基于区块链技术的特色农产品质量供应链设计研究：以“门头沟京白梨”为例

针对不良经济活动导致特色农产品品牌严重受损、传统农产品质量追溯技术数据易被篡改等问题，研究设计基于区块链的质量供应链技术，有效发挥追溯技术在保障特色农产品质量供应链中的作用。本研究以“门头沟京白梨”为例，系统阐述北京市门头沟区‘京白梨’产业现状及特色农产品质量供应链存在的问题，分析区块链应用于特色农产品追溯的技术可行性。基于区块链技术分布式存储、去中心化和不可篡改性等特点，设计了“门头沟京白梨”质量安全可追溯体系的总体构架，基于区块链的技术架构，阐述了在种植、仓储、流通、消费和监管等环节质量信息全程记录和追溯管理的实现途径，以期为构建基于区块链的特色农产品质量安全追溯技术与实践提供支持。建立的特色农产品质量供应链体系，将会使特色农产品品牌和质量得到更加有效的保护、监督和管理。     

Design of Manufacturing System for Business

In the new environment, product development is the core of product innovation and quickly responsive to the market for the enterprises. The speed and effectiveness of development is the key factor to the success of product development. The design for business is the key technique in achieving the effectiveness of product development. And manufacturing system is the bridge between business and products. The design method of facing business is discussed, and the design flow and content of manufacturing system supporting facing business are pointed out. At the same time, the author also sets forth the construction definition, the construction design and the detailed design of the manufacturing system. So the design flow of manufacturing system facing business is established.     

Solid Model Design on the Features of Products

To research the problem of plastic art design and emulation of products with the virtual reality technology can short the product development cycle and reduce the cost. This paper discusses the information based on the product feature ,solid model with parameters, the structure and function of this system. Combined the product properties with its solid model. Proposed a method with CAD to create the model of the product based on features in the product design. Expressed its feature parameter and shape of model fully .In the case for a deceleration box the feature model has solved the problem of physical information ,geometry information and the informative process in its production management system efficiently.     

Development and Application of Computer Aided Roll Design System for Thread-steel-bar

Roll pass design is one of the important content of making the rolling technology of section steel.The traditional pass design relies mainly on artificial experience,which brings some tedious calculation and great consumption of raw materials.In order to improve production efficiency,the constitute and the design methods of the roll system for thread-steel-bar are analyzed during stretching,further rolling and finished rolling.The mathematical models and the(experience) formulas used for the roll design in the past are revised.The computer aided roll design system is developed for thread-steelbar based on the structural means of compiling program.The authors adopt Visual Basic6.0 as a visual program tool,and combine the basic design theory of the thread-steel-bar's roll and the practical experience.The system can shorten the design cycle of the new product development,and reduce the energy consumption of the rolling mill and the distribution of production.     

Dynamic Data Exchange for Collaborative Design Based on Internet

The dynamic data exchange is the key to the realization of the collaborative design based on Internet. The features of data for collaborative design based on Internet are analyzed. The data transformation, the data transmission and the data transaction of collaborative design based on Internet are researched. The system configuration and organization mode of dynamic data exchange for collaborative design Internet-based are developed, in which, STEP serves as the product data exchange standard, and ORACLE is the kernel database of the system, so that each of the CAD systems can synchronously access the ORACLE database, share and exchange the design information. The STEP-ORACLE serves as the organizing mode of dynamic data exchange for the collaborative design based on Internet, which realizes the real-time exchange and consistency of the dynamic data between the different platforms and CAD systems.     

Twisted Blade Virtual Design for Steam Turbine

Due to lack of estimation during initial stage of traditional physical design process for industry product, the efficiency of conduct development is low with high cost. A basic framework of twisted blade virtual design is set up based on the theory and method of product virtual design, and aiming at the thermodynamic process of middle or lower stage of steam turbine. The molding rule of twisted blade is found by thermodynamic computation program. The study of blade virtual design is carried through from 3-dimensional modeling to simulation test. The combination of thermal power theory, computer simulation technology and CAD system forms a kind of design method with the superiority such as high efficiency, low cost and good decidability is represented in the virtual design of turbine blade.     

Modular Design Base on Variety Theory

Variety Design not only support to short down development time, and cut down development cost, but also support to response marketing rapid, is a kind of modern design theory which apply on Mass Customization. In some way, Variety Design is a kind of design that integrates standard design and modular design, and Variety Design object is high cost and universal parts that among platform. The authors discuss the modular design role and the different between integral design, promote the method and the step of modular design, so change the low cost parts design, and give an new product based on the platform. Based on this model, they not only save the cost of develop new product, but also save time, achieve advantage which Mass produce process.     

Efficiency of product collaborative innovation design based on the attribute and matching task

The degrees that the design agent capacity matches the design task are an important factor affecting the efficiency of collaborative product innovation design. The classification and quantitative calculation of different types of design agent capacity combination is carried out after the characteristic of design agent is analyzed. An efficiency model whose goal is the shortest entire time is constructed based on the definition of task attribute,and then the solving method of efficiency model are designed based on particle swarm optimization algorithm. The collaborative product innovation design of cabin is taken as an example to prove that considering the matching agent attribute with task can shorten the design cycle and improve design efficiency.     

A CAD System for Extrusion Aluminum-type Materials

A classifying_coding system in point of extrusion aluminum_type materials based on the statistics and analysis of large numbers of extrusion aluminum_type materials section drawings.According to the Group Technology principle,using the variant design technique,a CAD system has been developed and used in a extrusion aluminum_type materials factory.The system can not only greatly shorten the products design time and reduce the product cost,but also rapidly retrieve extrusion aluminum_type materials section drawings.     

Engine Design Process Re-engineering with Design Relationship Matrix

Shortening lead time while maintaining product quality requires planning the design process carefully. A simple, flexible process-planning mechanism for engine design, the Design Relationship Matrix, is used to achieve it. The matrix represents functional as well as structureal velationships between major components to assure that design information is reliably transmitted through the design organization. An investigation of an engine's design process was made in an automobile manufacturer. The authors identified areas for improvement, and synthesized mechanisms to achieve those improvements.     

Concurrent Optimal Design for the Mechanical Product Accuracy and its Mathematical Model

A new method,the concurrent optimal design for the mechanical product accuracy is addressed presented, this method is very suitable to a concurrent engineering context. Differing from the convensional tolerance design method, this method establishes a direct link between product working accuracy and machining precision of the parts. Therefore, in the product design phase,the optimal machining tolerances which satisfy the product working accuracy can be determined. Using this method, the design and manufacturing time and cost can be enormously reduced and product quality can be guaranteed.     

Dynamic data exchange based on STEP-OODB for network-supported collaborative design

This paper analyzes the features of data for network-supported collaborative design, researches the data transformation, the data transmission and the data transaction of collaborative design. The system configuration and organization mode of dynamic data exchange for network-supported collaborative design are developed, in which, STEP serves as the product data exchange standard, what's more, Object-Oriented Database (OODB) is the kernel database of the system, so that each of the CAD systems can synchronously access the OODB, share and exchange the design information. The STEP-OODB serves as the organizing mode of dynamic data exchange for the network-supported collaborative design based on Internet, which realizes the real-time exchange and consistency of the dynamic data among the cross-platforms and CAD systems.     

年产万吨净菜工厂设计初探

712100 陕西杨陵西北农林科技大学食品学院,     

Universal design of ISO9000 quality management information system

Quality Management Information System(QMIS) is critical component in enterprise quality system. The enterprise quality management of modern manufacture perform mostly as a dynamic system during continuous change. OMT(Object-oriented Modeling Technique) is adopted in this paper, QMIS is analyzed on the aspects of system analysis, system architecture, object model. The framework architecture of flexible ISO9000-QMIS and the universal feature is presented. With the design of flexibility and expandability, structure and function can be redesigned based on managing instance of enterprises, and satisfy the dynamic requirement of informationlization.     

Toward a More Embedded Production System? Automotive Supply Networks and Localized Capabilities in Poland

The article addresses the embeddedness of automotive production in Poland in terms of supply networks. A comprehensive analysis of more than 550 suppliers, supported by company interviews, shows that foreign‐owned producers become embedded in Poland in the automotive supplier networks they have largely created themselves. Numerous local suppliers gain access to export markets and become integrated in a Europe‐wide production system. This trend has been accompanied by significant upgrading of foreign affiliates and domestic firms in terms of product quality, cost efficiency, adaptability, and fast response, but far less in nonproduction competences such as R&D. It is argued that the competences of automotive suppliers in Poland are built upon the localized capabilities, which are a product of the dynamic interplay between the activity of foreign firms and the changing local environment comprising various stakeholders. The localized capabilities constitute elements of a company's sunk costs and are embedding automotive producers in Poland. At the same time, the dependence on decisions and innovations from abroad and the limited development of local design and brands may constrain the future role of suppliers from the semiperipheral economy of Poland.     

Model of Product Design Process in the Network Organization and Its Optimization

Network Organization is an organization built by some rules among organizations for some purposes or some tasks. For example, many organizations work together to develop a new product. The technology of directed graph and fuzzy design structure matrix are used in the development of a new product in the network organization. Base on this, the methods of task de-coupling, matrix exchange and partitions are used to optimize the design activity. It can improve the rate and efficiency of the product's development, reduce the problem of design iteration, short the development periods, make the members of the network organization work concurrently without damaging the quality of the products.     

Product ontology screening and its application in variant design

A product ontology screening method which can be used in variant design is proposed. With the support of complete ontology view of product resources, the product functional requirement and structural characteristics are converted to demand constraints, which are used to screen product ontology. For different screening hierarchies and objects, different screening rules such as pattern matching, case matching combined with manual decision and auto matching on the basis of case-based reasoning are adopted. The semi-automatic screening method with human-computer cooperation has impressive effectiveness on the improvements of the accuracy of design schemes and the flexibility and efficiency of design process. Finally, a variant design supporting system for building door and window is developed, which proves the feasibility and effectiveness of the method.     

基于区块链的农产品溯源：优势与挑战

随着消费者对农产品质量安全的要求不断提高,快速响应、高效控制、安全保障成为现代农产品安全领域的重要课题。由于传统溯源系统存在原始信息少、信息不透明和可靠性差等问题,消费者对农产品溯源技术并不信任。且各组织之间互不信任,信息断层现象时常发生,出现问题后职责追溯困难,安全管控的效果难以满足社会需求。区块链技术的可追溯性、不可篡改和去中心化等特点,可以很好的解决传统溯源系统的缺陷。区块链作为一项新兴技术,在农产品溯源方面具有巨大的潜力。然而,基于区块链技术的农产品溯源系统的优势、挑战和亟需解决的问题,还没有得到充分探讨。本研究以大米溯源系统为例,提出了基于区块链技术的农产品溯源系统的框架设计。详细介绍了如何通过物联网技术获取大米的供应链数据信息。最后,分析了基于区块链技术的农产品溯源方法的优势和挑战。本研究为研究人员和从业人员提供了基于区块链技术的农产品溯源系统的宝贵信息,并对改善农产品可持续性产生了积极的影响。     

Task decomposition and resources allocation of product collaboration innovative design

To deal with the complexity problems of design tasks decomposition and allocation in the process of product collaborative innovation, a task decomposition model based on mapping level function, structure and task and fuzzy search and matching collaborative partners is proposed by considering the dependencies between the design tasks and the design capacity constraints of innovative subjects. Then on the basis of studying the classification and attributes of design resource, a design resources allocation model with resource use threshold is established to compensate the lack of resource allocation by the priority strategy for design tasks, and the simulation modeling for task-resource allocation based on the time colored Petri net is carried out. Finally, a product collaborative innovation design R & D case of a certain brand phone is imported to verify the effectiveness of the proposed model.     

2018—2019年度广东省职业院校技能大赛农药残留检测项回顾与启示

职业院校技能大赛是我国职业教育的一项重要制度。农产品质量安全检测赛项对于提高农产品质量安全检测教学水平具有重要促进作用。通过对广东省职业院校技能大赛农产品质量安全检测赛项农药残留检测项目的回顾,对参赛队伍、试题设计与评分方式进行了探讨,对竞赛结果与竞赛成绩进行了分析,并在此基础上得出了农产品质量安全检测相关课程教学的启示。