牛病的流行特点及常见病的防治

牛病的预防与治疗一直是牛养殖产业重点关注的问题,养殖人员需要加强对牛病流行特点的掌握,并根据牛病的流行特点采取防治措施,这对于推动牛养殖产业实现稳定顺利发展具有重要意义。1牛病流行特点分析疾病种类越来越复杂,发病率提升。以往常见牛病主要以口蹄疫、牛结核病为主。如今随着人们在牛病防治方面用药量增加,部分病菌病毒产生了较强的抗药性,甚至发生了变异,从而产生了一些新的疾病,比如冠状病毒腹泻、新狍子虫病等,发病率有明显上升趋势,这为牛病防治带来了更大的挑战。     

牛口蹄疫的诊断与有效防治措施

牛口蹄疫属于口蹄疫病毒感染后导致的急热性传染疾病。牛口蹄疫一般发生在春季,必须提前进行有效的预防,从而降低发病几率。牛口蹄疫的危害较大,对养殖户可造成非常严重的经济损失,因此必须充分了解此病的诊断与防治对策。本文结合笔者的实际工作经验,对牛口蹄疫的诊断和防治措施进行了探讨。     

猪传染性胃肠炎诊断与防治措施

传染性胃肠炎与猪流行性腹泻是仔猪养殖过程中很容易暴发流行的两类传染性疾病。在生猪养殖产业发展过程中,需要管理人员充分掌握该种疾病在养殖场的实际发生动态,除了做好疫苗免疫接种工作之外,在进入流行高发期之前,还应该提前采取药物进行针对性预防,注重提高仔猪的身体抵抗能力,从而降低疾病的发生率,保证养殖安全。本文探讨了猪传染性胃肠炎的流行特点、诊断方法和具体的防治措施,希望对广大同行有一定帮助。     

浅谈牛场口蹄疫综合防治措施

牛口蹄疫是传染性很强的疾病,具有流行快、传播广、发病急、危害大等流行病学特点,故称“世界疫”.口蹄疫的发生必给畜牧养殖业造成重大经济损失.口蹄疫宜采取综合性防制措施,本文阐述了关于牛口蹄疫的症状表现及依法防控、科学防控的综合防治措施实践,供参考.     

牛口蹄疫的诊断及防治措施

随着牛养殖数量的增加,牛口蹄疫的发生概率也在不断提高,我国每年都会出现轻重不同的牛口蹄疫病例,牛口蹄疫的发生不利于养殖业的长远发展。因此,我们需要找到牛口蹄疫疾病发生的原因并提出预防与治疗对策。本文针对牛口蹄疫的诊断及防治措施进行了简要的分析和探究。     

一例牛焦虫病的诊断与防治

牛焦虫病又被称为血孢子虫病,是由焦虫寄生在红细胞或者细胞浆中所引发的一种血液原虫病。该种疾病发生和流行具有典型的季节性,与蜱的活动密切相关。牛焦虫病在全国各地的牛养殖主产区广泛发生流行,会对整个畜牧养殖产业造成毁灭性打击。为了防范牛焦虫病的发生流行,提高防控效果,就需要掌握该类传染性疾病的具体发生动态,并采取针对性措施进行防控,有效提高防控效果。笔者结合实际病例,探讨了牛焦虫病的诊断和防治措施,希望通过本次研究对同行有所帮助。     

牛口蹄疫的诊断及防治方法

正牛口蹄疫是由牛口蹄疫病毒感染而引发的一种急性、热性、高度接触性传染病。该病传播途径广泛,会严重破坏牛的各器官,威胁牛的生命及整个养殖区域的养殖安全,给养殖户造成巨大经济损失。因而,必须对牛口蹄疫加强防治工作。1诊断方法1.1流行特点牛口蹄疫传播方式复杂,最为常见的为消化道感染。该病的主要传播途径为空气及水质,其传播迅速,发病无季节性,因而养殖户在日常需严格落实牛体检查工作。     

牛口蹄疫的综合防控措施

牛口蹄疫在牛养殖的过程中,是一种常见的疾病。这种疾病不仅具有传染性,同时又具有高死亡率,是养牛工作者需要面对的首要难题。所以牛口蹄疫的防治工作十分重要,防止由于牛口蹄疫造成更大的经济损失。     

基于牛口蹄疫疾病的防控策略分析

牛的养殖过程中,牛口蹄疫这种疾病经常性发生。该疾病不仅具有高传染性,而且又具高死亡率,堪称养牛工作者必须面对的一大难题。笔者在本文中基于牛口蹄疫的流行特点、病理、症状、诊断以及防控策略进行分析,并且提出一些有效建议,以供参考。     

口蹄疫在猪牛养殖中的防治

口蹄疫病是猪牛养殖中常见的传染性疫病,成为制约猪牛正常发育和健康成长的重要因素,延误猪牛出栏时间,给猪牛养殖户带来较大的经济损失。基于此,本文主要在分析猪牛口蹄疫症状的基础上提出相应的综合防治措施,以期为降低猪牛养殖中口蹄疫的发病率,促进我国猪牛养殖业的健康发展提供相应的参考。     

Foot-and-mouth disease eradication efforts in the Republic of Korea

On March 20, 2000, a suspected vesicular disease in cattle was reported to the National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service (NVRQS) of the Republic of Korea. This represented the index case of a foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) outbreak, which spread through several provinces. The Republic of Korea had been free of FMD for 66 years prior to the reintroduction of the virus and had recently suspended imports of pork and pork products from neighboring Japan owing to a reported FMD outbreak in that country. The Korean outbreak was ultimately controlled through the combination of preemptive slaughter, animal movement restrictions, and a strategy of ring vaccination. The purpose of this paper is to review the current FMD situation in Korea in the aftermath of its 2000 epizootic and how it may affect future efforts to eradicate or reduce risk of reintroduction of the disease into Korea.     

猪口蹄疫特点、流行情况及疫苗使用现状

口蹄疫是危害我国畜牧业的主要传染病之一,主要感染猪、牛、羊等偶蹄动物,其中猪口蹄疫不同于牛、羊口蹄疫,有其独特特点。本文聚焦猪口蹄疫,从其病毒分子生物学特性、毒株全球流行态势以及我国疫苗使用现状等方面进行了阐述和分析,以期为我国猪口蹄疫的防控提供基础参考。     

Risk factors for local spread of foot-and-mouth disease, 2010 epidemic in Japan

To provide a basis for effective foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) prevention measures, factors associated with local spread were investigated in this study using data of the 2010 FMD epidemic in Japan. Thirty-eight local clusters within a 500-m radius from source farms were selected. In the clusters with pig source farms, more neighboring farms were infected in a short time compared with the clusters with cattle source farms. The influence of distance and wind upon local spread did not show a significant difference between infected and noninfected neighboring farms. Large-size pig farms posed a greater risk of inducing local spread; the odds ratio with reference to small-size cattle farms was 16.73. Middle-size and large-size cattle farms had a greater risk of infection; odds ratios with reference to small-size cattle farms were 15.65 and 25.52, respectively. The present results are useful for understanding features of local spread and prioritizing farms for control measures.     

甘州区规模化羊场主要疫病及防控措施探讨

肉羊养殖逐渐向规模化方向发展,但是口蹄疫、小反刍兽疫、羊布病等疫病防控面临形势愈加严重。需要从羊场设计、加强饲养管理、消毒、驱虫、制定合理免疫程序加强防检疫工作等多方面采取综合防控措施,降低疫病风险,取得最大养殖效益。     

The effect of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccination on virus transmission and the significance for the field

Vaccination against foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) might be one of the control measures used during an FMD epidemic depending on the local epidemiological situation, the status of the country, and the opinion of policy makers. A sound decision on vaccination can be made only if there is sufficient scientific knowledge on the effectiveness of vaccination in eliminating the virus from the population. An important question is whether a single vaccination applied as an emergency vaccine can contribute to the control of an epidemic. This paper presents the results of transmission experiments on vaccine efficacy in groups of cattle, pigs, and sheep and concludes that vaccination seemed to be effective in cattle and sheep, but was less effective in pigs. The possible implications for application to field conditions are discussed.     

口蹄疫的特点以及规模化猪场生物安全体系构建

近年来,猪的口蹄疫疫情时有发生,面对具有高度传染性的疫病,尤其在国内规模化、集约化的养殖场中,一旦发生疫情不利于控制,极易造成疫情大范围暴发,因此采取必要的预防和控制措施仍然是关键所在。本文以口蹄疫为例,简述口蹄疫的特点,并通过选址与布局、生产管理、可移动风险和疫病防控等4个方面,阐明构建猪场生物安全体系是防控疫病的重点和核心,以期为规模化猪场应对重大疫病、建设绿色健康可持续发展的规模化猪场提供有效帮助,促进养殖业健康发展。     

牛肺疫的诊断与防控对策研究

牛肺疫是比较常见的一种牛接触性传染病症,严重危害着牛机体。随着近些年国内畜牧业的迅猛发展,牛养殖场规模与数量随之不断扩大,我国养殖业呈现繁荣发展局面。然而,牛养殖期间也会突发各种疫病,带给畜牧生产巨大的经济损失。所以,有效的牛肺疫诊断防控措施对我国养殖业的发展极具重要意义。     

2019—2021年伊吾县牛羊口蹄疫免疫抗体监测与分析

为掌握伊吾县牛羊口蹄疫免疫抗体水平,采用液相阻断ELISA抗体检测(LPB-ELISA)方法,收集6个乡镇2019—2021年抽检春秋两季牛1258头、羊2496只,进行时间、地域分布描述。实验显示,口蹄疫A型总体合格率90.86%、90.91%,O型口蹄疫免疫抗体总体合格率94.12%、94.03%,免疫抗体效价大于70%。不同区域前山乡口蹄疫整体免疫水平最高,吐葫芦乡牛A型口蹄疫免疫抗体较低仅为74.67%。结果表明,全县牛羊口蹄疫免疫抗体检测效果整体良好,部分乡镇免疫较低。需做好基层牛羊口蹄疫免疫调研,查找原因,提出了今后的工作方向,加强对防疫员开展从疫苗保存、免疫部位选择、免疫剂量技术指导,特别是动物检疫站监管,为伊吾县畜牧业高质量健康发展提供依据。     

中西药综合防治牛前胃疾病研究

现代养牛中前胃疾病是制约牛产业发展的一类重要内科疾病,特别是舍饲半舍饲状态下,肉牛、奶牛、育肥牛较为常见。笔者通过长期兽医临床实践、查阅相关文献、结合传统中医学理论,就牛常见前胃疾病定义、发病原因、症候群展开论述、典型案例介绍,提出了相应预防和控制措施。采用西兽药、中兽药、中西兽药联合用药,缩短治疗周期,达到标本兼治,降低经济损失。     

Detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus infection in vaccinated cattle

The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of commercially available kits for the detection of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus infection in vaccinated cattle. The cattle were vaccinated with a commercial aqueous FMD vaccine type A24 and subsequently challenged 28 days post vaccination with homologous FMD virus. Seven of eight animals were protected from clinical disease and all became carriers. They were bled sequentially for up to 130 days post infection and samples of sera were tested with three ELISA kits: CHEKIT FMD-3ABC, Ceditest FMDV-NS and SVANOIR FMDV 3ABC-Ab ELISA. The Ceditest kit appears to be relatively higher sensitive than the others. When examined with this ELISA, all cattle developed of FMDV nonstructural proteins (NSPs) antibodies and remained positive throughout the period of the experiment. The response of antibodies against 3ABC antigen delayed in two cattle challenged with FMDV A24 virus. One of the cattle reacted negatively in Svanoir ELISA kit and sera from two animals were found negative in CHEKIT ELISA. It can be concluded that all tested kits can be a promising tool for FMD control and eradication campaigns in situation where emergency vaccination was applied.