共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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不同类型土壤棉花产量构成因素及棉铃空间分布研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了膜下滴灌不同类型土壤棉花产量构成因素及棉铃空间分布规律。结果表明:产量构成各因素与皮棉产量之间均为正相关关系,且子棉与皮棉、铃数,皮棉与衣分、子数、地上干重、铃重,子数与地上干重的相关系数达极显著水平。壤土结铃能力最强,其次为粘土,单株成铃最少的是沙土地。从棉花不同果枝结铃的空间分布看,中部果枝结铃数高于棉株下部和上部,其中以壤土最高。不同类型土壤的棉田应进一步提高棉铃中部果枝成铃率,以提高棉花的品质;并进一步挖掘上部铃和外围铃的潜力,以提高棉花的产量。沙土地,应充分提高棉株的上部成铃率。 相似文献
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促早发、保稳长、增后劲是夺取棉花高产优质的关键。早发有利于延长有效开花结铃期 ,增加优质棉比例 ,有利于抗灾夺丰收 ;稳长可以趋利避害 ,协调营养生长和生殖生长的关系 ,促进结铃分布均匀 ,提高中下部和内围节结铃率 ;增后劲能充分利用后期的有利气候条件 ,促使棉花上部多结铃 ,提高后期铃重。因此促早发、保稳长、增后劲是增加单位面积总铃数、铃重和改善纤维品质的三个重要关键 ,应着重抓好以下几点 :1 提高土壤肥力 ,改善生育环境这是实现早发稳长增后劲的基础。提高土壤肥力 ,一方面要提高土壤养分含量 ,另一方面要增强土壤保肥保… 相似文献
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为进一步探明棉花铃重、衣分及纤维品质的空间分布规律,于2021年在新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州农业科学研究院试验基地以4个陆地棉品种为供试材料开展小区试验,吐絮后按照不同果枝节位采样考种、进行纤维品质检测,分析各品种不同果枝节位间铃重、衣分和纤维品质的差异及变化规律。结果表明:4个品种不同果枝节位间铃重和衣分均存在明显差异,随着果枝节位的上移均表现为先上升后下降的趋势,其中第3或第4果枝的铃重最大,第4或第5果枝的衣分最高;4个品种不同果枝节位间纤维上半部平均长度、断裂比强度、马克隆值均存在明显差异,其中纤维上半部平均长度在第2或第3果枝达到最大值,断裂比强度在第1或第2果枝达到最大值,多数品种的马克隆值整体呈现明显上升趋势;长度整齐度指数相对稳定。综上,纤维综合品质随着果枝节位的上移整体呈现下降趋势,其中第1~3果枝的纤维品质较优,但中部果枝的铃重和衣分较高。 相似文献
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杏棉间作复合系统中棉花生长及生产特性的研究 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
以大田棉花为对照,与杏、棉间作下棉花的株高、LAI、产量及其构成因素进行比较研究。结果表明,杏、棉间作下棉花的株高和LAI相比对照均有不同程度的减小,且随着距杏树垂直距离的增加,其变化呈偏态分布趋势;间作下棉花的铃重、株铃数、有效果枝数和衣分相比对照均有一定的减少,各处理与对照间单株铃数和果枝数差异极显著,间作对产量性状的影响大小依次为:有效果枝数株铃数铃重衣分;间作减少了棉花的单位面积子棉产量和皮棉产量,各处理与对照间差异极显著;在杏、棉间作下试验的3个品种中鲁棉研28最为稳定。 相似文献
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本试验系统研究了抗虫棉种植密度和化调两因素对抗虫棉生育进程、主茎生长速度、果枝数、单株成铃数及成铃率、全株平均铃重、内围铃铃重和上部铃铃重、产量的影响,并对实验结果进行了统计分析,找出了影响抗虫棉高产栽培的关键因素,同时提出了抗虫棉高产栽培的有效措施. 相似文献
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Verticillium wilt (VW), caused by Verticillium dahliae Kleb., is a destructive disease of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). The use of resistant cultivars has long been considered the most practical and effective mean of control. The aim of this work was to study the quantitative genetic basis of Verticillium wilt resistance in Upland cotton by using five genotypes and their possible crosses without reciprocals selecting simultaneously for resistance and desirable agronomic characteristics. Five cotton cultivars and 10 F1s from half-diallel crosses were analyzed for VW resistance. The seed cotton yield, the number of bolls/ plant, and boll weight were measured and Verticillium wilt index (VWI) was estimated during two crop seasons in two different sites each year always on plots with naturally infested soil. Genetic components of variance were analyzed using the Hayman model. Analysis of variance for all characters showed significant differences between genotypes, without genotype-site interaction in most cases. Both, additive genetic variance component (D) and dominance genetic variance components (H1 and H2) were presented in all characters, except for VWI. D was the most important component for boll weight and VWI. Boll weight was the most correlated character with seed cotton yield and VWI. Broad sense heritability was high for boll weight and VWI, moderate for seed cotton yield and low for bolls per plant. Narrow sense heritability was moderate for boll weight, and high for VWI. 相似文献
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Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) transgenic cotton has been planting in large-scale for more than 10 years in China. It was observed that resistance to bollworm was reduced with the application of big-boll cultivars in China. The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of boll size on the contents of CryIA insecticidal protein in boll shell and cotton seed during the course of boll development. Two experiments were conducted at the Yangzhou University Farm, Yangzhou, China. In 2004, three cultivars including Sikang 1 (small-boll), Xiangza 3 (medium-boll) and Kemian 3 (big-boll) were compared for boll shell volume and 100-seed weight from 10 to 40 days after flowering (DAF), and insecticidal protein contents in boll shell and cotton seed from 10 to 50 DAF. As expected, the differences between cultivars were significant for all the four characteristics. Cultivars with bigger boll shell volume had higher 100-seed weight but lower insecticidal protein contents in both of the boll shell and cotton seed. The correlation between boll size and boll insecticidal protein content was negative (−0.653). The correlation between 100-seed weight and cotton seed insecticidal protein content was significantly negative (−0.645). In 2005, leaf cut (LC) and square removal (SR) treatments were applied to Sikang 1 and Sikang 3. The boll shell volume and 100-seed weight were decreased by LR, but increased by SR. LC significantly enhanced and SR significantly reduced the insecticidal protein contents of boll shell and cotton seed. The correlation between boll size and boll insecticidal protein content (−0.870) and the correlation between 100-seed weight and cotton seed insecticidal protein content were both highly significant and negative (−0.841). Therefore, the results of the study indicated that the boll insecticidal protein content was significantly affected by boll size. The implications of the observed results in breeding, cultural practices and pest management were discussed. 相似文献
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以棉株结铃的平均圆锥体部位、平均铃重的计算方法,阐明了加权平均法在棉花上的实际应用及注意事项;通过对棉花株高指数增长阶段的分析,阐明了棉花株高日生长率作为几何平均数的实际应用。 相似文献
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通过对棉花不同种质材料的棉铃在不同发育时期重量和长宽比的研究。结果表明,不同发育阶段的棉铃在重量和长宽比存在较大的差异;陆地棉和海岛棉的棉铃重量第5天和第10天变化趋势基本相同,但长宽比存在差异;两者的关系是长宽比越大,其铃重越轻;不同类型品种棉铃的长宽比是海岛棉〉圆锥形铃陆地棉〉卵圆形铃陆地棉〉圆形铃陆地棉,而重量恰好相反,为圆形铃陆地棉〉卵圆形铃陆地棉〉圆锥形铃陆地棉〉海岛棉;杂交棉相对于其亲本变化不明显。由此可见,棉花品种类型不同,棉铃形状的差异都是影响棉铃发育的重要因素。 相似文献
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