共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 500 毫秒
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双孢蘑菇加工脱水及其降低措施 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
新鲜蘑菇在加工过程中,往往会大幅度脱水。如果在加工过程中能降低重量损失5%,即可使罐头厂增加收入约20%。降低蘑菇在加工中的脱水率,是减少加工重量损失的重要途径。 (一)影响蘑菇加工脱水的因素 1、蘑菇品种与加工脱水:表1为12个不同蘑菇品种经8分钟沸水预煮后的脱水率。由表1可以看出,供试的十二个品种的鲜干菇预煮脱水率为27.6~37.0%,其中以12044品种的预煮脱水率最低,为27.6%,以浣纱176品种的预煮脱水率最高,达37.0%。这两个品种的蘑菇预煮脱水率有明显的差异。一般来讲,组织疏松的蘑菇 相似文献
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‘紫柄籽银桂’桂花种子脱水耐性与抗氧化系统的关系 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
通过测定‘紫柄籽银桂’桂花种子在自然脱水过程生理生化的变化,研究种子的脱水敏感性。结果表明:‘紫柄籽银桂’种子不耐脱水,种子生活力随着含水量的下降而降低,种子含水量下降到11.6%时,生活力仅为6%;自然脱水过程中,种子细胞膜系统受到损伤,相对电导率不断上升;种子内SOD活性随着含水量下降而呈总体下降的趋势;POD先呈波动性上升,脱水12 h时达到最大值,之后急剧下降。种子O2-含量在脱水12 h之前随含水量的下降而下降, 12 h之后随含水量的下降而急剧上升;随着脱水的进行细胞膜质过氧化程度的加剧,MDA的含量增加,导致种子丧失生活力。 相似文献
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种子脱水耐性与保护系统的相关性 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
综述了种子脱水耐性的研究现状, 探讨了种子脱水耐性与保护系统(蛋白质、糖、抗氧化系统和ABA等) 之间的相关性, 阐述种子脱水耐性的生理机理和分子机制, 并指出在种子脱水耐性研究方面存在的不足和今后应进一步关注的问题。 相似文献
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研究了脱水对蒲葵种子活力及其膜脂过氧化的影响。结果表明:当蒲葵种子含水量下降到12%时,发芽率降至15%,含水量下降到8%时活力完全丧失,种子对脱水敏感,为顽拗型种子。在脱水过程中,种子发芽率、发芽势和发芽指数逐渐降低;膜脂过氧化程度加强,相对电导率、丙二醛(MDA)和脯氨酸的含量不断上升;超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性先上升,在含水量22%时出现最大值,之后急速下降;过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性随含水量的下降呈上升趋势;过氧化物酶(POD)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)变化趋势相同,均随着含水量的降低先上升,在含水量为17%时最高,然后逐渐下降。这些结果表明,严重脱水能降低蒲葵种子的抗氧化酶活性,并加剧膜脂过氧化,从而导致种子活力降低,甚至丧失。 相似文献
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Maria V. Symeonidou 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(3):386-394
SummarySevere desiccation of dormant seedlings of wild cherry (Prunus avium) and cherry plum (P. cerasifera) did not affect their immediate survival, but caused significant reductions in subsequent shoot growth and root volume which were not recovered in a single growing season. Damage to the fine roots, as indicated by the physiological plant quality measures of tetrazolium absorbance and root electrolyte leakage, increased rapidly over drying periods of ca. 6 h, further damage requiring progressively longer periods of desiccation. Root pruning prior to planting did not mitigate desiccation damage and severe pruning was highly injurious to subsequent growth. Generally the removal of the fine roots was equivalent to a relatively short desiccation period, but pruning of fine roots prior to, instead of after, desiccation in P. cerasifera resulted in more lateral shoots, possibly indicating the production of growth retardant substances by the dried root systems. All measures of physiological plant quality at the beginning of the growing season were effective as predictors of plant performance at the end. In the species tested, the most cost-effective routines are likely to be fine root electrolyte leakage and root moisture content, with tetrazolium testing and stem water potential measurements requiring both greater reproducibility and more sophisticated equipment. 相似文献
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The Orchidaceae contains a large number of threatened species that could benefit from seed banking. However, successful seed storage requires a greater understanding of the enigmatic seed biology of orchids. In particular, there is little documentation of the presence or timing of the maturation drying that has been shown to be critical for longevity of agricultural seeds in storage. The aims of this work were to document seed water content, germinability and desiccation tolerance as a function of maturation in developing capsules of hand-pollinated flowers of Phalaenopsis hybrids. Lengthening of capsules was complete by 50 DAP, but capsule diameter continued to increase up to a maximum at 70 DAP. Relative water content rapidly declined from 75% moisture content (fresh weight basis) at 150 DAP to 50% moisture content at 165 DAP where it remained until dehiscence. Seed germinability remained high (75–99.5%) throughout the harvesting period (90–216 DAP), but desiccation tolerance only developed 165 days after pollination. Therefore, if Phalaenopsis seeds are to be stored, we propose that their harvest should be delayed until moisture content drops below 50%. 相似文献
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以白玉菇为材料,通过单因素试验分析热风温度、切片厚度和装载量对白玉菇干燥特性和干燥品质的影响,并通过正交试验对干燥参数进行优化。结果表明,升高热风温度、减小切片厚度、减小装载量可以有效降低白玉菇的干基含水率,加快干燥速率。温度对干燥速率的影响最大,然而温度过高容易造成白玉菇干燥表面的硬化,反而降低了干燥中后期的干燥速率。干基含水率大,温度、切片厚度和装载量对干燥速率的影响也增大。通过对亮度、复水比、维生素C含量和感官评分的综合评定,得到最优工艺参数为:热风温度60℃,切片厚度2 mm,装载量15 g·dm^-2。 相似文献
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