鹅群免疫程序及疫病防治

一、健康鹅群免疫程序 (一)雏鹅群 1.小鹅瘟雏鹅活苗免疫:未经小鹅瘟活苗免疫的种鹅的后代雏鹅,或经小鹅瘟活苗免疫100天之后的种鹅的后代雏鹅,在出壳后1～2天应用小鹅瘟雏鹅活苗皮下注射免疫。免疫后7天内需隔离饲养,防止在未产生免疫力之前因野外强毒感染而引起发病,7天后免疫的雏鹅已产生免疫力,基本上可抵抗强毒的感染而不发病。 免疫种鹅在免疫100天内所产后代的雏鹅有母源抗体,不要用活苗免疫,因母源抗体能中和活苗中的病毒,使之活苗不能产生足够免疫力而免疫失败。 2.小鹅瘟抗血清免疫:在无小鹅瘟流行的区域,易感雏鹅可…     

鹅病防制策略（下）

(上接第5期第16页) 三、鹅病防制 (一)预防几种传染病的方法 1.健康鹅群免疫程序.种鹅群:(1)雏鹅群:小鹅瘟雏鹅活苗免疫:未经小鹅瘟活苗免疫种鹅后代的雏鹅,或经小鹅瘟活苗免疫100天之后种鹅后代的雏鹅,在出壳后1～2天内应用小鹅瘟雏鹅活苗皮下注射免疫.免疫后7天内需隔离饲养,防止在未产生免疫力之前因野外强毒感染而引起发病,7天后免疫的雏鹅已产生免疫力,基本上可抵抗强毒的感染而不发病.免疫种鹅在有效期内其后代的雏鹅有母源抗体,不需用活苗免疫,因母源抗体能中和活苗中的病毒,使活苗不能产生足够免疫力而免疫失败.     

鹅病防制策略(下)

三、鹅病防制 (一)预防几种传染病的方法 1.健康鹅群免疫程序.种鹅群:(1)雏鹅群:小鹅瘟雏鹅活苗免疫:未经小鹅瘟活苗免疫种鹅后代的雏鹅,或经小鹅瘟活苗免疫100天之后种鹅后代的雏鹅,在出壳后1～2天内应用小鹅瘟雏鹅活苗皮下注射免疫.免疫后7天内需隔离饲养,防止在未产生免疫力之前因野外强毒感染而引起发病,7天后免疫的雏鹅已产生免疫力,基本上可抵抗强毒的感染而不发病.免疫种鹅在有效期内其后代的雏鹅有母源抗体,不需用活苗免疫,因母源抗体能中和活苗中的病毒,使活苗不能产生足够免疫力而免疫失败.     

种鹅接种小鹅瘟疫苗的最佳时间

<正> 用小鹅瘟疫苗免疫种鹅,是预防雏鹅不得小鹅瘟病的最好方法。种鹅接种疫苗的时间十分重要,最好在产蛋前一个月进行。将小鹅瘟疫苗100倍稀释,每只种鹅皮下注射1毫升,这样能使免疫母鹅至少在六个月内所产的蛋内含有母源抗体,因而在整个孵化季节,用这类种蛋孵出雏鹅都可以抵抗小鹅瘟的危害。     

小鹅瘟的防治

小鹅瘟是由小鹅瘟病毒引起的小鹅的一种急性败血性传染病。几年来笔者在临床诊治鹅病时，发现小鹅瘟发病率较高，即使雏鹅实施了小鹅瘟疫苗免疫仍有部分鹅群发病，给养鹅者造成很大的经济损失。笔者就几年来临床实践诊治小鹅瘟的体会浅谈如下。一、小鹅瘟的流行情况病鹅和带毒鹅为本病的传染源，通过污染小鹅瘟病毒的饲料、饮水、工具、种蛋进行传播。由于饲养管理不当或营养缺乏使雏鹅体质弱、抗病力低而易感本病，无母源抗体又未实施疫苗免疫的雏鹅易感，种蛋来自不同种鹅场或来自发病鹅场的雏鹅也易感。母源抗体参差不齐的雏鹅群，实施小…     

不同时期鹅疫病的免疫及紧急预防

1 不同时期鹅的疫苗免疫 1．1 雏鹅群 未经小鹅瘟活苗免疫种鹅的后代雏鹅，或经小鹅瘟活苗免疫100天之后种鹅的后代雏鹅，在出壳后1—2天应用小鹅瘟雏鹅活苗皮下注射免疫。免疫后7天内需隔离饲养，防止在未产生免疫力之前因野外强毒感染而引起发病，7天后免疫的雏鹅已产生免疫力，基本上可抵抗强毒的感染。     

小鹅瘟免疫水平的研究

我们进行了免疫母鹅仔代雏鹅免疫水平的测定,小鹅瘟高免血清对雏鹅免疫水平的检测及小鹅瘟弱毒苗对雏鹅免疫力的测试,并进行了小鹅瘟高免血清免疫雏鹅的小区试验及中试。报告如下。     

小鹅瘟弱毒疫苗,高免血清和免疫蛋黄的防治效果试验

小鹅痘是由小鹅瘟病毒感染所致的雏鹅急性败血性传染病,以25日龄以内的雏鹅最易感,发病率和死亡率都很高,有时会造成毁灭性的严重后果,给养鹅业带来巨大的经济损失。为了有效地控制小鹅痘的流行,我们从1988年开始,进行了小鹅痘弱毒疫苗、高免血清、免疫蛋黄的防治效果试验,并取得较满意的结果。一、材料与方法 1、种毒:疫苗的种毒系从外地某单位购进的鹅胚绒尿液。强毒为本地小鹅痘典型病例的内脏毒。 2、试验动物:制苗用鹅胚来自未经免疫的健康母鹅。1日龄和4日龄雏鹅购自非疫区未经免疫母鹅的后代。经母鹅免疫的4日龄雏鹅由县种鹅场提供(为免疫三个月后的母鹅所产)。制高免血清和免疫蛋黄用的母     

鹅几种常见病的防制措施

1 小鹅瘟 小鹅瘟是雏鹅的一种急性败血性传染病,临床特征是病鹅精神沉郁,食欲废绝,严重下痢,并有时伴有神经症状.对于本病,各种抗生素和磺胺类药物均无治疗作用,因此主要做好预防工作. 尽量做到自繁自养,严格按照免疫程序进行免疫接种.母鹅在产蛋前一个月注射小鹅瘟疫苗,可使其所产的蛋孵出的鹅雏具有一定的免疫力.对未获得母源抗体的雏鹅,尤其是存在疫情的情况下,应在出壳当日或三日内接种小鹅瘟血清或卵黄囊抗体,间隔7日后再接种小鹅瘟弱毒疫苗,有时直接对1～3月龄的雏鹅接种小鹅瘟弱毒疫苗(因为雏鹅7月后产生免疫力,所以应注意避免超前感染,以防免疫失败).     

种鹅免疫小鹅瘟疫苗抗体消长规律的研究

通过应用小鹅瘟油乳剂疫苗和成鹅弱毒疫苗联合免疫种鹅(设为试验A组)并采用成鹅弱毒疫苗进行二次免疫种鹅的方法(设为试验B组)建立了种鹅小鹅瘟抗体消长规律的监测试验。试验结果表明:B组的免疫抗体效价整体高于A组免疫抗体效价,并且通过对后代雏鹅的攻毒试验表明B组保护力强于A组。     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

广西芒果主要病虫害及其防治

广西是我国主要的芒果生产基地。随着基地建设的发展,芒果病虫害已成为目前栽培管理的主要问题。为此,在调查、研究的基础了介绍了当前芒果生产中常见的病虫害,并提出了防治措施,以期为生产上提供技术参考。     

牛羊焦虫病诊断与防治技术

近几年来,辽宁省牛羊饲养业迅速发展,焦虫病的危害越来越明显,已成为危害牛羊的主要疾病之一。为了提高牛羊焦虫病的防治水平,保证我省牛羊饲养业的健康发展,笔者在参阅文献和同行们诊疗经验的基础上,结合自己的治疗实践,详细阐述了我省牛羊焦虫病近几年的流行特点和诊断防治方法。