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A sensitive and reliable one step RT-PCR reaction with an internal control has been developed to detect and differentiate eight important viruses that affect stone fruit tress: Apple mosaic virus (ApMV), Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV), Prune dwarf virus (PDV), American plum line pattern virus (APLPV), Plum pox virus (PPV), Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), Apricot latent virus (ApLV) and Plum bark necrosis stem pitting associated virus (PBNSPaV). In addition, we investigated the detection limit and the efficiency of three different nucleic acid extraction methods that avoid the use of organic solvents, for both multiplex RT-PCR and dot-blot hybridisation assays. The primer cocktail was used to analyse 38 stone fruits originating from nine different countries and six species. A large number of virus combinations was detected and up to three different viruses were observed in five samples. A decrease in sensitivity was observed when the primer cocktail contained more than five different pair primers. However, comparative analyses showed that the multiplex RT-PCR containing the eight virus pair primers was even more sensitive than the ELISA or molecular hybridisation assays. The use of the multiplex RT-PCR technology in routine diagnosis of stone fruit tree viruses is discussed.  相似文献   

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由豇豆单胞锈菌(Uromyces vignae Barclay)引起的小豆锈病是小豆生产中危害最为严重的病害之一,建立早期分子检测技术体系对病害早期诊断和及时防控具有重要意义。本研究以豇豆单胞锈菌ITS序列为依据设计引物,结合已报道的单胞锈菌属特异检测引物,以豇豆单胞锈菌为目标菌,以茄链格孢、茄丝核菌、禾谷镰刀菌、稻瘟菌、苹果轮纹病菌、半裸镰刀菌、玉米链格孢菌、尖孢镰刀菌和禾顶囊壳等9种常见植物病原真菌为参照菌,采用CTAB法提取上述各菌株的基因组DNA,应用普通PCR技术筛选出豇豆单胞锈菌的特异性检测引物UV-ITS,在此基础上设计巢式PCR引物UV-MX,构建了基于巢式PCR的高灵敏度小豆锈病分子检测体系。该巢式PCR体系在基因组DNA浓度仅为4×10-6 ng·μL-1时仍可实现有效扩增,其灵敏度是普通PCR的10万倍。以感病小豆品种‘宝清红’接种锈菌后不同时间的叶片为材料检验检测体系的应用效果发现,接种后12 h的小豆叶片样本即可扩增出豇豆单胞锈菌的特异性条带。本研究建立的小豆锈病分子检测体系特异性强、灵敏度高,具备对潜伏期病害进行早期诊断的应用潜力,可为小豆锈病的早期快速诊断和及时防控提供重要的技术支撑。  相似文献   

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以穿刺巴斯德芽菌16S rDNA片段为靶标,通过对荧光定量PCR反应条件的摸索,建立该菌的荧光定量PCR检测方法.所选靶点最适退火温度60℃,正、反向引物的最佳浓度搭配为900、300 nmol/L;以Ct值和质粒拷贝浓度对数为坐标轴建立标准曲线,回归方程为y=-3.200×logx+ 34.43,R2值为0.998,PCR扩增效率为105.4%,对含穿刺巴斯德芽菌芽胞的土壤样品检测阈值为2×103个/g土壤.该方法敏感度高、特异性好,能够运用于穿刺巴斯德芽菌的定性、定量检测.  相似文献   

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小麦叶锈菌生理小种MFR的分子鉴定研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
 用AFLP方法对来自中国和墨西哥的23个小麦叶锈菌生理小种进行分析,共筛选了64对引物,获得一对引物(M05/E03)可在MFR小种中扩增出一条特异性DNA片段,进行回收、克隆、测序,结果表明该片段具有325个碱基。根据特异性片段序列设计出SCAR标记引物,对60个叶锈菌生理小种分离物进行回检结果表明,研制的SCAR标记能够准确区分MFR生理小种。本实验结果为小麦锈菌生理小种分子检测体系的建立奠定了基础  相似文献   

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尚晓楠  吴蓓蕾 《植物保护》2016,42(3):165-169
马铃薯X病毒(Potato virus X,PVX)是危害茄科作物的一种重要病毒,为了建立特异性检测PVX的实时荧光定量PCR体系,本研究以PVX-1985分离物中外壳蛋白(coat protein,CP)基因序列为模板,设计引物构建重组质粒并选择扩增效率高、特异性强的引物成功构建出标准曲线。利用建立的体系,成功检测到以含pCaPVX440侵染性克隆载体的农杆菌C58C1接种后的本氏烟(Nicotiana benthamiana)中PVX病毒RNA的拷贝数。  相似文献   

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ABSTRACT Conductive polymer analysis, a type of electronic aroma detection technology, was evaluated for its efficacy in the detection, identification, and discrimination of plant-pathogenic microorganisms on standardized media and in diseased plant tissues. The method is based on the acquisition of a diagnostic electronic fingerprint derived from multisensor responses to distinct mixtures of volatile metabolites released into sampled headspace. Protocols were established to apply this technology specifically to plant disease diagnosis. This involved development of standardized cultural methods, new instrument architecture for sampling, sample preparation, prerun procedures, run parameters and schedules, recognition files and libraries, data manipulations, and validation protocols for interpretations of results. The collective output from a 32-sensor array produced unique electronic aroma signature patterns diagnostic of individual microbial species in culture and specific pathogen-host combinations associated with diseased plants. The level of discrimination applied in identifications of unknowns was regulated by confidence level and sensitivity settings during construction of application-specific reference libraries for each category of microbe or microbe-host combination identified. Applications of this technology were demonstrated for the diagnosis of specific disease systems, including bacterial and fungal diseases and decays of trees; for host identifications; and for determinations of levels of infection and relatedness between microbial species. Other potential applications to plant pathology are discussed with some advantages and limitations for each type of diagnostic application.  相似文献   

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本文以检疫工作中所涉及的小蠹科昆虫辅助鉴定多媒体专家系统的构建过程为例,详细介绍了基于Taxokeys的昆虫辅助鉴定多媒体专家系统的构建方法,包括开发方法的选择,开发工具的选择,以及整个系统的开发过程;并在开发过程中对原平台系统进行了改进,使平台更适合于昆虫学专家以及口岸一线从事植物检疫的人员来构建辅助鉴定多媒体专家系统。  相似文献   

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香蕉炭疽菌rDNA ITS区的分子鉴定与检测   总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15  
 香蕉炭疽病菌(Colletordchum muscat)是一种引起香蕉采后病害的最重要病原,本研究用真菌18S~28S间的内转录间隔区(internal transcribed spacer,ITS)通用引物18SF和28SR扩增香蕉炭疽菌和其它外群真菌的基因组DNA,扩增出约510bp的片段;通过克隆测序香蕉炭疽菌的ITS全序列并与GenBank中炭疽菌属其它种的ITS序列比对,设计出香蕉炭疽菌的特异性引物ColM1和ColM2。用此特异引物可以从香蕉炭疽菌株中扩增出382bp的特异性片段,而其余20个参试菌株和香蕉组织的PCR反应结果为阴性,灵敏度实验证明可以检测到目标DNA的浓度为0.1Pg。该方法可用于快速、准确和灵敏地检测香蕉炭疽菌,为快速监测组织中有无香蕉炭疽病菌潜伏侵染与及早采取防治措施提供积极的指导意义。  相似文献   

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Despite numerous studies, viroid elimination from infected plants remains a very challenging task. This study introduces for the first time a novel ‘suspension depletion’ approach for exemption of Solanum jasminoides plants from viroids. The proposed method implies initial establishment of suspension cultures of the infected plant cells. The suspended cells were then physically treated (mild thermotherapy, 33 °C), which presumably delayed the replication of the viroid. The viroid concentration in the treated biomass was monitored weekly using pospiviroid‐specific PCR. After 10–12 weeks of continuous treatment, a sufficient decrease in viroid concentration was observed such that the infection became undetectable by PCR. The treated single cells then gave rise to microcolonies on a solid culture medium and the obtained viroid‐negative clones were further promoted to regenerate into viroid‐free plants. Three years of accumulated experimental data suggests feasibility, broad applicability, and good efficacy of the proposed approach.  相似文献   

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Fungicide resistance in plant pathogens is often caused by a single point mutation in a gene encoding fungicide target proteins. Such is the case for resistance to MBI-D (inhibitors of scytalone dehydratase in melanin biosynthesis) fungicides in rice blast fungus (Magnaporthe oryzae), which is caused by a mutation in the scytalone dehydratase gene that results in a replacement of valine with methionine at codon 75 of the fungicide target protein. PCR-Luminex, a novel system developed for high-throughput analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was successfully introduced to diagnose MBI-D resistance using specific oligonucleotide probes coupled with fluorescent beads. The PCR-Luminex system was further tested for its potential in identifying species causing Fusarium head blight on wheat. Four major pathogens, Fusarium graminearum (=F. asiaticum), F. culmorum, F. avenaceum, and Microdochium nivale, known to cause the disease, were tested, and the species were identified using the PCR-Luminex method. So far, this report is the first on the application of the DNA-based PCR-Luminex system in the area of crop protection and/or agricultural sciences.  相似文献   

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谷斑皮蠹分子检测方法   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
根据Simon(1994)发表的COI基因的通用引物,扩增了谷斑皮蠹、黑斑皮蠹、条斑皮蠹和花斑皮蠹不同地理种群的COI基因片段.经序列比对后,依据多态位点,设计了检测谷斑皮蠹的特异引物.PCR结果表明:引物可成功扩增出谷斑皮蠹样品的基因片段.而其他斑皮蠹属种类基因片段不能被扩增.  相似文献   

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苜蓿疫霉根腐病菌是我国检疫性有害生物之一.但是,目前国内尚无检测标准.笔者针对该病菌特异分子标记,设计了LAMP引物,建立了苜蓿疫霉根腐病菌恒温快速检测方法(巳申请发明专利).该方法快速、准确、无需PCR仪,很好地满足了口岸检疫部门的检测要求.  相似文献   

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应用分子生物学方法检测红火蚁   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
根据Simon(1994)发表的Cyt b基因的通用引物,扩增了红火蚁、黑火蚁及其杂交种不同地理种群的Cyt b基因片段.所测样品在Cyt b基因上存在两个不同单倍型.经序列比对后,根据核苷酸位点多态性,设计了检测红火蚁的特异引物.PCR实验结果表明:引物成功检测出所有红火蚁样品,而黑火蚁样品未被检出,该方法对不同虫态的红火蚁分子检测均有效.  相似文献   

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A reliable and rapid pathogen detection protocol that utilizes loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) was developed for detection of Erwinia amylovora, the casual agent of fire blight. The six LAMP primers applied were derived from the highly conserved fragment of the chromosomally amsH gene. Despite the proposed LAMP as well as nested PCR presenting equal values of sensitivity (2?×?101?CFU/ml or more) for pure cultures, as compared with conventional PCR (2?×?103?CFU/ml), both methods were together superior. The specificity assay also showed that the LAMP protocol is species-specific for detection of E. amylovora even in inter-species analysis. Meanwhile, when all 208 naturally infected samples were examined, the specificity value of LAMP was 84%, while conventional and nested PCR could detect only 59% and 73% of the whole collection. Significantly, an independent behaviour versus host plant as well as each strain origin was also observed regarding the current LAMP method as well as other two PCR-based methods. All the results, overall, indicated that the LAMP offers an interesting novel and convenient assay format for the quick and specific chromosomal detection and diagnostic tool of recognition of E. amylovora and therefore presents an alternative to PCR-based assays.  相似文献   

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European Journal of Plant Pathology - Chili anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum species is a major disease of chili leading to severe economic loss worldwide. Here, two new species-specific...  相似文献   

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