The Acute Toxicity and Subchronic Toxicity Test of Zhuqin Extract

[Objective] To investigate the safety of compound Zhuqin extract.[Methods]In acute toxicity test,mice in test group were given compound Zhuqin extract( i. g.) by gavage,the dosage of which was 0. 8,0. 6,0. 45,0. 35 g /20 g,to determine the median lethal dose of compound Zhuqin extract( LD50). In maximum tolerance experiment,mice in test group were given compound Zhuqin extract( i. g.) by gavage,the dosage of which was 0. 5 g /20 g,to determine the maximum tolerance dose( MTD); In the sub- chronic toxicity test,rats in test group were given compound Zhuqin extract( i. g.) by gavage for 30 d,the dosage of which was 2. 0,1. 5,1. 0 g /200 g,and normal saline negative control group was set. Clinic condition of rat was observed everyday,hematology,blood biochemistry,anatomy,organ index and organization pathological observation were conducted after test.[Results]The acute toxicity test failed to detect median lethal dose of compound Zhuqin extract; the weight differences were not significant( P 0. 05); some blood biochemical criterion and blood routine index had significant differences( 0. 01 P 0. 05),and some indexes had extremely differences( P 0. 01); organ index,necropsy and histopathology had abnormalities.[Conclusions] Compound Zhuqin extract was safe and reliable.     

Functions of Antiradiation Gel of RADIX SCUTELLARIAE and RADIX ET RHIZOMA GINSENG after UVB Irradiation

[Objective] To research the protective effects of antiradiation gel of RADIX SCUTELLARIAE and RADIX ET RHIZOMA GINSENG(Shen Qin Antiradiation Gel) on skin and immune system injury induced by UVB irradiation. [Methods] After Shen Qin Antiradiation Gel administration and UVB irradiation,changes of visceral index,skin histomorphology,and lymphocyte and blood platelet count were observed. transformation rate of splenic lymphocyte was detected by MTT method; and SOD activity in skin tissue homogenate was detected by enzymes and biochemical method. [Results] Shen Qin Antiradiation Gel could enhance the thymus index and lymphocyte count,increase the transformation rate of splenic lymphocyte and the SOD activity in skin tissue of mice. [Conclusions] Shen Qin Antiradiation Gel could resist UVB irradiation,and significantly protected the immune system and skin tissue of mice.     

Immunomodulatory Effects of Yupingfeng Polysaccharides on Immunosuppressed Mice

[Objective] To discuss the protection and regulatory effects of Yupingfeng polysaccharides on immunosuppressed mice. [Methods] The immunosuppressive mice model was established by 80 mg / kg cyclophosphamide. The spleen index,spleen lymphocyte proliferation capability,serum hemolysin antibody generation and serum IL-2 level of mice were researched,so as to observe the effects of Yupingfeng polysaccharides at different dosages( 100,200,400 mg / kg). [Results] Yupingfeng polysaccharides enhanced the spleen index of immunosuppressed mice,improved the proliferation capability of spleen lymphocyte,promoted the generation of serum hemolysin antibody in normal mice,and protected against the secretion reduction of serum hemolysin antibody induced by cyclophosphamide. Besides,Yupingfeng polysaccharides enhanced the IL-2 levels in serum of both immunosuppressed and normal mice,especially that the middle-and low-dosage groups had relatively significant effects.[Conclusions] Yupingfeng polysaccharides protected against the immunosuppression of mice induced by cyclophosphamide,enhanced the immune function and protected the spleen function of mice.     

The Protection and Regulatory Effects of Yupingfeng Polysaccharides on Mice with Immune Function Damage

[Objective] To discuss the protection and regulatory effects of Yupingfeng polysaccharides on mice with immune function damage.[Methods]The immunosuppressive mice mode was established by 80 mg/kg cyclophosphamide. Effects of different dosages of Yupingfeng polysaccharides( 150,300,600 mg / kg) on structure and function recovery of mice immune organs were observed. [Results]The thymus and spleen in mice enlarged significantly; spleen index of mice increased obviously; splenic lymphocyte proliferation and transformation capacitates and NK cell activity all increased significantly( P 0. 05 or P 0. 01). Besides,spleen structure was damaged with compensatory hyperplasia of lymphoid tissue. Observation of polysaccharides positive control group( no administration of cyclophosphamide) showed that after mice were stimulated by Yupingfeng polysaccharides,spleens showed structural hyperplasia and hypertrophy. [Conclusions]Yupingfeng polysaccharides significantly promoted the structural and functional compensation of spleen after immunosuppression,and had obvious enhancement effects on spleen functions of normal mice.     

抗疲劳功能性食品复方添加剂安全毒理学初步试验

本实验对自行设计的一种抗疲劳功能性食品复方添加剂进行了急性毒性试验和30天喂养试验。结果表明,该添加剂对小鼠的LD50＞15g/㎏,属于无毒物质。将该添加剂以10%的比例添加到鼠料中喂养小鼠30天,饲养期间小鼠一般情况良好;饲养结束后有关结构观察和指标测定表明,小鼠主要组织器官解剖学结构、显微结构及超微结构无病理学改变,功能正常。因此,该添加剂对小鼠的 MNL＞10g/㎏,亚慢性毒性极低。     

The Anti-inflammatory Effects of CORTEX PHELLODENDRI in Acute Inflammation Animal Model

[Objective] To research on the anti-inflammatory effects of CORTEX PHELLODENDRI in acute inflammation animal model.[Methods]Two acute inflammation animal models were established,including the auricle swelling test model of mice induced by xylene,and the abdominal capillary permeability model of mice induced by 1% glacial acetic acid. The anti-inflammatory effects of CORTEX PHELLODENDRI were observed. [Results]CORTEX PHELLODENDRI had different inhibitory effects on the auricle swelling of mice induced by xylene,and the abdominal capillary permeability of mice induced by 1% glacial acetic acid. The alkaloid part had significant differences with model group(P 0. 05 or P 0. 01). [Conclusions]Alkaloid part had good anti-inflammatory effects; while the effects of n-butanol,ethyl acetate,chloroform and petroleum ether parts were in different degrees.     

油樟叶挥发油的皮肤和眼睛毒理学研究

目的 研究油樟叶挥发油对皮肤和眼睛的刺激性及其光毒性。方法 通过一次给药和多次给药皮肤刺激试验、一次给药和多次给药的眼睛刺激试验和皮肤光毒性试验,观察皮肤反应和眼睛反应,评价其皮肤刺激性、眼睛刺激性和光毒性。 结果 一次和多次用药高、中剂量油樟叶挥发油对破损皮肤有可逆性刺激,低剂量无刺激;三个剂量对完整皮肤均无刺激。一次用药对眼睛有轻微可逆刺激,多次用药刺激个别个体不可逆。油樟叶挥发油无光毒性。结论 中剂量以下油樟叶挥发油皮肤用药较为安全,眼睛用药要慎重。     

Extraction Technology and Anti-depression Activity of Saponins from Lilium brownii

[Objective]To investigate the extraction technology of saponins from lily(Lilium brownii) and the anti-depressant activity of saponins. [Methods]The saponins extraction was optimized by an L9(34) orthogonal design with the volume fraction of ethanol,amount of ethanol,extraction time as factors,using saponins extraction rate as index. Kunming mice tested were divided into normal control group(constant volume of normal saline),fluoxetine group(0. 004 g /kg) and high-dose,medium-dose and low-dose lily saponins groups(0. 1,0. 05 and0. 025 g /kg). The duration of immobility within 4 min were recorded in tail suspension test and forced swimming test. Body temperatures of mice were recorded at 4 h after modeling in reserpine-induced hypothermia test. [Results]The optimal extraction technology of lily saponins was as follows: extraction with 70% ethanol once,lasting for 3 h. Compared with normal control group,the duration of immobility within 4 min in tail suspension test and forced swimming test were decreased in medium-dose and low-dose lily saponins groups(P 0. 05); the body temperature of mice was decreased at 4 h after modeling(P 0. 05). [Conclusions]Lily saponins have certain anti-depressant activity in mice.     

复方黄连乳腺炎注射液的药理作用与安全性研究

为了探讨复方黄连乳腺炎注射液的药理作用及安全性,为兽医临床用药提供理论依据。采用小鼠耳廓肿胀、毛细血管通透性、和棉球诱发小鼠肉芽组织增生方法研究了复方黄连乳腺炎注射液的抗炎作用;采用小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞、小鼠吞噬细胞碳粒廓清能力、以及胸腺指数、脾脏指数研究了该注射液的免疫作用;采用改进Karber法,以半数致死量(LD50)作为评价急性毒性强度的指标,研究了该注射液的急性毒性,并对该注射液的热源性、刺激性进行了检测。结果表明：复方黄连乳腺炎注射液高、中剂量组对小鼠耳廓的肿胀度分别为1.24、1.78 mg,与对照组(生理盐水)的肿胀度(2.94 mg)相比差异极显著(P＜0.01);对毛细血管通透性的OD值,高、中、低剂量组分别为0.05、0.14、0.14,与对照组（生理盐水）的OD值(0.21)相比差异极显著(P＜0.01);对小鼠肉芽组织增重,高、中、低剂量组分别为10.18、8.10、10.16 mg,与对照组肉芽组织增重(11.90 mg)相比差异极显著(P＜0.01);高、中、低剂量组对小鼠胸腺指数、脾指数的增加有极显著性差异(P<0.01);高、中剂量组对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬红细胞能力与对照组比较具有极显著性差异(P<0.01);高剂量组对小鼠吞噬细胞碳粒廓清能力与对照组相比差异极显著(P<0.01),中剂量、低剂量与对照组相比差异不显著;急性毒性试验LD50为11222.77 mg/kg。数据表明复方黄连乳腺炎注射液对急性和慢性炎症有显著的抗炎作用,能增强机体的免疫功能,且安全可靠。     

Acute Toxicity Test of Abrus cantoniensis Hance Extract

[Objectives]To investigate the acute toxicity of petroleum ether extract,n-butanol extract,ethyl acetate extract and water extract to mice.[Methods]The medium l...     

Preventive Effects of Vitamin C And Polysaccharides in Dioscrea pposite Thunb. on Cadmium-induced Liver Injury in Mice

[Objective]To investigate the preventive protective effects and its mechanism of vitamin C and polysaccharide in Dioscrea pposite Thunb. on cadmium-induced liver damage in mice. [Methods]50 Kunming mice were randomly divided into control group,model group,D. pposite polysaccharides protection group,vitamin C protection group,D. pposite polysaccharides and vitamin C protection group. At the 7th day of feeding,the mice were given saline by gavage,and the mice in other groups were intraperitoneally injected with 3. 0 mg /kg CdCl2 solution. 24 hours after injection,blood was collected for ALT and AST test. Then,mice were sacrificed and the livers were removed for the calculation of hepatosomatic index(liver weight / body weight). Also,the liver homogenates were prepared for the determination of SOD and GSHPx activities and the of MDA and NO contents. [Results]Compared with the mice in model group,the liver-somatic index,serum ALT,AST activity,and contents of liver MDA and NO reduced,the activities of SOD and GSH-Px,and the content of GSH improved in D. pposite polysaccharides and vitamin C protection group(*P 0. 05,**P 0. 01). Compared with the model grfoup,the protective effects of D. pposite polysaccharides combined with vitamin C strengthened(**P 0. 01). [Conclusions]The combination of D. pposite polysaccharides and vitamin C has preventive protection effects on cadmium-induced liver injury in mice by antagonizing cadmium and /or oxidative stress. The application of D. pposite polysaccharides combined with vitamin C had a synergistic effect.     

副猪嗜血杆菌间接血凝诊断液的制备

【目的】建立一种便于检测副猪嗜血杆菌抗体的方法。【方法】将分离纯化的副猪嗜血杆菌5型超声裂解后,致敏双醛处理的健康绵羊红细胞,制成副猪嗜血杆菌5型间接血凝诊断液,检测该诊断液的活力及特异性。【结果】该诊断液特异性强,仅与副猪嗜血杆菌5型阳性血清发生凝集反应。活力也比较高,达到1:512以上,可以用其进行副猪嗜血杆菌疫苗免疫后抗体检测。【结论】该间接血凝诊断液成功制备为广大兽医化验人员提供一种简单、快速、经济的检测副猪嗜血杆菌抗体的方法,为副猪嗜血杆菌病的诊断和防治提供一种有效的手段     

白参菌发酵茶品质及安全性研究

摘 要：以稍微粗老的晒青茶为原料，接种白参菌进行固态发酵，对比研究发酵前后的品质及安全性。结果表明白参菌发酵茶品质综合评分较原料提高31%，品质明显改善，汤色由黄绿转变为橙红，粗老味消失，滋味变醇，又增添了菌香味，口感较为协调。白参菌发酵茶和原料的小鼠急性经口毒性试验效果一样，小鼠给受试物后观察14天，体重增长，全部存活，最大耐受量(MDT)大于15000 mg/(kg·bw)，相当于成人每日平均拟用量6 g[100 mg/(kg·bw)]的150倍，参照急性毒性试验标准，白参菌茶和原料一样属无毒级茶饮品。     

The Effect of Arbutin on Mice Brain Cells after Ischemia-reperfusion Injury

[Objective]To study the effect of the Chinese traditional medicine arbutin on brain cells after ischemia-reperfusion injury and provide a theoretical foundation for its clinical application. [Methods]Forty Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups,namely the blank group,the ischemia-reperfusion group,the chemoprophylaxis group and the medication group. The cerebral ischemia-reprefusion model,made according to the principle of brain damage caused by ischemia,was stained with TTC and HE to observe cells' morphological changes.SOD activity,MDA content and GSH-Px activity in brain tissues were tested. [Results]Compared with the ischemia-reperfusion group,necrosis of ischemia areas stained by TTC in the chemoprophylaxis group and the medication group was less obvious. HE staining showed the alleviation of cells damage. The enhancement of SOD activity and that of GSH-Px activity showed significant differences. MDA content was reduced(P 0.05 for both). [Conclusions]Arbutin had antioxidant properties which can effectively prevent and protect brain cells from damage.     

Study on Screening of Anti-inflammatory Activity Areas in the Stems and Leaves of Platycodon grandiflorum

[Objective]To study anti-inflammatory effects of water extract of the stems and leaves of Platycodon grandiflorum. [Methods]Observed anti-inflammatory effects of extract of the stems and leaves of Platycodon grandiflorum using 4 kinds of animal models of acute inflammation which was consisted of rats footpad swelling induced by egg white,ear swelling caused by xylene in mice,celiac capillary permeation in mice induced by 1% glacial acetic acid and content of PGE2in inflammatory tissue of rats' swelling foot induced by egg white. [Results]Extract of the stems and leaves of Platycodon grandiflorum had a certain degree inhibition effect on ear swelling caused by xylene in mice,rats' footpad swelling and content of PGE2in inflammatory tissue of rats' swelling foot induced by egg white and celiac capillary permeation in mice induced by acute inflammation. Compared with model group,parts of the stems and leaves of Platycodon grandiflorum that contained alkaloid were of significant differences( P 0. 05 or P 0. 01). [Conclusions] Parts of the stems and leaves of Platycodon grandiflorum that contained alkaloid had strong anti-inflammatory effects and other parts also had various degrees of anti-inflammatory effects.     

氨基酸有机复混肥对烤烟生长发育、产量产值及品质的影响

氨基酸有机复混肥试验通过在云南省昆明市、文山州、普洱市、临沧市进行。研究结果表明：施用氨基酸复混肥有利于烟株早生快发的作用,有利于提高亩产量、亩产值、均价、上等烟比例和上中等烟比例,对烟株生长发育均有所提前;施用氨基酸有机复混肥能提高烟叶中氮含量、烟碱含量,能降低总糖含量、还原糖含量;评析结果为香气质较多、杂气较小、刺激性较大,其余无明显变化。     

Anti-bacterial Effects in Vitro of Jinweng Zhili Granules and Its Antipyretic and Anti-inflammatory Effects on Animal

[Objective] To research the anti-bacterial effects in vitro of Jinweng Zhili Granules and its antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects on animal. [Methods]Anti-bacterial effects of Jinweng Zhili Granules were detected by MIC method and drug sensitive test. A total of60 male Kunming mice were randomly divided into blank control group,aspirin group,low-dosage group of Jinweng Zhili Granules,middledosage group of Jinweng Zhili Granules,and high-dosage group of Jinweng Zhili Granules. Mice were given drugs by gavage for 7 d. Swelling degree of ear slice was calculated and the anti-inflammatory effects were analyzed. A total of 60 rabbits were randomly divided into high-dosage group of Jinweng Zhili Granules,middle-dosage group of Jinweng Zhili Granules,low-dosage group of Jinweng Zhili Granules,positive drug group,blank control group and model group. Endotoxin was administrated through the ear venous in order to establish febrile model. Effects of Jinweng Zhili Granules on the body temperature of febrile rabbits induced by endotoxin were analyzed. Blood was collected by heart blood collection method. When the plasma was separated,cA MP content in rabbits were detected. [Results] The MIC values to Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,Clostridium welchii,Salmonella typhimurium,Candida albicans were 3. 75,1. 875,15,7. 5 and 7. 5 mg / mL,respectively. The swelling degree of mice slice in model group reached 121. 7%. And the swelling degrees in high- and middle-dosage groups of Jinweng Zhili Granules were 55. 6% and 56. 2%,respectively,which had extremely significant differences with that of model group( P 0. 01).Jinweng Zhili Granules reduced the body temperature of febrile rabbits induced by endotoxin. The cA MP content in model group was 34. 13 pmol / mL; and the cA MP contents in high-and low-dosage groups were 24. 74 and 26. 61 pmol / mL,respectively,which had extremely significant differences compared with model group( P 0. 01). [Conclusions]Jinweng Zhili Granules had anti-bacteria,anti-inflammation and antipyretic effects.     

Experimental Study of Penthorum chinense Pursh on Mouse with Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

[Objective] To explore the prevention effect of Penthorum chinense Pursh on alcoholic fatty liver disease in mouse. [Methods]Healthy Kunming SPF mouse were used in the test and with the modified modeling method established by Fan Jiangao et al.,mouse were fed with high fat diet and intragastric administration of alcohol at the dose of 3( BW) g / kg( 0. 1( BW) m L /10 g). While modeling,the Penthorum chinense Pursh extract was administrated for intervention,TPN was used as control. The general conditions of mouse were observed,the liver coefficient was detected and the blood was sampled from eyeballs for detection of serum TG,TC,ALT,AST and MDA.[Results]The alcoholic fatty liver disease occurred in mouse 3 weeks after modeling. The liver fat in Penthorum chinense Pursh extract group improved significantly and the serum TG,TC,ALT and AST in Penthorum chinense Pursh extract group decreased significantly compared with model group( p 0. 05,p 0. 01). The serum MDA in Penthorum chinense Pursh extract group decreased compared with model group,but it was of no statistical significance.[Conclusions] Penthorum chinense Pursh had good effects on preventing and curing alcoholic fatty liver disease.     

生防细菌枯草芽孢杆菌A97对小鼠的急性毒理作用研究

枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)A97是一株具有广谱抗真菌活性的生防细菌,对常见果蔬采后病害有显著防治效果。通过小鼠急性经口毒性和细菌移位试验,评价B.subtilis A97及其代谢产物对哺乳动物的生物安全性,为该菌株在果蔬采后病害防治中的安全应用提供依据。采用最大剂量耐受法连续14 d每天对小鼠灌喂菌体浓度为1.0×109 CFU/m L的B.subtilis A97发酵液0.4 m L(对照组灌喂无菌生理盐水),观察和测定小鼠的一般体征、脏器指数、血相和肝脏生化等指标,并检测小鼠血液和组织中是否发生细菌移位。结果表明,B.subtilis A97发酵液对小鼠的半数致死剂量大于20 000 mg/kg BW,各处理组小鼠未出现明显中毒症状及死亡现象。处理组小鼠一般体征、脏器指数、血清和肝脏生化指标与对照组相比差异不显著,且小鼠血液和其他组织样本中均未检测到由B.subtilis A97引起的细菌移位。由此推断B.subtilis A97及其代谢产物对哺乳动物安全无毒副作用,可在农业生产中使用。     

飞机草的急性LD50测定和亚急性毒性研究

给昆明种雌性小白鼠经口灌服飞机草水提物,用改良寇氏法测定了飞机草全草的急性LD50;另取一批小白鼠,每隔3d分别用浓度为5g/ml、2.5g/ml、1.25g/ml和0.625g/ml的飞机草水提物经口灌服一次,共灌服5次,进行试验期为35d的飞机草亚急性毒性试验。结果发现,飞机草全草水提物对昆明种雌性小白鼠的急性LD50为227091.02mg/kg,95%可信限为227090.96~227091.07 mg/kg,即飞机草水提物对昆明种雌性小白鼠实际无毒。但飞机草具有亚急性毒性作用,供试小白鼠出现中毒体