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玉米产量与主要农艺性状的灰色关联度分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
利用灰色系统理论,对玉米产量与株高等7个农艺性状的关联度进行了分析。结果表明,产量与7个性状的关联序为:穗行数〉单株粒重〉穗位高〉株高〉百粒重〉结实长〉穗长。因此,选育高产玉米杂交种时,应重视穗行数、单株粒重、穗位高以及株高。 相似文献
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玉米杂交种产量性状与穗位叶光合性状关联度分析 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
玉米的产量是由多个因素共同作用的结果,果穗产量性状是其直接表现。玉米植株中部叶片尤其是穗位叶的光合性状对籽粒产量的形成具有重要作用。因此,分析玉米穗位叶光合性状与玉米杂交种产量性状间的相互关系对选育高产、优质、抗病、广适玉米新杂交种具有重要意义。此文应用灰色关联度分析方法,对玉米杂交种穗部产量性状与穗位光合性状间的相关性进行了分析。结果表明:与玉米杂交种单穗粒重最为相关的穗部光合性状是穗位茎节长,其次是叶面积、叶长、光合效率和比叶重等。对玉米杂交种穗部产量性状综合影响较大的穗位光合性状有穗位茎节长、叶长、比叶重等。 相似文献
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玉米产量性状与产量的灰色关联度分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
应用灰色关联度分析法对11个玉米单交种的6个数量性状与籽粒产量进行分析,结果表明:玉米单交种的产量与各产量性状关联度的大小顺序为:出籽率>行粒数>穗粗>百粒重>结实长>粒行数.目的是为高产玉米杂交种的选育提供科学依据. 相似文献
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玉米6个产量性状与产量的灰色关联度分析 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
应用灰色关联度分析法,对玉米12个组合的6个主要数量性状与籽粒产量进行分析.结果表明:玉米单交种的产量与各产量性状关联度的大小顺序为:结实长>百粒重>穗位>株高>生育期>行数.目的是为高产玉米杂交种的选育提供科学依据. 相似文献
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该文对1983 ̄1994年南方冬麦区小麦良种区域试验毕节试点6轮参试品种(系)的产量及主要产量构成性状的演变进行了分析,结果表明,近期内育成小麦品种的穗粒数和穗粒重均较高,系丰产潜力提高的2个重要因素。灰色关联度分析结果表明,4个产量性状与数量的关联度大小依次为穗粒重〉穗粒数〉亩有效穗数〉千粒重,为小麦高产育种提供重要的理论依据。 相似文献
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高产栽培条件下夏玉米穗部性状研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文采用灰色关联分析理论,对16个玉米杂交种穗部性状与产量的关系进行研究。结果表明,在高产栽培条件下,玉米产量与穗部性状的关联度排序为:粒数/m2>千粒重>穗粒数>出籽率>穗行数>行粒数>穗粗>穗数/hm2>穗长>秃尖长。进一步分析表明与高产栽培条件相适应的杂交种是单位面积粒数较多、穗粒数和千粒重较高的中大穗耐密型玉米杂交种,出籽率较高;从玉米的形态性状来看,穗行数和穗粗对产量的影响大于行粒数和穗长对产量的影响。 相似文献
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灰以系统理论在玉米育种上的综合应用 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
利用灰色系统理论,分析了8个影响玉米单交种产量相关因素,结果表明,产量因素与产量的关系依次为粒数〉百粒重〉穗长〉株高〉穗行数〉穗位高〉穗粗〉播种至抽丝天数。研究了18个玉米杂交组合的优劣,将18个玉米杂交组合为分为3类。同时对自交系进行了分析,表明综31和P167是较好的自交系。初步探讨了灰色系统理论在玉米育种上的综合应用。 相似文献
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Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] plant density for maximum yield in Japan is usually from 16 to 25 plants m−2 . The objective of this study was to compare yield and yield components, especially node number between square- and zigzag- (an equilateral triangle-planting pattern or plants in the row offset from each other) planting patterns within a range of plant populations (16, 20 and 25 plants m−2 ).
Field experiments with cultivar Enrei (Maturity Group VII) were conducted in the field at Niigata University on a loamy sand soil in 1991, 1992 and 1993.
Yield increased as density decreased in 1991 and as density increased in 1992 and 1993. This result seemed to be due to adverse weather conditions during seed filling in 1991. Yield tended to be higher in zigzag- than in square-planting patterns except at 20 plants m−2 . Seed number m−2 due to increased yield was highly correlated with branch node number. The yield increase was caused by an increase in total node number, especially branch node number m−2 (about 60 % contribution at 16 plants m−2 and about 40 % contribution at 25 plants m−2 ). 相似文献
Field experiments with cultivar Enrei (Maturity Group VII) were conducted in the field at Niigata University on a loamy sand soil in 1991, 1992 and 1993.
Yield increased as density decreased in 1991 and as density increased in 1992 and 1993. This result seemed to be due to adverse weather conditions during seed filling in 1991. Yield tended to be higher in zigzag- than in square-planting patterns except at 20 plants m
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宁春50号是宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所育成的高产优质广适小麦新品种,用品种鉴定、品比试验、区试试验、生产试验以及大面积生产示范、农田生产等多年多点试验示范对该品种进行了产量形成及稳定性分析,以期为当前高产小麦育种栽培提供借鉴.结果表明,宁春50号较对照宁春4号表现出了较高的产量;宁春50号稳定性与宁春4号相当,在2007年区试中宁春50号丰产稳产性都高于宁春4号,在稳定性产量上还有提高的潜力;在不同区域条件下,宁春50号和宁春4号产量及产量构成变化幅度基本一致,变化幅度最大的为穗粒数,千粒重次之,穗数最低;宁春50号产量及产量构成平均值较宁春4号都高,表明宁春50号具有较好的遗传特性,增产潜力明显;产量达到8 000 kg/hm2以上,平均穗数达到669.8×10 4穗/hm2,平均穗粒数为30.9粒/穗,千粒重为42.8 g,在5 000 kg/hm2到1 000 kg/hm2产量水平变化过程中,穗数、千粒重都呈现明显的递增趋势,而穗粒数变化趋势不明显;宁春50号产量增加与穗数、千粒重关系密切,相关系数分别为0.37、0.34,达到了极显著水平,与稳粒数关系未达到显著水平.宁春50号增产要提高穗数和千粒重,并采取相应的栽培管理措施. 相似文献
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干旱胁迫时期对水稻产量及产量性状的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了明确干旱胁迫对水稻产量及产量性状的影响,以粳稻品种农大3号为材料,利用盆栽的方式人工控制土壤水分(水势),研究了不同生育阶段干旱胁迫对产量及产量性状的影响。结果表明:任何时期干旱胁迫都会导致减产,孕穗中期、后期减产幅度最大,其次是分蘖中期、前期。分蘖后期(无效分蘖期)干旱虽然穗粒数有所增加,但是祢补不了由于穗数下降造成的产量损失,出穗前各阶段干旱胁迫的减产幅度大于出穗后各阶段。分蘖期干旱使单穴有效穗数减少,孕穗期干旱穗粒数减少;孕穗期、产量形成期(出穗—乳熟期)干旱千粒重、成熟粒率降低;孕穗中期干旱结实率下降,混合千粒重降低。干旱胁迫条件下,提高单穗平均粒数和混合千粒重有助于提高产量,提高饱满千粒重和混合千粒重有助于提高成熟粒率。 相似文献
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Useful light interception during reproductive stages is very important for soybean ( Glycine max (L.) Merr.) dry matter production. The objective of this experiment was to investigate the light utilization in the canopy for yield, and its components in the case of arranging branch direction to row direction with flat type (1/2 phyllotaxy) soybean. The field study was conducted in the field at Niigata University on a loamy sand soil at 25, 16 and 9 plants m−2 in 1994, 1995 and 1996, using cultivar 'Miyagishirome' (Maturity Group VII or VIII, phyllotaxy 1/2; branches develop flatly) with treatments so that branches developed at right angles direction (Type R) and in a parallel direction (Type P) to the direction of the row.
Total dry weight (TDW) was greater in Type R than in Type P. A higher leaf area index (LAI) was shown in Type R than in Type P in each plant density among the three years. More light penetrated into the canopy in Type R than in Type P. Higher TDW and LAI were produced by effective light interception at the canopy of Type R.
Yield and its components were greater in higher than lower density and tended to be greater in Type R than in Type P. Increased yield depend on seed, pod and node number m−2 . The increase of yield components in Type R was suggested to be due to favorable light condition in the canopy, compared with Type P. 相似文献
Total dry weight (TDW) was greater in Type R than in Type P. A higher leaf area index (LAI) was shown in Type R than in Type P in each plant density among the three years. More light penetrated into the canopy in Type R than in Type P. Higher TDW and LAI were produced by effective light interception at the canopy of Type R.
Yield and its components were greater in higher than lower density and tended to be greater in Type R than in Type P. Increased yield depend on seed, pod and node number m
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M. Hühn 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》1991,166(5):308-317
The harvest index Z is defined, for example for cereals, as the ratio between grain yield X and biological yield Y: Z = X/Y. In this paper the character associations among biological yield, grain yield and harvest index have been investigated theoretically by calculating the covariances and correlation coefficients between harvest index and grain yield and, additionally, between harvest index and biological yield. Explicit formulae are derived for these covariances and correlation coefficients and conclusions are derived and discussed. Many facts and relations among these characters which are well-known and frequently established by many experimental studies with quite different crops can be obtained and characterized by these theoretical investigations as necessary implications of the underlying statistical relationships.
Finally, all the theoretical studies and results are demonstrated and applied to a numerical example of winter-rapeseed data. 相似文献
Finally, all the theoretical studies and results are demonstrated and applied to a numerical example of winter-rapeseed data. 相似文献
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冬小麦产量形成模拟模型研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
根据小麦生理生态学理论,建立了冬小麦产量形成及最终产量模拟模型(WYSM),作为小麦生长模型的子模型。模型较为全面地考虑了孕穗期水分、低温霜冻、高温及生长后期干热风对冬小麦粒数的影响,将灌浆期分成3个阶段,引入3个品种参数,考虑每个阶段最大灌浆速率,并利用温度、水分、籽粒体内N/C比等因子进行修正,考虑源库限制,最后采用产量构成因素方法建立小麦最终产量模型。利用北京地区和河南地区不同年份和不同品种的试验资料对模型进行了验证。结果表明,WYSM模型对小麦产量构成因子及最终产量的模拟效果很好,模拟值与实测值吻合度高,粒数、粒重、产量及灌浆过程模拟的相对均方差(NRMSE)为4.2%~10.9%,相对误差(RE)绝对值的平均值为2.9%~6.7%,决定系数R2为0.88~0.99,说明模型不仅具有较强的机理性而且具有较高的预测性和适用性。 相似文献
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大豆产量和产量构成因子及倒伏性的QTL分析 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3
随机选取中豆29×中豆32重组自交系群体中165个家系作为2年田间试验材料,分析大豆单株产量、产量构成因子及倒伏性等性状的相关性和遗传效应,并检测各性状QTL。结果表明,38个与产量、产量构成因子及倒伏性状等有关的QTL,主要集中在C2、F和I连锁群。表型相关分析结果与QTL定位结果一致。在F连锁群上,2年均检测到倒伏QTL qLD-15-1,解释的表型变异超过20%,与百粒重和分枝荚数QTL分别位于相同和相邻标记区间,表明产量相关性状与倒伏性存在一定的关联。在I连锁群上,每荚粒数QTL和二、三、四粒荚数QTL不仅于同一位置,解释的表型变异为32%~65%,并且2个年份均重复出现,每荚粒数和四粒荚数QTL与二、三粒荚数QTL的增效基因分别来自不同的亲本。这4个粒荚性状QTL的共位性与表型相关分析结果一致,证实每荚粒数和四粒荚数与二、三粒荚数分别由不同的机制调控,对于育种上探讨以改良大豆粒荚性状为途径提高大豆产量,提供了重要依据。 相似文献