通辽市固日班花风电场风能储量分析

为了开发科尔沁沙地的风能资源,为其治理提供便捷、安全的能源,利用科尔沁沙地最典型地区奈曼旗固日班花风电场测风塔和奈曼气象站的风向、风速资料,对固日班花风电场的风能储量进行分析。结果表明,固日班花风电场塔高10、60、65、70、80 m处的年平均风速订正后分别为4.9、6.8、7.0、7.2、7.3 m/s;相应风功率密度分别为136.5、315.4、341.3、365.6、382.1 W/m2。逐月风速与逐月风功率密度年内变化规律基本一致。风电场风能资源较为丰富,达到了建设大型风电厂的要求。     

Integrated Control Strategy for Dual State Continuously Variable Transmission System

Continuously variable transmission (CVT) is the ideal transmission for automobile, it is also one of the most important research items of researchers and automobile companies all over the world. In order to research vehicle with torque converter as starter and metal pushing belt as high speed transmission equipment(dual state CVT system), based on the test data of engine and torque converter, the integrated control strategy for vehicle with dual state CVT system is proposed and integrated control simulation for car with dual state CVT system is finished at the condition of multi mode. The research results provide the theory method of analysing and designing for CVT vehicle.     

Wind Loads Distribution on Typical Vaulted Shells

The distribution characteristics of shape factors and fluctuating wind pressure coefficients on two vaulted shells were investigated by simultaneous measurement of external and internal wind pressures on static models in wind tunnel. The effects of orifices on bottom and blocking at ends on wind loads distribution are discussed. It is shown that the wind pressure distribution is significantly affected by changes on orifices at bottom and blocking at ends. Wind pressure on ends decrease effectively and wind pressure on surface is distributed smoothly by blocking ends with highly curved surface shell. Small orifices at bottom not only contribute to degreasing negative pressure because of count acting effects of internal and external pressures, but also to extending the positive pressures region and increasing positive pressures. Wind loads suggestions on these structures are described at end.     

Research of Wind Load on the Surface of YingLi Building in Chongqing

Considering the complicated distribution of wind load on the surface of the tall building, the 1:300 scale model test of YingLi building is completed in the No.2 environment wind tunnel, which belongs to the State Key Lab of Environmental Engineering College, Beijing University. Based on the calculation and analysis of the test results, this paper discusses the coefficient of wind-induced vibration and shape coefficient of wind load , gives the maximum and minimum value of surface wind load, which can be used for the wind resistant design and insure the security of the building under 100 years return period wind load.     

Analysis of wind load spectrum of super tall buildings with round section in hilly terrain wind field

In order to get wind load and wind induced response of super tall buildings in hilly terrain wind field, effect of changing of turbulent intensity on wind loads must be known. 4 kinds of turbulent wind field are simulated, and 3 super tall building models with round section of different aspect ratio are manufactured. Effects of turbulent intensity, aspect ratio and layer height on along-wind and across-wind load are discussed. Different models are used in fitting of wind load spectrum on each direction. Parameters of load spectrum models are secondary fitted based on turbulent intensity and aspect ratio. Mathematical models of wind load spectrum of super tall buildings with round section in hilly terrain are preliminarily established. At last, an example is provided. According to vertical profile of mean velocity, turbulent intensity and mathematical model of wind load spectrum, wind induced dynamic response of super tall buildings in hilly terrain and flat terrain are compared.     

安徽省最大风速时空分布不均匀性分析

利用安徽省近30年逐日最大风速资料,对安徽省最大风速集中度（MWSCD）和集中期（MWSCP）时空分布不均匀性进行了分析,最后讨论了影响安徽省MWSCD异常时的环流特征,结果发现：安徽省大部MWSCD多在0.06上下,其中山区MWSCD相对较低。淮北和江淮之间中东部MWSCP主要集中在18~24候之间,山区的MWSCP较晚,多集中在24~28候之间,MWSCD和MWSCP空间的差异主要是受地形分布影响的。MWSCD具有明显的年际变化,其高值年与低值年环流差异的对比上,高值年对流层高层,中国河套以西和以东为“+-”位势高度距平控制,同时对应一个气旋性环流和一个反气旋性环流,安徽处在气旋性环流的中心地带,对流层中层,安徽处在偏北风异常控制之下。在对流层低层,安徽省处在负异常位势高度的西南侧,在西北风的控制之下。     

The analysis of rotating blades effect onwind turbines macelle wind measurement

To improve the accuracy of wind measurement, computational fluid dynamics is adopted to simalate the impact of wind turbine blades with and without T-spoilers on the outflow field distribuation and the wind speed and direction measurement on the top of macelle. The simulation is arried out on a 5 MW wind turbines when the rated wind speed is 10.5 m/s and the rated speed of blades is 11.34 r/min. The calculation results show that the blades with T-spoilers have greater impact on the accuracy of anemometer and wind vane on the top of nacelle. Therefore,it’s recommended to move forward the wind measurement equipment 0.3 m and elevate them 1 m relative to the original position so that the measurement accuracy meets the design requirements.     

Wind Tunnel Test and Numerical Simulation of Wind Induced Loads on Complex Shaped High Rise Buildings

Taking a complex shaped high rise building as a case, the wind tunnel test with rigid model was carried out for wind load study. Meanwhile, with Fluent 6.1 software, the CFD numerical simulation had been performed with the RSM and the Non equilibrium Wall Functions. It was found that the results of the two methods were in good agreement. There were mainly positive pressures on the windward surface and negative pressures on the roof, the leeward surface and the side. Especially, negative pressure was higher in the leeward region at the building corner. And at the wind angle of 180°, the wind speed amplification effect was remarkable which was similar to those of canyons.     

THE CALCULATION OF ALONGWIND RESPONSE FOR TALL BUILDINGS

This paper investigates the dynamic response of tall buildings subject toalongwind loading.According to the assumptions of the fundamental parame-ters,the function of the first vibration mode and that of the mass model,thecomputer program AWCTS is compiled.The availability of the procedure in thispaper is verified through practical calculations and comparison of results.     

Research on the Body Coefficient of Complicated Tall Buildings

Considering the complication of the coefficient of wind-induced vibration for tall buildings,the scale 1:300 model test of Ying Li Building is completed in the second wind tunnel of Beijing University.Based on the calculation and analysis of the test results,the static and dynamic wind pressure acting on the building can be obtained and the value of the coefficient of wind-induced vibration for this tall building can be solved directly,thus a new way is laid for the research of complicated tall buildings.     

葡萄园风障防风固沙效果研究

为解决砂质土壤上葡萄生产过程中引起的土壤风蚀问题,以高粱杆、苇席和树枝为风障试验材料,利用风速廓线仪和风蚀盘对设置不同风障的葡萄园内外风速和风蚀量变化进行研究。结果表明葡萄园风障可有效降低葡萄园内风速,不同的风障材料对风速的降低效果不同,高粱杆风障防风效果最好,最高可降低风速38.22%。不同材料风障对葡萄园土壤保护效果不同,高粱杆风障的固沙效果最好,比对照降低了68.43%的风蚀量,风障在防风固沙的同时显著降低了因大风对葡萄叶片及果穗的危害。     

山东潍坊地区的一次大风冰雹强对流天气分析

为了更好地研究潍坊地区强对流天气的发生发展机制及特点,减少大风冰雹等灾害性天气带来的危害,为日后的春夏季节强对流天气预报工作提取可利用的预报指标,提高预报准确率,特对此次强对流天气过程进行诊断分析。本文利用常规气象资料进行剖面和探空分析,同时结合雷达和卫星云图等短时临近数值预报产品进行成因分析,得出此种强对流天气的发生特点和类型。结果表明,此次强对流天气的产生的重要原因是东北冷涡东移过程中分列出的高空槽。冰雹发生在2日的下午,此时低层升温明显,能量充足。前倾结构的高空槽使高层干冷空气叠加在低层暖湿空气上,导致不稳定层结出现,从而触发了强对流天气的发生。     

Independent pitch control strtegy anlysis of MW wind turbine

Under rel circumstnces, wind sher, tower shdow nd other fctors led to unblnced lods on wind wheel plne nd lrge tip displcement. While trditionl wind turbine control strtegy cnnot effectively solve the problem of uneven lod. In view of this, n individul pitch control strtegy is proposed by combining the liner qudrtic regultor with the disturbnce ccommodting control. Then this control strtegy is simulted under the environment of FAST nd Mtlb/Simulink softwre. Results show tht the proposed strtegy of individul pitch control cn reduce lods of min components nd improve opertionl life of wind turbines under wind sher cses.     

Remote on-line vibration test for multi-megawatt wind turbine

As the key components of the wind turbine transmission, wind turbine drivetrain is always working under the complex and time-varing conditions, like flexible tower supporting, variable wind and changing load. Thus drivetrain is no wonder the weakest part for the wind turbine and its vibration characteristics determine the reliability and operating life of the wind turbine. This paper proposes a remote on-line test method for drivetrain vibration based on an intellectual monitoring unit named WindCon. The vibration characteristics of the commonly used multi-megawatt wind turbine are summoned through analyzing the collected data in different working conditions. The wind field results show that the vibration of drivetrain is relatively complex, and it’s mainly manifested as a combination vibration of torsion, bending, and waving. Main frequencies of vibration of mainshaft, gearbox, and other parts in drivetrain are gear meshing frequencies and shaft rotating frequencies of each transmission stage especially high speed stage, and are accompanied by rotating frequencies modulation.     

The analysis of China wind power industry

The development course of China wind power industry is reviewed by six stages. National policies on wind power industry are elaborated from the aspects of laws & regulations, planning, finance & taxation and electrovalence policy. And these policies have played an important supporting and regulating role in the development of wind power industry. The development status of China wind power industry is analyzed based on wind turbine installed capacity, wind power output and their growth rate. It is explained that national wind turbine manufacturers have kept developing and become strong by the data of new global installed capacity share of mainland wind turbine manufacturers in 2013 and the new global market share of 8 domestic enterprises among the world top 15 wind turbine manufacturers. But there are still 5 key problems which influence the development of national wind turbine need to be solved, including lack of top-level design, abandon and restriction wind power seriously, lack of R&D abilities, some of the key parts relying on imports and wind turbine facing a quality guarantee dilemma. Taking Sinovel Wind Group Co. Ltd. and Xinjiang Goldwind Sci & Tech Co. Ltd., the two leading companies as an example, their performance is analyzed and it’s pointed out that the wind industry must keep vigilant after the overspeed development. The enterprises should try to avoid neglecting cultivating their inner core competitive ability, including technology advancements and products reliability. Occupying the market with low price competition and expanding blindly is also not desirable. At last, the development prospects of our country’s wind power industry are analyzed and three proposals are put forward.     

风廓线雷达资料在沈阳冰雹天气过程中的分析应用

本文利用风廓线雷达的基本产品、Micaps实况资料和区域自动站资料,对沈阳城区发生的一次冰雹天气过程进行分析,结果表明：此次冰雹是在冷涡背景下,高空存在横槽、逆温,触发的局地的强对流天气过程。降雹前高空由西北风转为偏西风,预示着横槽的到来,风廓线雷达对冷空气侵入的判别提前于常规观测资料。1000 m以下水平风的变化与降雹时间及强度有较好的对应。高空水平风速≥12 m/s的风速带在降雹前1h达到峰值。高空急流区在冰雹发生前20~25min出现急流动量下传,为冰雹的产生提供动力条件。降雹阶段探测高度明显增加,主要是由于空气湿度增大和高层存在大量冰晶粒子所致。冰雹过程中,冰晶粒子主要集中在1900 m以下。降雹前25min垂直风切变增大,并在降雹前20min达到极值,垂直风切变的变化与急流的变化相对应。垂直速度达到极值对应的并不是降雹的开始,低层信噪比＞60 dB,对应降雹开始,信噪比对于冰雹的敏感程度比垂直速度高。垂直速度大于4 m/s与降水的开始、结束时间有着很好的对应关系。     

周边干扰对煤气柜表面风压的影响

根据刚性模型风洞测压试验所得数据,研究了不同的周边干扰条件下柜体表面平均风压系数的变化规律,对比分析了不同柜体间距时干扰效应的变化情况。研究结果表明:干扰煤气柜位于柜体的正前方时,柜体迎风面平均风压系数显著减小;干扰煤气柜位于柜体的正后方时,柜体背风面平均风压系数会增大;两煤气柜相互平行时,柜体背风面平均风压系数会减小;柜体间距会对干扰效应产生影响,干扰效应随着柜体间距的变化而发生变化;在迎风面与侧风面,规范值有较高的安全储备;而在背风面,其安全储备略有不足。     

Analysis on drag coefficients of bundled conductors under wind load

Drag coefficients of quad-bundled conductor under different wind speeds and attack angles are firstly determined by means of wind tunnel test. Meanwhile, the drag coefficients are obtained by numerical simulation method and the results are consistent with those by the wind tunnel test. Furthermore, cross flows around six-bundled and eight-bundled conductors are numerically investigated, and the drag coefficients are then determined. Compared with the determination method of wind load on conductor in current Chinese code and the IEC code for the design of transmission line, the drag coefficients defined in the Chinese code may be too large for bundled conductors, and may need to be adjusted based on further theoretical and wind tunnel test investigation.     

Wind induced Response Analysis on a Connected Tall Building Structure with Viscous Damper

The control effects of a connected tall building structure with viscous damper in several respects were studied, such as internal force, deformation, acceleration and energy under dynamic wind load. Firstly, wind pressure time history data were obtained from the wind tunnel test of the structure model, and then a wind load processing program WINDHIST V2.0 based on wind tunnel test was developed, by which wind pressure data processed and inputted into Finite Element Method(FEM) program. Thus wind induced vibration time history could be analysed under various working conditions. It was shown that both the internal force and deformation of the connected structure with viscous damper can be decreased, while the effect of the former was more obvious than the latter. The acceleration at the top of the connected structure caused by dynamic response of fluctuating wind can be controlled effectively by viscous damper.     

从输电阻塞角度建立的风电场容量可信度模型

风电并网时既要考虑系统的可靠性又要考虑输电阻塞。目前风电场容量可信度仅从可靠性单一角度提出。为此从输电阻塞角度提出了风电场容量可信度的定义;通过Monte Carlo法建立计及元件故障(发电机、线路和变压器)的风电场容量可信度模型,并提出该模型的二分法求解算法;同时还提出了风电阻塞指标以描述风电场并入电力系统对缓解系统输电阻塞的贡献。通过对修改的IEEE-RTS进行算例分析,验证了方法的正确性和实用性。结果表明：系统阻塞状况的缓解程度与并入风电场的位置有关,风电场容量可信度和风电阻塞指标相结合可以评价风电场并网对系统阻塞状况改善的有效性和经济性。