基于回归克里格的河北省土壤有机质时空变化特征研究

采用GIS空间分析和回归克里格空间插值方法,对1980～2010年间河北省表层土壤有机质(SOM)的时空变化进行对比分析。结果表明:时间上,1980～2010年,河北省SOM含量总体呈降低趋势,SOM平均降低3.6 g/kg。空间上,近30年来全省SOM含量整体上呈现西北减东南增的趋势,增幅总体上由西北向东南依次增加;且SOM含量增加的面积占全省面积的65.54%,主要分布在南部平原地区和唐山、秦皇岛等地。分析表明,这种变化格局的形成主要与施用化肥、实施秸秆还田等人类活动有关。本研究为预测粮食产量、优化施肥管理、保护生态平衡和耕地的可持续发展等提供了科学依据。     

近40年大兴区耕地土壤有机质时空变异特征及其影响因素

研究长时期的土壤有机质(SOM)时空动态变化规律对指导大都市边缘区耕地保护、农田土壤肥力提升和农业生产管理具有重要意义。通过综合运用GIS、地统计学与数据统计分析方法,研究北京市大兴区近40年来五个时期(1980、1990、2000、2006、2017)耕地SOM的时空变异特征,并对其影响因素进行定量分析。结果表明:近40年来大兴区土壤有机质的动态变化表现为短期下降但整体呈上升趋势,从1980年的Ⅴ级地为主到2017年以Ⅳ级地为主,土壤有机质含量均值从9.36 g kg-1上升到14.87 g kg-1,增加了58.87%;大兴区五个时期的土壤有机质含量变异系数范围为0.22～0.38,均属中等程度变异;五个时期SOM的块金系数C0/Sill分别为50.00%、45.45%、49.92%、43.19%和38.17%,说明随着时间推移区域耕地资源的本底因素引起的异质性愈占主导;SOM的空间最大相关距离在8.14～14.57 km范围内波动;大兴区耕地土壤有机质含量整体上升,其主要受到土壤质地、土壤类型、种植作物类型和人为耕作管理活动的影响。在未来的农田管理过程中,应改善土壤结构,施用有机肥,强化对农田土壤的有效管理,提高土壤肥力。     

1980—2010年安徽省耕地表层土壤养分变化特征

本研究利用安徽省第二次土壤普查数据和2010—2011年土壤调查数据,运用统计方法从省级和县级两个尺度研究1980—2010年安徽省耕地表层(0 ~ 20 cm)土壤有机质(SOM)、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)和全钾(TK)等养分含量的变化特征。结果表明,1980—2010年全省耕地土壤养分变化趋势不同,SOM平均含量由20.65 ± 11.78 g/kg增加到23.30 ± 8.81 g/kg,TP平均含量由0.58 ± 0.43 g/kg增加到0.71 ± 0.29 g/kg,TN含量总体保持不变,TK平均含量由19.00 ± 5.33 g/kg减少到14.28 ± 3.27 g/kg,四种养分含量的变异程度均降低。从养分含量的等级分布来看,全省耕地肥力总体上提高,SOM、TP和TN的高值比例均有不同程度的增加,TP含量的等级提升较大。在空间上,不同土地利用和地理区域的养分含量变化差异较大。淮北平原和沿江平原的SOM和TN含量增加较多,淮北平原和皖南丘陵区TP含量增加较多,各地理区域TK含量减少程度相似。三个典型县土壤养分变化趋势与全省变化趋势一致,除TK含量减少外其余养分含量均有不同程度的增加。典型县耕地土壤养分变化与相应的地理区域养分变化趋势基本一致。     

江苏省土壤有机质含量时空变异特征及驱动力研究

土壤有机质(SOM)含量是估算土壤碳储量、评价土壤肥力的重要指标,研究SOM时空演变对评估区域土壤固碳潜力,实现土壤可持续利用具有重要意义。以江苏省为例,利用全国第二次土壤普查资料和2006年采样数据,基于地统计学方法和GIS技术,对比研究了1980 - 2006年全省范围内表层(0 ~ 20 cm)SOM含量的时空变异特征及其驱动因子。结果表明：1980年和2006年江苏省SOM平均含量分别为16.55 ± 8.50 g kg^-1和18.31 ± 8.32 g kg^-1,变异系数分别为51.36%和45.44%。两个时期SOM的变异函数均符合指数模型,块金系数由51.85%增加为56.52%,变程由71.55 km减少至37.83 km,SOM含量的空间自相关性减弱,自相关距离减小。1980-2006年,SOM含量空间分布呈现出北增南减,沿江平原增,宁镇丘陵减,滨海平原基本持平的空间格局,增加幅度由北向南逐渐减小。SOM含量的初始值影响其空间格局的演变,总体上呈现初始SOM含量的高值降低、低值增加的趋势。肥料的大量使用在提高粮食产量的同时也增加了作物残茬和根系的生物量;秸秆还田的大力推行,使得大量的有机物质进入土壤,促进了SOM的累积。不同的土地利用变化对SOM含量变化的作用不同,土地利用方式转变成水田、旱地和林地促进了SOM的增加,而转变成荒地后导致SOM含量下降。     

江苏省土壤有机质含量时空变异特征及驱动力研究

土壤有机质(SOM)含量是估算土壤碳储量、评价土壤肥力的重要指标,研究SOM时空演变对评估区域土壤固碳潜力,实现土壤可持续利用具有重要意义。以江苏省为例,利用全国第二次土壤普查资料和2006年采样数据,基于地统计学方法和GIS技术,对比研究了1980-2006年全省范围内表层(0~20 cm)SOM含量的时空变异特征及其驱动因子。结果表明:1980年和2006年江苏省SOM平均含量分别为16.55±8.50 g kg-1和18.31±8.32 g kg-1,变异系数分别为51.36%和45.44%。两个时期SOM的变异函数均符合指数模型,块金系数由51.85%增加为56.52%,变程由71.55 km减少至37.83 km,SOM含量的空间自相关性减弱,自相关距离减小。1980-2006年,SOM含量空间分布呈现出北增南减,沿江平原增,宁镇丘陵减,滨海平原基本持平的空间格局,增加幅度由北向南逐渐减小。SOM含量的初始值影响其空间格局的演变,总体上呈现初始SOM含量的高值降低、低值增加的趋势。肥料的大量使用在提高粮食产量的同时也增加了作物残茬和根系的生物量;秸秆还田的大力推行,使得大量的有机物质进入土壤,促进了SOM的累积。不同的土地利用变化对SOM含量变化的作用不同,土地利用方式转变成水田、旱地和林地促进了SOM的增加,而转变成荒地后导致SOM含量下降。     

近40年泥河沟流域耕地土壤有机质含量的变异性

利用方差和变异系数分析了近40a黄土高原泥河沟流域土壤有机质含量的时间变异性,分离了相关因素对总变异的影响。结果表明,1980年以来耕地土壤有机质含量呈阶段性上升趋势,变异性先增高后降低;修筑梯田、沟边防护和增施化肥对土壤有机质含量的变异起了很大的作用,增施化肥的影响效果略大于修筑梯田的效果;修筑梯田在初期因土壤扰动的影响,会造成土壤有机质含量的下降,而沟坡防护虽然只能在较小的面积上起到作用,但避免了土壤扰动,起到的效果更好;各类因素引起的变异是一种长期积累的过程,这个过程中土壤有机质含量并不会无限度地上升,含量越高上升越不明显。该区耕地土壤有机质含量从1980年的9.52g/kg到2015年的14.58g/kg,已由第二次全国土壤普查含量分级中的第7级上升到第5级,体现了该区的治理效益,也为今后流域的治理和管理提供了依据。     

重庆市渝北区耕地土壤有机质空间特征及时间变化

基于重庆市渝北区测土配方施肥与耕地地力评价成果资料,结合1980—1983年第二次土壤普查时期与2008—2011年测土配方施肥时期的耕地土壤有机质数据,分析全区耕地土壤有机质空间特征与变化。结果表明:渝北区耕地土壤有机质已出现明显的下降,2008—2011年期间全区耕地土壤有机质平均值是15.19 g/kg,比1980—1983年期间下降了4.91 g/kg,大量劳动力外出务工,农村有机肥源受限,土壤耕作复种指数提高,重用轻养,有机肥补给不足,使土壤有机质含量总体呈下降趋势。空间分布上,位于华蓥、铜锣及明月三大山脉周边的镇村有机质含量稍高。2008—2011年期间有机质含量大于20.1 g/kg(1~3级),即中偏上水平的耕地占5.852%;10.1~20.0 g/kg(4级),即偏低水平的耕地占93.144%;小于10.1 g/kg(5~6级),即缺乏水平的耕地占1.004%。整体耕地土壤有机质较低,应改变施肥观念、增施有机肥,采取正确的农艺措施保护耕地质量。     

基于农户微观视角下的耕地土壤有机质时空演变规律研究

对耕地土壤有机质含量变化规律的研究是破解耕地土壤肥力变化规律及其效应的关键。本研究基于野外高密度土样采集,综合运用地统计学和GIS相结合的分析方法,从农户微观视角出发,研究了沈阳市典型区域30 a来在农户土地利用行为影响下土壤有机质含量时空变异特征。研究结果表明:研究区耕地土壤有机质含量受农户土地利用方式、程度和投入强度的变化影响较大。1980~2000年,由于受投资能力、技术水平和管理水平等的限制,加上对耕地的掠夺性经营,导致耕地土壤有机质含量整体呈现下降趋势,有机质含量平均值从30.88 g kg-1下降到22.63 g kg-1,下降了8.25%;随着城镇化进程的加快,在利益的驱使下,农户将劳动力逐渐转移到非农生产中,不愿意从事种植业,耕地培肥被忽视,管理投入大幅度减少,造成耕地土壤肥力供求失衡,地力下降,从2000~2010年整个研究区域土壤有机含量平均值从22.63 g kg-1下降到20.07 g kg-1。空间上,由于受区域社会经济及政策因素压力的影响,农户土地利用行为产生明显的分化,导致离市区越近,土壤有机质下降的幅度越大,离市区越远,下降的幅度越小,甚至远郊区部分区域出现上升趋势。     

消减残差自相关性的县域土壤有机质整合模型预测研究

提升土壤属性空间预测精度对实现农田精准施肥和保护生态环境具有重要意义。利用河北省滦平县采集的1 773个样点耕地表层(0～20cm)土壤有机质(SOM)及其地理环境数据,通过逐步回归分析方法筛选出最优环境变量;基于其中1 426个农田样点分别建立多元线性回归(Multiple Linear Regression,MLR)、随机森林(Random Forest,RF)、贝叶斯正则化神经网络(Bayesian regularization neural network,BRNNBP)以及与普通克里格(OK)整合模型(MLR-OK、RF-OK和BRNNBP-OK)预测SOM空间分布,以其余347个样点数据为测试集检验分析不同模型预测精度,并对模型残差进行半方差函数和空间自相关分析以评价模型拟合效果。结果表明,研究区耕地表层土壤SOM处在8.62～35.64 g·kg^-1变化区间,变异系数为20.26%,属中等程度空间变异;SOM高值区主要分布在东北及东南海拔较高地区,低值区多分布在西南及中部河谷地区;海拔、坡度和年均温度与SOM关系密切(P<0.001);整合模型...     

基于傅里叶红外光谱弃耕地开垦前后土壤有机质结构变化分析

以新疆玛纳斯河流域盐渍化弃耕地为案例,人为开垦(5年)后不同土层土壤为研究对象,以弃耕地土样为对照,采用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)对不同土层土壤有机质(SOM)结构进行比较,研究弃耕地开垦前后土壤有机质红外光谱特征,探明开垦对不同土层有机质结构变化的影响,明确有机质结构稳定性变化情况,分析不同深度土层土壤有机质结构稳定性的变化。结果表明:开垦前后土壤红外光谱的特征峰相似,特征峰所代表的官能团主要来源于脂肪族(2925和2854 cm^-1)、芳香族(1623和1432 cm^-1)、糖类(1163、1073、1033和1007 cm^-1)和游离羟基(3620和3421 cm^-1);开垦后农田土壤有机质中脂肪族、芳香族、糖类和游离羟基官能团的峰面积在10~20 cm土层中较弃耕地分别提高1.24、37.64、77.44和27.39;芳香族的相对峰强度增长15.93%,脂肪族的相对峰强度下降9.09%;随着土层深度的增加,弃耕地土壤中来源于糖类和芳香族的峰面积逐渐降低,而开垦后棉田芳香族的官能团峰面积逐渐升高。农田开垦种植后增加了土壤有机质稳定性,尤其在20~40 cm土层表现更为明显。综上所述,弃耕地开垦后土壤有机质结构更为复杂,土壤有机质中芳香族官能团所占比例的提高是土壤有机质结构稳定性提高的重要原因。     

低氮和干旱胁迫对富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的影响

【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。     

Biodiversity and ecogeography of wild Lactuca spp. in some European countries

Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions.     

Pasture Vegetation Elemental Analysis by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing.     

Properties of anaerobically digested and composted municipal solid waste assessed by linking soil mesofauna dynamics and nitrogen modelling

We have studied the effect of anaerobically digested (ADMSW) and composted municipal solid waste (CMSW) on mineralization and foodweb dynamics to verify the hypothesis that ADMSW would immobilize N right after addition to soil in contrast to addition with CMSW. Another hypothesis was that the mesofauna (enchytraeids and microarthropods) would stimulate N release from the decomposer community. We measured excretion of -N and urea-N from the mesofauna and hypothesized that enchytraeids would release urea. ADMSW and CMSW were amended to pots with sandy loam and barley. The pots were divided into treatments with or without mesofauna. Mesofauna, plant N and biomass, soil N and ergosterol (fungal biomass) were measured over a 113-day period of four equidistant samplings. Soil respiration, N mineralization and N release by the mesofauna were modelled from concurrent studies. ADMSW- and CMSW-treated soils initially (<20 days) immobilized N. The amendments did not increase plant growth substantially, and this was probably due to N-limitation in the early stages of plant growth. Enchytraeid abundance was about three times higher in ADMSW- than CMSW-treated soils, indicating that ADMSW contained more labile compounds, bacteria, and microfauna. The mesofauna did not affect N-content, but the cumulated -N excreted by the mesofauna was estimated to be substantial and about one-fifth of total plant N in ADMSW. An explanation for this discrepancy might be that in the absence of the mesofauna, other members of the detrivore and microbivore community performed the mesofauna’s function. Neither enchytraeids nor microarthropods excreted urea.     

Faculty positions: Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences

正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology,     

Faculty positions: Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences

正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology,     

Faculty positions:Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences

正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology,     

Assessing the effectiveness of conservation measures: Resolving the “wicked” problem of the Steller sea lion

“Wicked” problems are those that are complex and that change when solutions are applied. Many conflicts in conservation fall into this category. The study approached the problem of how to constrain the apparent wickedness of a problem in the conservation management of a species by using simple empirical indicators to carry out iterative assessment of the risk to a population and to document how this risk evolves in relation to the addition of new data and the implementation of management actions. Effects of high levels of uncertainty within data and also concerning population structure were examined through stochastic simulation and by exploration of scenarios. Historical trends in the example used, the Steller sea lion, showed rapid declines in abundance in some regions during the 1980s. The current total population is 130,000-150,000 Steller sea lions through Alaska and British Columbia and this number has been stable since about 1990 in spite of regional differences in population dynamics. Regional differences in the sequence of changes in the number of pups and non-pups, suggested that an internal re-distribution of juveniles could have happened between 1980 and 1990. Current productivity also appears close to the long-term mean. Stochastic population projection using various scenarios showed that, based upon this history, the risk of extinction for the population has declined and is below reasonable thresholds for considering the population to be endangered. The trends in risk suggest that management actions taken since 1990 have probably been effective. Consequently, the conservation management objectives for the Steller sea lion are probably being met. The approach provides a mechanism, based upon experience and scenario analysis, for exploring future policy options and may help to constrain the debate amongst stakeholders about the cost-benefit trade-offs associated with different options.     

Soil-profile distribution of primary and secondary plant-available nutrients under conventional and no tillage

Nutrient distributions under no tillage (NT) compared with conventional disk-and-bed tillage (CT) management in the warm, humid region of the southeastern USA need to be assessed so that future placement, quantity, and type of fertilizers can be altered, if necessary, to efficiently match crop demands. We determined soil-profile distributions of pH, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu to a depth of 0.9 m at the end of 8.5 years of continuous CT and NT management on a Weswood silty clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic Fluventic Ustochrept) in southcentral Texas. Most dramatic changes occurred within the 0–0.05 m depth, where soil under NT had lower pH, Fe, and Cu than under CT, but greater P, K, Zn, and Mn. Greater P and K under NT than under CT also occurred below the till-zone (0.15–0.3 m). At a depth of 0–0.3 m, soil under NT contained greater amounts of extractable P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu than under CT. Nitrogen fertilization had little effect on nutrient distributions, except resulting in greater extractable K at 0–0.05 m and greater nitrate at 0–0.15 m. Few changes in soil-profile distributions were observed for extractable S, Ca, Mg, and Na. Long-term continuous use of NT on this fine-textured, high-fertility (except for N) soil had no apparent adverse effects on nutrient distributions relative to CT, but enhanced conservation and availability of P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu near the soil surface where crop roots proliferate.     

Macroinvertebrates in North American tallgrass prairie soils: effects of fire, mowing, and fertilization on density and biomass

The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils.