Discussion of the Application and Foreground of Falling Water Aeration with the Process of Sewage Treatment

The engineering design of sewage treatment plant for the Chongqing city, P. R. China is analyzed in this paper. Considering the situation of China and other projects, the characteristics of falling water reactor for the environment protection project and economy of investment is introduced ; the application and foreground of falling water aeration in the process of sewage treatment is discussed, such as Oxidation - ditch, SBR, and so on. The conclusion indicated that the falling water aeration can be designed and used as an independent aeration, and, it is an upgraded technology of sewage treatment which is adaptive for city water environment control in middle and small towns in China. The falling water aeration may reduce running cost of the sewage treatment plant, is adaptive for foothill and the mountainous areas, and reduces project investment and environments damage.     

Analysis on the Stress of the Tunnel Underground High Buildings

With the problem of the city development, it becomes very important and urgent to research the utilization of the urban underground space. The authors discuss the interaction of high buildings and tunnel which belongs to a project at Dadukou region in Chongqing. The authors simulate this condition in computer and analyses the stress around the tunnel and find the rang of stress concentration. At last,the authors offer some references for underground-space opening of the tunnel under high buildings.     

Load dynamic matching of supply and demand side based on the utilization of urban sewage heat energy

Flowing dynamic characteristics and its temperature dynamic characteristics of a three-level sewage pipe network in Chongqing were analyzed. A mall's building whole year load was simulated. In the adverse condition of wastewater flow, the market construction peak discharge heat was compared with the sewage heat load, the balance between the most adverse flow and the building demand was found. Explored supply and demand matching method between urban sewage and city building load in flow adverse condition to take full advantage of the urban sewage cold and hot resources. the composite system was adeptcd to make up the most unfavorable flow time of sewage average heat load and the construction load difference; it also puts forward principle of load sharing and control strategy aimed at compound system.     

MSW Treatment Techniques Informative for Chongqing

On the basis of the geographic, climatic characteristics and air pollution conditions of Chongqing city, referring to the application and development of Municipal solid waste (MSW) treatment techniques developed recently in advanced countries and other domestic cities, Varieties of MSW treatment techniques, incineration, landfill, composting, and comprehensive utilization, are analyzed in comparison. Their applying prospects and limitations in Chongqing are marked out.     

宜居城市的主成分分析与评价——以重庆市主城九区为例

城市宜居性是当前国际国内城市居民和政府都密切关注的焦点问题,本文运用主成分分析法,从重庆市主城九区的城市经济水平、城市环境状况、城市居住状况、城市保障状况以及生活便捷程度等方面对其宜居性进行评价与分析,找出各自适合的发展建设方向,从而为重庆市的宜居性建设提供一定的发展方向。     

Supplying the City of Shenzhen, P. R. China with Water of Differing Quality

The pattern of supplying water of differing quality using sewage recycling,and its implementation as a strategy,are discussed through an analysis of the water shortage situation in the city of Shenzhen,P.R.China. Supplying Shenzhen with water of varying quality is proposed as a concept.The necessity and feasibility of such a water supply pattern are expounded.The pattern of water supply in Shenzhen city consists of a main water supply system and non-potable water supply system with sewage recycling.In addition,the proposal also includes using seawater and rainwater.The non-potable water supply system with sewage recycling would be used primarily in large industrial parks outside the special economic zone and in other areas around the parks.Supplying Shenzhen with water of differing qualities embodies the concepts of sewage reused as a resource and of the recycling economy.This proposal also satisfies the requirement for urban sustainable development.     

云南省嵩明县污水处理厂对污染物处理效果的分析

为了更好地评价云南省嵩明县污水处理厂运行效果,对该污水处理厂运行1年来进出口水质、污泥处置等情况进行调查分析。结果表明,该污水处理厂对废水BOD、CODcr、SS、TP、NH4-N的平均去除率分别为81.45%、78.78%、86.08%、41.37%、84.03%。该污水处理厂污泥处理符合环保及农用要求,对环境没有造成污染;恶臭等问题也得到了有效的控制。试验及调查结果对污水处理厂的设计及其后期运行具有重要的指导意义和实用价值。     

污泥堆肥的应用及其在农业中的发展趋势

污泥是污水处理厂剩余物,随着社会的发展,资源的紧缺,污泥作为堆肥原料已逐渐成为人们处理污泥的主要方式,即把污泥经过堆肥化形成的生物固体应用于农田、林地、草地、市政绿化、果树及蔬菜地,使严重扰动的土地逐渐恢复植被并促进土壤熟化。污泥因其含有大量有机质和氮磷钾等营养成分,是非常值得利用的肥源。此文综述了污泥堆肥农用的历史及现状,污泥堆肥化的原理和过程;并对污泥堆肥在农业、林业、蔬菜、花卉、果树以及土地修复重建上的应用做了详细介绍,指出污泥堆肥在农业中的发展趋势以及存在的问题。     

Urban Environmental and Urban Ecological Problems in the Sustainable Development of Chongqing City and Its Countermeasures

The main urban environmental and urban ecological problems existing in the sustainable development of Chongqing city were introduced in this paper. Furthermore, the causes and features of these problems were analyzed. At last, some countermeasures, which would provide some scientific bases for accelerating the urban sustainable development of Chongqing city, were suggested.     

Water Environment Carrying Capacity of New Zhengdong District in Zhengzhou City

Taking sections of the Dongfeng Canal, the Xionger River and the Wei River in New Zhengdong District for example, this paper applied water environment capacity to analyze the carrying capacity of surface water environment in the east development zone of the city. The analysis shows that carrying capacity of surface water environment in the study area is not good, carrying capacity of 3 studied waters for TP, BOD_5 and COD is approaching to the limit. New Zhengdong District, in terms of industrial structure, should promote the projects with less water consumption, less or no discharge of wastewater, and also should enhance the sewage treatment, improve recycling rate of the reclaimed water, and reduce the negative impact of sewage and pollutant discharge on environment.     

Simple Analysis of the Thermal Environment in Chongqing

There are a series of city environmental problems especially in the mountain city along with the city fast development. In recent decade, many scholars have studied the urban heat island, the urban temperature, the urban wind field, the precipitation and the urban visibility etc. But the urban thermal environment has not been settled radically. All the measures have not been used in the practice. And the researches in thermal environment of the mountain cities are very few. So the authors consider Chongqing as the researching object. Chongqing is one of the typical mountain cities in the semi-tropical. Sequentially we find out the characteristic of the thermal environment in the mountain city. Further the authors seek for the measures to plan and build ecological city. They conclude that CFD can be used in the simulation of urban environment, and use the result of simulation in urban planning is possible. The thermal environment in the center of Chongqing needs to be improved.     

重庆市RDLS与人居环境地形适宜性评价

“重庆五大功能区”范围的确定,人口因素是不得不考虑的。从地形起伏度方面探索人口分布的规律,进一步佐证重庆市五大功能区划分的科学性。采用重庆市1:250000 DEM数据、2010年分县人口数据,以Arcgis9.3为基础软件,运用邻域分析的方法,计算出了栅格格式的RDLS,单元大小为1 km。RDLS的空间地理规律以及它和人口地理分布的关系,主要从地理空间、构成状况和海拔高度等方面考虑。分析显示：RDLS值主要集中在中低值,RDLS值小于1.5的区域占重庆市总面积的78.82%,累积人口数量占总人口数量的66.37%;RDLS值较高的地区主要集中于渝东北生态涵养发展区和渝东南生态保护发展区;海拔与RDLS呈现出正相关;RDLS曲线和人口密度曲线呈现出高拟合度,通过以RDLS为主要考虑因素,对重庆市地形适宜性做出了评价。

     

Approaches to Night View Lighting Project of Mountainous Cities

In this paper, taking the night view lighting project of the center of the Chongqing city as an example, which is in the visual field of Yikeshu landscape stage in Nanshan of Chongqing, an approach to the lkghting project is suggested. It takes the landscape feature of mountainous city with abundant stereo perception and hierarchy into account and meets the demand of multi-level,multi-orientation and distant sightseeing. This approach is characterized by point,line,plane and body planning, vertical kierarchy, horizontal area division with emphasis on problem of light and color treatment.     

肾形肾形虫干预下甜菜幼苗的光合响应

为了探讨原生动物新物种肾形肾形虫(Colpoda reniformis)对甜菜幼苗的光合特征的干预情况以及对甜菜幼苗生长情况的影响。采取液体培养方法，选用中国农业科学院甜菜研究所育种品系701为试材，设置接种与未接种肾形肾形虫两个处理，通过生理指标分析和相关性分析来评价肾形肾形虫干预下甜菜幼苗基础表型特征以及光合特性。与未接种肾形肾形虫的处理相比，接种肾形肾形虫后，甜菜幼苗的表型特征及生物量的积累均有显著促进作用，植株的总株高、叶面积、根长、地上部和地下部干质量分别增加了14.14%、15.49%、20.09%、10.0%和33.3%。另外，接种肾形肾形虫后甜菜叶片的Pn、Gs、叶绿素a、叶绿素b及总叶绿素含量显著高于对照，分别增加了43.91%、40.56%、31.58%、31.82%、31.72%。谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)活性显著增加23.52%。氮素干物质生产效率和氮素积累量的地上和地下分别增加6.3%、8.8%和5.3%、19.7%。相关性分析表明光合特性的指标、氮效率以及植株的叶面积在甜菜生长过程中发挥重要作用。因此，肾形肾形虫可以干预甜菜幼苗的生长发育，通过增加叶面积、叶绿素含量来提高光合作用进而提高氮效率，最终促进甜菜幼苗的生长及生物量的积累。     

Exploration and Practice of Underground Space Design Guided by Green Idea in China

With the continuous deterioration of living environment, green building has become the development trend of architecture, however, usage of urban land is saturated with the development of the city. Thus, the development of underground space has attracted more and more attention, and it is of great significance to introduce green idea into the design of underground space in China. This paper is dedicated to research the exploration and development of green idea in design of underground space in China which can be divided into three stages: budding stage, exploration stage and rapid development stage. To realize ecological green space and sustainable development, diversifi ed and systematic development of green idea in design of underground space is an inevitable trend in China.     

Viewpoints on the Fire Plan of Chongqing City

The fire plan aiming to create the fire security environment for the development of the city,is an important part of the modern city plan.This article reviews the experience of the fire plan of compilation Chongqing city,discusses its frame,and summarizes its notable effect on the construction of the public fire infrastructure.Some advices on how to improve the urban fire plan is also put forward in this article.     

Towns of Chongqing Sustainable Development Objective Appraisement

Master towns of Chongqing includes Wanzhou, Fuling, Jiangjin, Huochuan and Yongchuan. According to the stratage of developing Western China and urbanization, this article discusses tendency of sustainable development in towns of Chongqing. Applying `evaluation method of arrangement model' and `analyze method of equal difference ', the authors find the short wming of the quality of urbanization and the sustainable development in five towns. So the article takes center city and towns construction and set up cooperation mechanism between the five cities that will be sure to increase momentum and ability of Chongqing for Sustainable development object.     

再生水中重金属元素聚类分析和主成分分析

采用ICP-AES法测定了某再生水中Cr、Mn、Pb、Ni、Hg、Fe、Cu、Cd、Zn、As等10种重金属元素的含量,应用聚类和主成分分析法对测定结果进行了研究。聚类分析将此10种重金属元素分为四类。主成分分析选出污水原水水质、CASS池运行的稳定性、泥水分离和陶滤效果三个影响再生水水质的主因子,其中以污水原水水质对再生水水质的影响最大。因此,利用ICP-AES法测定此再生水重金属元素含量并对测定结果进行聚类和主成分分析能够对目标污水厂的水质指标监测、运行控制提供一定的指导。     

花房村建设用地适宜性评价的GIS实现

村域建设用地适宜性评价是村级土地利用规划的基础,其在新农村建设及统筹城乡发展中具有重要的意义。笔者选取“千百工程”之一的重庆市巴南区天星寺镇花房村为例,采用权的最小平方法确定各指标的权重,通过GIS空间分析,根据得到的结果划分为4种土地适宜性评价等级：很适宜、较适宜、适宜、不适宜,并对研究区建设用地适宜性绘制了专题地图。研究结果表明：花房村村域内,天井山脉及其两侧不适宜布局建设用地,荔枝社、陈家嘴社和陶院子社建设用地适宜性较强,可布设“巴渝新村”。通过引入GIS技术,提高了建设用地适宜性评价的科学性和工作效率,对优化建设用地的空间布局提供了科学依据。     

MODELLING DESIGN OF THE CAIYAN TUNNEL IN CHONGQING

A modelling design approach for the preliminary dimensioningof underground opening supports is presented in this paper. The method is basedon the model test results under the condition of plane deformation, It is tobe used for the analysis and design of the primary support measures and theproper thickness of secondar linings as welt as appropriate construelion tech-niques adapted to the condition of the Caiyuan Tunnel in Chongqing.