and outside the country, this study suggests to center managers a two-tier fee structure (residents vs. nonresidents of Malaysia), based upon mean WTP estimates. This study further suggests that revenue from such an entrance fee for NECC could support the Center's management and development costs.