观叶植物在花卉租摆中的应用

花卉租摆业务是一项新型业务形式。客户只需签订一份租摆合同，按期偿付很少的租摆费用，便可使自己置身于一种有花有草的绿色空间，而花卉的养护布置工作交由花卉公司去做，为客户创造了一个良好的生活工作空间。租摆业务适合大中城市各企事业单位，宾馆酒楼写字楼。在经济发达城市，甚至不少的家庭也接受租摆业务。所以，花卉租摆被誉为花卉产业中的“朝阳产业”。     

信息窗

1 我国目前花业发展中存在引进温室热、建批发市场热“两个过热”现象。2 花卉租摆行业正在兴起。杭州今年成立了园林园艺服务公司,推出“绿色租赁服务卡”。     

合作共羸 打造精品——湖北省林木种苗总站生物中心简介

湖北省林业局林木种苗管理总站生物技术开发中心是依托中日合作林木育种中心，专业从事高新生物技术开发、高档花卉开发、花卉销售、花卉配送、植物租摆、园林绿化工程等多业务领域的科技型企业，拥有从日本引进的全套组培设备和全自动温室大棚，年产蝴蝶兰、大花惠兰、鹤望兰、君子兰、红掌、彩色马蹄莲、玫瑰海棠、百合、仙客来、山地杨等花卉林木30万株，可常年面向市场批发零售。     

新会风影响花卉市场

简化接待、不摆放花草、不安排宴请、不安排群众迎送……随着中央要求的新会风扑面而来,不摆花的"新会风"已悄然影响了各省城的鲜花销售市场。经调查发现,省城鲜花的销量减少、租摆方面也受到影响。"眼下冬春的行情不好,鲜花销量减少了。"解放桥花卉批发市场几家花店的老板反映,一般元旦、春节前后是政府单位选购鲜花比较集中的时间,订单来得比     

广西柳州市摆展草本花卉及其应用

草本花卉植株美丽,色彩丰富,园林应用形式多样,摆展造景效果良好。文章对柳州市常见的园林摆展草本花卉品种进行调查,并对摆展草本花卉的应用进行探讨。     

浅谈园林植物租摆服务

园林植物租摆服务是经济高速发展的衍生产物。该行业要想长期发展,必须紧抓科学管理要求,秉持环保绿色理念,提升自身服务水平,以品牌意识与创新意识为依托,提升自身的生存能力与发展潜能,实现本行业的经济效益与社会效益的双丰收。本文对于园林植物租摆服务的业务流程与管理工作进行了探究与分析,针对当前租摆服务中存在的问题,给出了相应的对策与建议。     

浅谈观叶植物在花卉租摆中的应用

目前很多单位办公楼、办公室、茶楼、娱乐场所、宾馆等场所都在通过租摆植物营造怡然舒适的绿色空间。本文重点从观叶植物的特点与租摆场地的环境特点进行阐述,通过分析观叶植物特点及室内摆放的基本原则,结合实际应用阐述了室内不同空间的不同位置应该摆设什么类型的植物,以期营造一个优雅舒适、健康怡人的工作、休闲宜居环境。     

标准化示范促花卉产业发展

标准化生产是实施花卉产业化生产的重要前提,是提高土地产出率、商品率,确保花卉产品质量稳定性,提高企业生产效益的重要手段。厂州市花卉办公室认真制订广州市五大类25个花卉品种（种类）花卉的生产技术规范和产品质量等级标准,组织建立起5个花卉标准化示范区。并充分显示了科技效应,产生较大的经济效益和社会效益。     

中国花卉生产现状与发展趋势

中国有“世界园林之母”的美誉,原产中国的花卉资源丰富,花卉栽培历史悠久.中国花卉生产面积稳步增加,花卉产值不断增长;花卉生产新技术不断涌现;花卉专业生产和规模生产模式正在形成;花卉生产区划格局逐步形成.但在花卉生产中还存在着生产面积大、产量低、效益低和生产技术及相关技术不配套等问题.中国花卉生产将出现以提高花卉产量和质量、扩大新品种和日益提高生产技术为中心的发展趋势.     

北京大兴采育地区十一花坛花卉生产技术要点

重点介绍北京市大兴区采育地区立体花坛平面地摆花卉的生产技术要点,包括生产场地和品种选择、基质配制和灌装、上盆养护及炼苗出圃等几个方面,进而为北京大兴及其他区国庆花卉生产提供实践参考。     

‘四季桂’不同季节的花芽分化与发育比较

利用显微解剖和石蜡切片技术,对四季桂品种群中‘四季桂’(Osmanthus fragrans‘Sijigui’)不同季节的花芽分化及开花特性进行研究。‘四季桂’一年成花3次,分别于3月初、6月上旬和10月底开始花芽分化,4月下旬、8月底和11月底完成,分别历时约2个月、2个半月和1个月。6月开始的花芽分化和开花过程与秋桂品种群基本相似,分化后需要低温才能开花,最终形成聚伞花序,无总梗,花粉发育正常。而10月底分化的花芽在完成分化后随即开花,形成的花序有总梗,且有伸长与未伸长之分,长度分别为(0.80±0.11)cm和(3.50±0.71)cm。3月分化的花芽与新梢同时生长发育,分化完成后随即开花。春季和冬季的两次分化形成的均是圆锥状花序,具总梗,花粉均败育。结果表明‘四季桂’自身存在着不同的成花机制。     

Production of fruits with attached flowers in zucchini squash is correlated with the arrest of maturation of female flowers

Summary

Results from two trials carried out under different environmental conditions indicated that the high temperatures reached in greenhouses during the Spring-Summer growing season are the main environmental factor inducing production of zucchini fruits with attached flowers. The fact that the incidence of this characteristic is genotypedependent, with the percentage of fruits with attached flowers varying from 1.4 – 73% among the different cultivars grown during the Spring-Summer season, provides an opportunity for direct counter-selection for this trait in current zucchini squash breeding programmes. High temperatures in the Spring-Summer growing season also induced male-ness in all the cultivars analysed, delaying the production of female flowers, and increasing the number of male flowers on the main stem. Indeed, those flowers that remained attached to harvested zucchini fruits were transformed into bisexual flowers, exhibiting different degrees of stamen development, and were arrested as immature, closed floral buds. A detailed analysis of the maturation and abscission times in female and male flowers of different zucchini cultivars indicated that, although abscission time did not differ, maturation time was longer in male than in female flowers. By comparing sexual expression in different cultivars in different environments, we concluded that inhibition of female flower bud maturation occurs concomitantly with a delay in flower abscission, a process accompanied by the conversion of the female bud into a bisexual bud. Given that Spring-Summer conditions promote the maturation of both female and male flowers, and that the arrest of female flower maturation and abscission are associated with floral sex determination, it is possible that the arrest of female flower maturation is not directly induced by high temperatures, but is mediated instead by hormones such as ethylene or gibberellins.     

不同蔗糖浓度对菊花切花保鲜的影响

对不同糖浓度的保鲜液影响菊花切花在保鲜期间的瓶插鲜重、花径、水分平衡值等方面进行研究。结果表明,不同的蔗糖浓度对菊花切花的瓶插鲜重、花径、水分平衡值的影响都有着显著的差异：4％的蔗糖浓度有利于延长切花的瓶插寿命,并能增大花朵直径以及提高切花观赏品质。主要从不同蔗糖浓度影响下的切花鲜重变化、花径、水分平衡值及过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性4个方面进行比较,筛选出瓶插液的适宜蔗糖浓度为4％。     

豫北花市调查与花卉医院前景分析

为研究豫北地区花市运营概况,以豫北核心城市新乡为例,调查了目前新乡花卉市场的分布、规模、经营的品种及花卉市场发展中存在的问题；调查鉴定了常见花卉病虫害的种类及分布和防治现状,分析了花卉医院依托的硬件、软件和面向的服务对象,展望了花卉医院的开办前景.     

我国花卉蓟马研究进展

花卉蓟马是为害花卉的主要害虫,随着花卉产业的快速发展,花卉蓟马的为害程度和面积不断加重,已对花卉产业造成了巨大损失。论述了花卉蓟马的危害特点、种类、发生规律和防治技术等方面的研究进展。     

环境因子对万寿菊开花的影响

通过分析不同营养配比和pH值处理万寿菊水培液的开花情况,试验得出,增施磷肥对万寿菊开花的影响较小;配施磷钾肥主要影响万寿菊的单株花朵数和花型大小;而配施钾肥对万寿菊的花期、单株花朵数和花型大小均有较好的影响。万寿菊开花较适宜的水培条件是pH值6．5,即弱酸到中性的环境。此时万寿菊的花期较长、花型较大、单株花朵数较多,花的颜色也最靓丽。     

植物与营造花境景观意境的关系

近年来花境越来越多的被应用到了城市的各个场所,也受到人们的密切关注,在花境景观意境营造上也得到了长足的发展,但是仍会有富含景观意境和随意搭配种植2种截然相反的情况出现。针对这种情况,现结合我国现有的一些花境景观实例结合植物景观意境营造理论,探讨植物选择对于营造花境景观意境上千丝万缕的联系,并提出改进意见。     

珍稀濒危植物掌叶木的开花生物学特性与繁育系统

通过野外观察、杂交指数估算、授粉特性分析及人工控制授粉试验等方法对珍稀濒危植物掌叶木（Handeliodendron bodinieri）开花生物学特性和繁育系统进行研究。结果表明：（1）掌叶木每年开花1次,花期在4月下旬到5月中下旬,开花的起止时间及花期的长短受当地气候影响较大;（2）花多为假两性花,即形态上为雌、雄蕊完整的两性花,而功能上为雌、雄蕊选择性败育形成的单性花,偶见雌、雄蕊可育的真两性花植株;单性花通常雌、雄异株,且雌株较雄株少,花序较雄株短5.6 cm,花期也较雄株短2周左右,雄株花序上偶尔见雌花单花;（3）单花经历萌动、露白、展开、盛开、凋落5个阶段,历时5 ~ 6 d;雄花从萌动到开花1 d的花粉活力高达90.5%,开花2 d后活力显著下降;雌花柱头在展开前部分具可授性,展开后1 ~ 3 d均具可授性,花粉活力与柱头可授性重叠;（4）雄花单花花粉量为51 461个,雌花单花胚珠数6,花粉胚珠比（P/O）为8 577,杂交指数为4,结合人工授粉、套袋、套网和自然授粉坐果率判断,掌叶木繁育系统为专性异交,传粉过程需要传粉者,可能存在无融合生殖。（5）掌叶木花性别分化复杂,可孕花数量较不孕花少,可育雌、雄蕊存在较大的空间隔离,加之不稳定的传粉环境,可能是其濒危的重要生殖生物学原因。     

不完全甜柿‘禅寺丸’花性别分化形态学关键时期的研究

以雌雄同株的‘禅寺丸’柿为材料,利用扫描电镜和石蜡切片法观察雌花和雄花芽发育进程,探究柿花性别分化的形态学关键时期。结果表明,‘禅寺丸’雌、雄花芽发育进程基本同步,均从6月持续到次年5月,可划分为11个阶段;花性别分化有两个形态学关键时期:一是6月中旬(阶段2)萼片原基发生期,此时雌花单生、雄花3朵合生的特点开始显现;二是次年4月中旬(阶段8)大小孢子发生期,此时雌花的雄蕊原基分化出花丝后停止发育,雄花的雌蕊原基在花柱和柱头结构产生后开始败育,从而产生单性花。     

Fruit set is inversely related to flower and fruit weight in olive (Olea europaea L.)

Fruit weight is strongly correlated to ovary weight in olive as big-fruited cultivars have larger ovaries and flowers at bloom. We tested the hypothesis that larger ovaries imply stronger sinks and therefore reduce fruit set, expressed as number of fruits. Flower/fruit load per centimeter of shoot was assessed every month from flowering to harvest, on sample shoots of many different olive cultivars differing in fruit size. Data were taken for two years: 2007 and 2008. Additionally, in 2008, a fruit thinning experiment was carried out by leaving a single fruit per shoot, to assess the maximum potential fruit weight achievable by each cultivar. Results indicated that fruit size was mostly genetically determined as thinned fruits of small-fruited cultivars, although bigger than control fruits, never got as big as fruits from large-fruited cultivars, confirming that large ovaries are a prerequisite for large fruits. Among all cultivars, the number of flowers per inflorescence, the number of inflorescences, and the number of flowers per centimeter of shoot were not correlated to average flower weight while total flower mass per centimeter of shoot was positively correlated to average flower weight (i.e. large flowered/fruited cultivars had greater total flower mass). However, one month after bloom and thereafter, all parameters were negatively and exponentially correlated with fruit average weight across cultivars, except fruit mass per centimeter of shoot which was generally not correlated to fruit average weight, except in one year, at harvest, when fruit mass per centimeter of shoot was positively correlated to fruit average weight. These results suggest that fruit set is a consequence of, and inversely proportional to flower/fruit size in olive.