大理州高海拔粳稻优质高产高效精确定量栽培技术

根据水稻精确定量栽培技术思想,经过几年引进试验和消化吸收,再创新实践,集成总结出适应大理州高海拔地区粳稻优质高产高效精确定量栽培技术,并介绍了大面积应用成效。     

云南高海拔粳稻新品种凤稻26号选育与应用

凤稻26号系云南省大理州农科所通过风稻11／／／超级稻，／凤稻12／鹤16复合杂交选育而成的高海拔粳稻新品种，具有早熟、耐寒、高产、稳产等特点，一般单产650．0kg／667m2左右，综合性状明显优于凤稻17号等高海拔稻区原主推品种，2012年7月通过云南省农作物品种审定委员会审定，适于在云南省海拔1950～2250m的高海拔稻区推广种植。本文介绍了凤稻26号的特征特性及高产稳产栽培技术。     

邳州市2014年机插水稻品种示范总结

2006年以来,邳州市示范应用了水稻精确定量栽培技术新体系,在推广应用水稻精确定量栽培的过程中,通过对不同粳稻品种引进机插试验、示范研究,考查其高产稳产及抗逆性,为筛选出适宜全市推广的水稻品种提供科学依据。     

三系杂交粳稻新组合常优粳6号超高产栽培技术初探

以水稻精确定量栽培理论为指导,通过应用仲元公司技术体系和公司生产的土壤调理剂、植物氨基酸肥料和营养调理剂,旨在研究三系杂交粳稻新组合常优粳6号的超高产栽培技术,以为常优粳6号的大面积推广积累经验。     

云南高海拔粳稻区水稻生产现状及品种选育进展

在分析云南高海拔稻区生产情况的基础上,回顾总结了"十一五"以来凤系高海拔粳稻品种选育成绩,并探讨了高海拔粳稻新品种的主要选育技术。     

优质高产粳稻新品种凤稻21号选育及栽培技术

凤稻21号系云南省大理州农科所以凤稻9号为母本、合系34号为父本杂交选育而成的粳稻新品种。该品种兼具早熟、耐寒、抗病、优质、高产、稳产、适应性广等优点,综合性状明显优于凤稻14号、15号等大理州原主栽品种,是目前云南省高海拔稻区推广中综合性状最好的品种之一,2007年11月通过云南省农作物品种审定委员会审定。本文介绍了该品种的选育、特征特性及栽培技术要点。     

早熟晚粳机插秧700kg/667m~2精确定量栽培技术规程

通过对早熟晚粳稻品种武运粳19号及武2645新品种的引种试验和示范,将"机插育壮秧、控行缩株适苗、麦草全量还田、精确定量施肥"等技术进行集成,制订了早熟晚粳机插精确定量栽培技术规程,以期为大面积机插秧实现高产提供技术支撑。     

粳稻新品种凤稻20号的选育及特征特性

凤稻20号系云南省大理州农科所以中间材料合系35／合系40为母本,鹤16／鹤89—24为父本,复合杂交选育而成的高海拔粳稻新品种,2006年12月通过云南省审定。本文介绍了凤稻20号的选育经过、产量表现及特征特性,提出了其配套的高产稳产栽培技术。     

近10年云南省育成的粳稻品种性状分析

云南省近10年（2011—2020年）已育成粳稻品种98个,根据区域试验组别和品种类型可分为中海拔常规粳稻、高海拔常规粳稻、三系杂交粳稻、两系杂交粳稻4种类型,比较分析了这4种类型高原粳稻品种的产量、抗性和米质。结果表明,育成的品种以常规粳稻为主,占比73.47%;育种主体以科研院所为主,占比90.82%;杂交粳稻产量较常规粳稻高6.16%,中海拔常规粳稻产量较高海拔常规粳稻高6.42%,每穗实粒数增加是近年高原粳稻增产的主要因素;对稻瘟病抗性总体不足,而对白叶枯病具有较强抗性;稻米品质总体不佳,中海拔常规粳稻米质优于高海拔常规粳稻,限制云南高原粳稻米质的关键因素是整精米率、垩白粒率、精米率和垩白度。适当增大个体,构建更高层次的个体群体协调平衡是高原粳稻育种的重点方向。     

早熟耐寒高产水稻新品种凤稻23号的选育与应用

凤稻23号系云南省大理州农科所通过风稻14/合系42杂交选育而成的高海拔粳稻新品种。该品种在省、州区试及示范中均表现出早熟、耐寒、高产、稳产、品质较好等优点,一般单产650kg／667m^2左右,综合性状明显优于凤稻14号、凤稻15号等云南省高海拔稻区原主推品种,适于在云南省海拔1950—2250m的稻区推广种植。     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。     

Tuber and starch quality of wild and cultivated potato species and cultivars

Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules.     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键,是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实"育繁推一体化"种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中,受制于行业发展水平,种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程,提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要,在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上,分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求,加强种业应用性研究,建立先进的种子质量检验体系,研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备,打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系,完善种业科学技术学科建设,促进种业产业持续健康发展。