风铃木5个品种生长适应性分析

本文以红花风铃木、黄花风铃木、金花风铃木、蓝花风铃木、洋红风铃木等5种风铃木为研究对象,通过2次调查生长性状(树高、胸径、冠幅)、保存率、开花情况等指标综合评价其生长状况,从而筛选出优良品系。结果表明:5个风铃木品种树高、胸径、冠幅、保存率存在着极显著差异,黄花风铃木和洋红风铃木在生长、保存率、开花方面表现较好,5种风铃木根据生长、开花情况优劣排序为黄花风铃木洋红风铃木红花风铃木金花风铃木蓝花风铃木。     

4种风铃木在不同栽培地区叶表型性状适应性变异

为研究栽培环境对风铃木类植物生长适应性的影响,以叶表型性状为指标,分析4种风铃木在中国不同栽培区域间的地理变异与气候关联。结果表明:4种风铃木在不同栽培地区间存在显著的适应性变异,且黄花风铃木、洋红风铃木和金花风铃木的多个性状随纬度变异明显。积温和温湿比对风铃木类植物的叶表型性状影响显著。黄花风铃木受18℃以上积温影响显著,金花风铃木受5℃以上积温影响较大,红花风铃木受温湿比的影响显著,洋红风铃木受多种温湿因子的综合影响。4种风铃木在不同栽培区的地理变异揭示了不同种质对环境气候的适应性差异以及主要影响因子,对于风铃木类植物的栽培管理和园林应用都有重要的参考意义。     

热带北缘地区风铃木火焰木引种试验及大苗移栽技术

引种黄花风铃木、红花风铃木、火焰木,进行栽培试验。发现用3个树种都能正常生长发育,但红花风铃木只开花不结果,且少量开花;3个树种大苗移植,通过科学管理,成活率高。     

基于物种分布模型预测两种风铃木在中国的引种适应分布

物种分布模型(Species Distribution Models,SDMs)常被用于评价物种在不同地域的适生概率,但能否用于指导远距离引种栽培仍需试验证明。该研究以黄花风铃木和红花风铃木这两种外来树种为研究对象,对比理论预测结果与实际栽培分布的差异。结果显示：黄花风铃木和红花风铃木的理论适生阈值分别为0.433和0.469,均明显高于栽培样点的最低适生概率。其中,黄花风铃木的预测适生区面积约为7.96×10⁴km²,仅包含4.19%的实际栽培样点,是实际可栽培面积的6.48%。红花风铃木的预测适生区面积约为28.91×10⁴km²,包含71.79%的实际栽培样点,是实际可栽培面积的62.62%。回归分析结果显示土壤pH值、最冷月均温、土壤有机物碳含量对黄花风铃木在中国的适生概率有明显的正影响,而最冷月均温对红花风铃木的适生概率有明显的负影响。该研究证明了物种分布模型在指导远距离引种栽培时可能存在较大误差,并揭示了影响风铃木预测准确度和适应性分布的可能原因。该研究将为物种分布模型的应用优化以及风铃...     

对8种热带树木在韶关地区引种适应性的研究初报

通过对黄花风铃木等八个热带树种在韶关引种后的物候性、抗寒性和适应性进行系统的观察和比较后得知，黄花风铃木、海南红豆、海南黄檀和腊肠树这四个树种引种三年后的成活率可达到60％以上，同时抗性均较强，是适合在粤北地区引种的树种。     

黄金风铃木、鸡冠刺桐和雄黄豆的引种与栽培

黄金风铃木、鸡冠刺桐和雄黄豆是广州及珠三角地区近年来引进的同林绿化树种，本文介绍其形态特征、生物学特性及引种栽培情况。引种栽培结果表明，三个树种的生长性状良好，适于在华南地区种植，是庭园景观树种和道路遮荫的好树种。     

尼加拉瓜Chacocente野生动物保护区三种干旱落叶阔叶树种的天然更新动态(英文)

在尼加拉瓜Chacocente野生动物保护区对极又平荚木,毛风铃木和Lonchocarpus minimiflorus(Donn.Sm.)树种的天然更新进行了调查,并分析了更新异质性与地形坡度和入射光的关系。从2001到2003连续3年记录了高度10m以下和直径10cm以下的苗木和幼树。结果表明,3个树种的天然更新的个体数量的密度明显不同,并随时间存在差异。与极叉平荚木相比,L.minimiflorus和毛风铃木天然更新密度较大,只有毛风铃木种群密度方面的净变化是正相关。在树冠部分曝光的条件下,在缓坡和陡坡上更新较好,形成了分布聚集分布,尤其是L.minimiflorus和毛风铃木。仅靠天然更新不足以维持这些树种理想的立木数量,应当采取直接的恢复措施以促进天然更新过程。参47表3图3。     

翅荚木的天然分布与引种栽培

综合国内有关翅荚木的研究结果,结合实地调查和引种试验情况,从生境、群落和生长规律等方面概述了翅荚木的天然分布特征,分析了各地的引种栽培现状,从翅荚木的速生性和耐低温胁迫能力方面探讨了在我国28°N以南地区引种栽培的可行性,并提出了翅荚木引种栽培中应进一步研究的重点是对其低温胁迫的机理研究和抗寒型良种选育等。     

6种国外园林植物在广州的适应性和观赏性调查评价

对从国外引进的园林植物美丽薄子木、柳叶红千层、小叶蒲桃、银叶朗德木、银鳞风铃木与红花白千层等在广州地区的物候期、生长发育节律、病虫害发生情况和越冬表现进行观察调查,并对其园林观赏特性进行了综合评价。结果表明：这6种园林植物在广州地区的生态适应性强,并且具有很高的园林观赏价值,值得在园林绿化中推广应用。     

盆栽巴西木的养护方法

巴西木是近几年我国引种较为理想的室内盆栽花木。本文简要描述了巴西木的形态特征及生态习性，较为详尽地介绍了繁殖、栽培、管理及病虫害防治等技术要点。     

园林树种黄花风铃木

黄花风铃木具有较强的园林应用和观赏价值,适合多方位、多形式的配置,非常值得在园林当中推广运用。     

黄花风铃木种苗培育技术

介绍了黄花风铃木（Tabebuia chrysantha）的生物学特性和育苗技术,包括采种处理、播种基质选择、播种、大田栽植、苗期抚育、病虫害防治等。     

引种银钟花年生长习性观察

对在景洪栽培银钟花抽梢年生长节律、开花习性的观察结果:银钟花的花期主要集中在2～4月,每株开花时间历时不足1个月;花和花序大小株间变异小,但花量株间变异大;3月下旬抽梢,3～4月和6～8月生长较快,5月份生长缓慢,9月以后生长量渐小,到11月停止生长。     

Restoring abandoned pasture land with native tree species in Costa Rica: Effects of exotic grass competition and light

Understanding the early establishment requirements and performance of tropical tree seedlings is essential to ensuring the success of restoration plantings. This study was designed to characterize growth and light requirements of six common neotropical tree species Pseudosamanea guachapele (Fabaceae), Tabebuia impetiginosa (Bignoniaceae), Ceiba pentandra (Bombacaceae), Pachira quinata (Bombacaceae), Dalbergia retusa (Fabaceae), and Tabebuia rosea (Bignoniaceae) in an abandoned pasture under contrasting light environments and grass competition. Field studies were conducted in the pastures of the Santa Ana Conservation Center in Costa Rica. Two differing grass competition sites were selected, one dominated by a tall grass, Hyparrhenia rufa and another dominated by a short grass, Cynodon mlenfluensis. Three light treatments were created (2, 37 and 100% light) using either neutral shade cloth (2 and 37%) or no shade cloth (100%). Growth characteristics and biomass partitioning of the seedlings were measured. Species differed in their relative growth rates (RGRs). The light × species interaction was significant at both sites. While all species had similar performance under 100% light on both short grass and tall grass sites, species growth differences were evident under 37 and 2% light levels. For example, at the short grass site, T. rosea had higher RGR than D. retusa and P. quinata under 2% light whereas both Tabebuia species performed better than other species at the tall grass site. The general trend was to increase root mass ratio and decrease leaf mass ratio with increasing levels of light. As an initial step for restoring abandoned pasture lands we recommend using all these species in direct and moderate light conditions. Incorporating all species will create a more heterogeneous environment. Choosing light demanding species that can tolerate grass competition may help ensure success in the early stage of restoration.     

深圳市羊台山森林公园优良乡土阔叶树种选择技术研究

对广东省深圳市羊台山森林公园内的1块林分改造试验林和1块新造林的树种生长情况进行调查,分析不同树种生长的差异,以此为羊台山地区林分改造和新造林的树种选择提供理论依据。分析结果表明:林分改造试验林中选出14个树种,其林木生长较佳;新造林中紫荆、深山含笑、黄花风铃木、降香黄檀、阴香、土沉香和假苹婆7个树种表现优良。选出的21个树种按用途分为9种乡土生态阔叶树,8种景观树种,5种特色外来树种及4种珍贵树种。在羊台山进行森林公园林分改造或新造林时,树种选择应以乡土阔叶树为骨干,适当搭配景观树种,引进少量的珍贵树种和有特色的外来树种,这对于提升林分质量,改善森林景观,提升森林的文化内涵具有重要意义,同时为类似森林公园的林分改造和造林树种选择提供借鉴和参考。     

How rare is too rare to harvest?: Management challenges posed by timber species occurring at low densities in the Brazilian Amazon

Tropical forests are characterized by diverse assemblages of plant and animal species compared to temperate forests. Corollary to this general rule is that most tree species, whether valued for timber or not, occur at low densities (<1 adult tree ha⁻¹) or may be locally rare. In the Brazilian Amazon, many of the most highly valued timber species occur at extremely low densities yet are intensively harvested with little regard for impacts on population structures and dynamics. These include big-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), ipê (Tabebuia serratifolia and Tabebuia impetiginosa), jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril), and freijó cinza (Cordia goeldiana). Brazilian forest regulations prohibit harvests of species that meet the legal definition of rare – fewer than three trees per 100 ha – but treat all species populations exceeding this density threshold equally. In this paper we simulate logging impacts on a group of timber species occurring at low densities that are widely distributed across eastern and southern Amazonia, based on field data collected at four research sites since 1997, asking: under current Brazilian forest legislation, what are the prospects for second harvests on 30-year cutting cycles given observed population structures, growth, and mortality rates? Ecologically ‘rare’ species constitute majorities in commercial species assemblages in all but one of the seven large-scale inventories we analyzed from sites spanning the Amazon (range 49–100% of total commercial species). Although densities of only six of 37 study species populations met the Brazilian legal definition of a rare species, timber stocks of five of the six timber species declined substantially at all sites between first and second harvests in simulations based on legally allowable harvest intensities. Reducing species-level harvest intensity by increasing minimum felling diameters or increasing seed tree retention levels improved prospects for second harvests of those populations with a relatively high proportion of submerchantable stems, but did not dramatically improve projections for populations with relatively flat diameter distributions. We argue that restrictions on logging very low-density timber tree populations, such as the current Brazilian standard, provide inadequate minimum protection for vulnerable species. Population declines, even if reduced-impact logging (RIL) is eventually adopted uniformly, can be anticipated for a large pool of high-value timber species unless harvest intensities are adapted to timber species population ecology, and silvicultural treatments are adopted to remedy poor natural stocking in logged stands.     

Application of mycorrhizal roots improves growth of tropical tree seedlings in the nursery: a step towards reforestation with native species in the Andes of Ecuador

Most tree species in tropical mountain rain forests are naturally associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Previous studies in southern Ecuador of 115 tree species revealed that only three species were not associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Seedlings of tropical tree species raised in the nursery may need to be associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to survive transplantation shock in higher numbers. Methods for establishing plantations with native tree species are not yet established for Ecuador. Thus, we investigated the feasibility of using mycorrhizal roots of seedlings of Inga acreana, Tabebuia chrysantha, Cedrela montana and Heliocarpus americanus that had trapped mycorrhizal fungi from forest humus in the nursery to inoculate C. montana and H. americanus with native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Inoculation with either a mixture of mycorrhizal roots from the four species or only with mycorrhizal roots from the same tree species were compared with effects of moderate fertilization. Assessment of plant growth and mycorrhizal status of 6-months-old Cedrela montana and Heliocarpus americanus revealed an improvement in growth and diverse associated fungi through mycorrhizal root inoculation in comparison with moderate fertilization. Moderate fertilization did not suppress mycorrhization.