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1.
Abstract Extract Increasing references have been made in the recent veterinary literature to malacic diseases of the nervous system in sheep and other animals. Plowright (1954) and Innes and Plowright (1955) have described a focal symmetrical spinal poliomalacia of unknown aetiology in sheep in Kenya. In the U.S.A., Cordy (1954) has described a focal symmetrical encephalomalacia of horses following the ingestion of a species of thistle, and Jensen et al. (1956) have described an idiopathic polio-encephalomalacia in cattle and sheep. In New Zealand, Hartley (1956) has described a focal symmetrical encephalomalacia (F.S.E.) of lambs that may be related to the sublethal effects of the toxin of Clostridium perfringens (welchii) Type D. Smith (1957) has described widespread lesions of polio-encephalomalacia together with eosinophilic meningoencephalitis in sodium chloride poisoning of swine. 相似文献
2.
D.R. Ris B.Sc. Dip.Agric. W.A. Te Punga B.Sc. B.V.Sc. Dip.Bact. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(4):94-97
Abstract Extract Surveys on perinatal infection in lambs in New Zealand have been reported and the pathology and bacteriology of the conditions described (Hartley and Boyes, 1955, 1964; McFarlane, 1955; Hartley and Kater, 1964). Potentially pathogenic organisms were isolated from 58 to 288 lambs from five flocks, Clostridium septicum being isolated from five of these cases (Hartley and Boyes, 1955). In another survey, 5.5% of lambs born dead or dying up to 4 weeks of age died from navel infection. Clostridium septicum was isolated from 69% of 48 consecutive cases (Hartley and Boyes, 1964). McFarlane (1955) recorded that 7.3% of perinatal mortality was due to navel infection but no bacteriology was carried out nor was the organism suspected stated. On individual farms, up to 15% of lambs recorded died from navel ill. It should be pointed out that, in this survey, only small numbers of lambs were received from some properties. 相似文献
3.
Abstract Extract Sir, — Leptospira interrogans serovar balcanica is now recognised as a widespread infection among opossums in New Zealand (2) and the possibility of domestic stock acting as accidental hosts has recently been demonstrated. (3) With the recent development of hardjo vaccines (1) (4) for controlling infection with this serovar in the maintenance hosts, stock could be left vulnerable to infection with other prevalent serovars such as balcanica. 相似文献
4.
R.V. Brunsdon M.Sc. Ph.D. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):144-148
Abstract Extract Much work has been, carried out in New Zealand to ascertain the response in young sheep to drenching with anthelmintics (for review see Whitten, 1954). Clarke &; Filmer (1958) have also examined response to drenching in their studies on hogget' ill-thrift. As Whitten (1954) has shown, results of past drenching trials have been extremely variable. In some cases little or no response has been observed, in others considerable increases; in weight gains have been achieved. More recently, Robertson (1963) has summarized the results of part of an extensive series of country-wide post-weaning drenching trials conducted by the Department of Agriculture with the new anthelmintic thiabendazole. In those trials consistent, weight gain responses were recorded in favour of the drenched animals. However, most of the published data are from trials involving strategic drenching programmes designed to control or limit infestation rather than to suppress completely, patent infestation. Most of these trials have been confined to late summer, autumn and winter, and few have attempted to cover the entire first year of young sheep. Furthermore, little attempt has hitherto been made to correlate responses obtained with the changing degree and species composition of infestation throughout the course of the trial. 相似文献
5.
R. Ann Dean B.Sc.Hons. G.W. Burgess B.V.Sc. Ph.D. Q.D.A.H. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(9):198-200
Abstract Extract Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus has been associated with respiratory infection (Webster and Manktelow, 1959) and genital infections (Manktelow and Hansen, 1961) in New Zealand. The possible role of IBR virus in abortion has been reviewed by Durham (1974). 相似文献
6.
Abstract Extract Disease surveillance systems can take many forms, depending upon what is desired of them. Surveys of mortality can be useful as an integral part of any surveillance system, both as a record of the losses and as an indication as to which conditions may be responsible for lowering the thrift of the population. Both these sources of loss are important in reducing the monetary return from a stock population as a whole. Surveys of mortality can indicate the importance of low incidence diseases and can be used to identify conditions previously unknown in the area. Totally new diseases can also be detected in this manner. Many individual disease conditions as well as surveys of groups of diseases (Hartley and Kater, 1962; O'Hara and Shortridge, 1966; Shortridge and Cordes, 1971) have been reported from material submitted to New Zealand laboratories and mortality studies on groups of animals have been undertaken elsewhere (Everitt and Evans, 1970; Jackson et al., 1972). 相似文献
7.
R.V. Brunsdon M.Sc. Ph.D. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(6):135-139
Abstract Extract Despite the importance of the beef and dairy industries in this country, little attention has been given to parasitic gastroenteritis as an animal health problem in cattle, although McMeekan (1954) has stated that helminths are most commonly associated with severe unthriftiness and losses in dairy calves after weaning. Apart from a recent report of a drenching trial in cattle (Cairns and Gallagher, 1964), there is a complete lack of published information on either the importance and prevalence of the disease in New Zealand, or on the host-parasite relationships concerned in the epidemiology of the disease. Similarly the literature is devoid of data relating to the incidence and distribution of the various parasite species. 相似文献
8.
P.B. Kuppuswamy 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(4):110-118
Abstract Extract Recognition that one infective agent could cause ram epididymitis and ewe abortion in New Zealand was due to McFarlane et al. (1952). The organism was not identified at that time, but Buddie and Boyes (1953) classified it in the genus Brucella—possibly a variant of Br. melitensis. This finding provided a basis for research on control and treatment of the disease. The present paper describes studies on one aspect of this problem, the chemotherapy of affected rams. 相似文献
9.
J.L. McGregor M.R.C.V.S. A.A. Twaddle B.V.Sc D.G. Bennell B.V.Sc 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(3)
Abstract Extract Sir,—In his clinical communication on reposition of the prolapsed uterus in the cow, Irvine (1964) stated that he “believes that the intestine is contained in all but the smallest prolapses“. 相似文献
10.
S.J. King B.V.SC. B.L. Munday B.V.SC. W.J. Hartley M.R.C.V.S. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(3)
Abstract Extract Sir,—We should like to take this opportunity to congratulate Messrs Cordes, Dodd and O'Hara (1964) on their excellent article on bovine mycotic abortion and pneumonia in New Zealand, and at the same time mention certain complementary features of these conditions as noted in Tasmania. 相似文献
11.
E.D. Andrews M.Sc. A.N.Z.I.C. C.E. Isaacs B.V.Sc. R.J. Findlay 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(5):140-146
Abstract Extract In New Zealand, cobalt-containing drenches are recommended for the field diagnosis of cobalt deficiency, but find little use as a routine method of controlling the disease. For the latter purpose, cobaltized licks have a place on extensively-grazed untopdressed hill country. Otherwise, topdressing pastures annually with cobalt sulphate, usually as cobaltized superphosphate, has proved the best method of prevention (N.Z. Dept. Agric, 1954; Andrews, 1956). In Australia, however, greater reliance has been placed on drenches and licks, partly because cobalt topdressing is regarded as uneconomic on the extensive undeveloped holdings usually associated with cobalt deficiency in that country, and partly because the effects of cobalt applied to the land have often proved ephemeral, particularly on the acutely-deficient calcareous coastal sands (Lee, 1950; Bennetts, 1955). However, recent work in South Australia opens up an entirely new approach to the control of cobalt deficiency disease. Dewey et al. (1958) report that when semi-porous pellets containing cobaltic oxide are administered to sheep they are retained in the reticulum, or less commonly in the rumen, and release a continuous and adequate supply of cobalt to the animal. Phalaris staggers and cobalt deficiency disease can be prevented in this way. 相似文献
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13.
Abstract Extract Drake et al. (1960) have shown that selenium will control outbreaks of lamb and hogget ill-thrift on the pumice soils of the Rotorua-Taupo area. As an ill-thrift problem also exists in calves on the newly-broken-in farms in the same area, it was decided to investigate the effect of oral selenium and other minerals in the control of this problem. 相似文献
14.
Abstract Extract Sir, — Correspondence in your journal has indicated that there is some divergence of opinion about the efficacy of the complement fixation (CF) test for the diagnosis of ovine brucellosis (Brucella ovis) (1) (2) (3) (4) . A number of letters which have recently been received at the Animal Health Reference Laboratory indicate that this issue is not yet fully resolved. We believe that part of the difficulty is due to misunderstanding about the use and interpretation of the test, and we would therefore like to comment. 相似文献
15.
Abstract Extract Sir, — It appears that Drs Marshall et al.(1) have missed the cardinal point of our paper on an unusual serological response in calves after use of a leptospiral vaccine. (2) That point, of course, was that after use of one leptospiral vaccine, but not another, post-vaccination microscopic agglutination titres of calves were indistinguishable from post-infection titres, whatever the actual titres may have been. 相似文献
16.
R.J. Sutherland B.V.Sc. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(11):263-266
Abstract Extract In January 1975, Elaphostrongylus cervi was identified in material derived from red deer in the Fiordland National Park (Mason et al., 1976). This paper describes lesions associated with the presence of adult worms in the fascia and epimysium of skeletal muscles, lesions in lymph nodes, and lung lesions resulting from the presence of the first stage larvae of Elaphostrongylus cervi. This parasite is also known to cause meningo-encephalitis and spinal demyelination with consequent ataxia in red deer (Dykova, 1969). 相似文献
17.
S.C. MacDiarmid 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(10):165-166
Abstract Extract Caprine arthritis encephalitis (CAE) is a disease of goats of any breed, sex and age, caused by a retrovirus related to, but distinct from, the maedi-visna virus which affects sheep.(4) (10) Both infections are included among the so-called slow virus diseases which are characterised by a long incubation period, protracted clinical course and persistent infection. Maedi-visna is not present in New Zealand but CAE has been detected in a number of goat flocks. 相似文献
18.
W.J. Hartley M.R.C.V.S. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(8):106-117
Abstract Extract Infection by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii is widespread in sheep in New Zealand and is recognized as the most common cause of intra-uterine infection leading to abortion and stillbirths (Hartley et al., 1954; Hartley and Boyes, 1964). In view of the prevalence of this infection in New Zealand, trials were set up to investigate some aspects of the epidemiology of this perplexing disease. 相似文献
19.
M.A. Gemmell B.V.Sc. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(2):40-41
Abstract Extract The object of this report is to record observations on the differences in incidence between Echinococcus granulosus and Taenia hydatigena in the livers of sheep of different age groups in New Zealand. The method of collection of data, examination, and classification of animals in these surveys have previously been described (Gemmell, 1961a, 1961b). 相似文献
20.
J.W. McLean M.Agr.Sc. B.V.Sc. Ph.D. J.H. Claxton B.Sc. 《New Zealand veterinary journal》2013,61(5):134-136
Abstract Extract The economic importance of vaginal prolapse in ewes depends not only on the incidence, which has been shown to vary from farm to farm, district to district, year to year (Edgar, 1952; McLean, 1957), and according to topography (McLean, 1957), but also upon the outcome of the disease in losses of ewes and Iambs. It must be appreciated that, although it is becoming more common than hitherto for veterinary assistance to besought, by custom and tradition the great majority of cases are still treated by the farmer himself or his shepherd. The kind of treatment that cases thus receive and the conditions under which treatment is given can perhaps best be described as “rough and ready”. The mortality rates in ewes and lambs to be described in this paper are those associated with this kind of treatment. 相似文献