绵羊过食的救治

通常绵羊过食(瘤胃积食)均采用保守疗法,对过食症状轻微的有一定疗效和治愈率。对过食量大,特别偷吃大量玉米、黄豆等症状严重的病羊效果不好,甚至束手无策。保守疗法病程长,死亡率高。临床上笔者采用瘤胃切开手术治疗绵羊过食7例,全部治愈,收到十分满意的效果。1.发病情况:我鲁河乡前卫村刘某一只5月龄母绵羊,于2001年5月5日送我站就诊。病羊于2天前过食了土豆丝和玉米面混合饲料,经自己灌服食醋、豆油没见好。2.临床症状:患羊表现精神沉郁,食欲废绝,磨牙,有时呻吟,胀肚,轻度鼓气,瘤胃内容物充满,反刍停止,眼球下陷。3.治疗过程:采用常规瘤…     

黄牛过食马铃薯致瘤胃酸中毒病例的诊疗

瘤胃酸中毒的发生多以过食精料 (玉米 )而最为常见。但过食马铃薯尚且不多。 1998年 7月 15日 ,前洪阳马正森将新产的马铃薯 30kg煮熟捣碎后分两次喂牛。次日上午发现该牛趴卧、肚胀、拉稀、不倒嚼。1　症状　母牛 ,6岁 ,体况中等 ,精神沉郁 ,鼻镜干燥 ,眼球下陷 ,行动迟缓 ,步态不稳。听诊 ,心动过速 ,弱。肺音粗厉 ,呼吸浅表。瘤胃蠕动音绝止 ,触之柔软 ,腹围增大。患牛视觉障碍、眼睑反射消失。患牛喜卧 ,起立困难 ,两后肢前踏、蹄温增高 ,便稀溏、恶臭。取瘤胃液检查PH值 5 .0 ,体温 39.3℃ ,心跳 12 6次 /分 ,呼吸 6 5次 /分。初诊 :…     

奶山羊实验性过食黄豆的血液学研究

20只装置永久性瘤胃瘘管的假定健康奶山羊进行了过食黄豆对其血液理化性质影响的研究。结果表明,一次给予40、00、80g/kgwt黄豆,分别可导致发病,明显临床症状和死亡;过食黄豆是一个由酸中毒转入以氨中毒为主的代谢性碱中毒的全过程,血氨浓度与黄豆的给予量呈正相关;血液pH值先下降(7.13±0.22,P<0.01)而后上升(7.86±0.25,P<0.01),血浆CO_2CP先降低(12.03±2.73mmol/L,P<0.05)而后升高(22.76±0.76mmol/L,P<0.01),血乳酸先升高(2.07±0.22,P<0.01)后降低(1.23±0.05mmol/L,P<0.01);血氨、血pH值及血浆CO_2CP的升高,是过食黄豆在血液理化性质方面的特征。     

牛过食谷物所致酸中毒的诊疗研究

对264头因过食谷物所致的酸中毒病牛，采用药物治疗、导胃洗胃、外科手术等方法相结合进行了治疗，结果：治愈160例，治愈率60．6％。实践证明，早期发现，采用综合疗法，可以获得较好的治疗效果。     

绵羊实验性乳酸酸中毒研究Ⅰ.乳酸酸中毒动物模型的建立

12只2～3岁健康绵羊被分为3组:Ⅰ和Ⅲ且组各3只,Ⅱ组6只。Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组分别按2.5,5.0和10.0g/kg瘤胃内注入50％D-L消旋体乳酸溶液。各处理组均出现酸中毒的症状,Ⅰ组轻微,Ⅲ组最重。其主要临床表现是瘤胃蠕动音减弱或消失,瘤胃液pH下降,瘤胃内革兰氏阳性菌的比例增加,脱水及心血管功能衰竭。各组绵羊血乳酸≥2.78mmol/L时,即出现酸中毒的全身症状。因此,血乳酸2.78mmol/L可作为绵羊乳酸酸中毒的临界值。     

实验性绵羊慢性氟中毒的病理形态学研究

一岁半左右高山细毛羯羊每日随饲料摄入O.15克NaF,持续近一年即可诱发慢性氟中毒。其中毒表现除具有前人证实的骨齿损害外,且有软组织器官的损害。主要表现为肝脏和肾脏实质细胞退行性变,间质增生。膀胱壁固有层结缔组织内毛细血管增生。用透射电镜对骨、齿超微结构的研究,国内外均未见报道。本研究结果表明骨基质内胶原原纤维排列不整齐,肿胀、断裂,着色不匀或者似干柴状,部分病例可见胶原原纤维周期性横纹不清晰。牙本质的胶原原纤维排列不整齐,着色不匀。甲状腺腺细胞透射电镜观察结果对照组与实验组无明显差异。 组织含氟量测定,实验组肋骨为5142±725ppm,统计学分析与对照组差异极显著(P<0.01)。而肾脏、背最长肌含氟量两组差异不显著。     

Determination of the source of increased serotonin (5-HT) concentrations in blood and peritoneal fluid of colic horses with compromised bowel

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Increased plasma (5-HT) concentrations are reported in horses predisposed to develop laminitis and after i.v. infusion of endotoxins. In the equine jejunum contractile 5-HT1A-like receptors show tachyphylaxia upon prolonged activation with 5-HT. Therefore, increased systemic 5-HT release in colic horses could play a possible role in the pathophysiology of ileus. OBJECTIVE: To investigate possible increased systemic release of 5-HT in colic horses with compromised bowel and to identify the source of 5-HT overload. METHODS: Concentrations of 5-HT were determined in plasma and peritoneal fluid (PF) of healthy horses (n = 10), strangulating small intestinal colic horses (n = 18), nonsurgical colic horses (n = 10) and cryptorchid stallions (n = 6). It was attempted to identify the source of 5-HT overload by comparing the blood and PF 5-HT concentrations within horses and by assessing the in vivo platelet activation through determination of the beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG)/platelet factor 4 (PF4) ratio. RESULTS: All horses in the strangulating small intestinal colic group had plasma (P = 0.006) and PF (P = 0.01) 5-HT concentrations above those found in the control group. Plasma beta-TG/PF4 ratio in these horses exceeded 2 in all cases, indicating in vivo platelet activation. Concentrations of 5-HT in PF of colic horses with compromised bowel were significantly lower than the corresponding plasma concentrations (P = 0.005). Potential relevance: In horses with compromised bowel, significant amounts of 5-HT can be released into the systemic circulation, through massive release of platelet-stored 5-HT. 5-HT is a very potent proinflammatory, vasoconstrictive and immunomodulatory agent. In view of the rapid and prolonged tachyphylaxia, shown for the jejunal 5-HT1A-like receptors, this increased systemic 5-HT release could play a role in the pathophysiology of ileus in horses.     

Massive envenomation by Vespula spp. in two dogs.

Two dogs, a 5 year old golden retriever and a 5 year old yellow Labrador, were stung by numerous yellow jackets (Vespula sup.). Both dogs exhibited signs consistent with direct toxic effect of the wasp venom. The laborador was more severely affected, and was euthanized less than 24 hours after after admission. On postmorten, changes were seen that were consistent with anaphylaxis and disseminated intravascular coagulation. The golden retriever, although exhibiting respiratory distress, prolongation of coagualtion, and increased liver enzymes, eventually made a full recovery.