共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 150 毫秒
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<正> 当今世界上犬的品种有300多个,其中拉布拉多犬拥有3套下同的毛色并且颜色反差很大,是一个非常少见的品种。 美国官方养犬协会(AKC)制定的拉布拉多犬毛色标准是:被毛颜色分为黑色、黄色和巧克力色3种,任何别的毛色和混合色都被取消品种资格。在胸前有白色小斑点是属于正常现象,身上出现类似老年斑、疤痕斑等与毛色无关。黑色的拉 相似文献
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本试验旨在研究影响动物被毛颜色变化的功能基因ASIP在野猪群体里的变异及其与被毛表型之间的相关性。通过直接测序法搜寻ASIP基因编码区、5′ UTR、3′ UTR和部分内含子区域突变位点。结果表明:在ASIP基因的3′ UTR区域识别了一个T→C突变位点(ASIP.c 695 T→C),而在其它区域没用发现。通过群体内多态性检测,7个毛色类型的野猪在此突变位点都是CC或CT基因型,而长白猪群全部是TT基因型。从这个结果得出具有不同毛色的野猪群体可能是由突变位点C等位基因引起,不能排除还有其它毛色功能基因参与野猪被毛的形成。研究为进一步了解野猪ASIP毛色功能基因在其群体内的遗传变异奠定了理论基础。 相似文献
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1毛色遗传猪的毛色主要有白色、黑色、棕红色、花斑四种,皮肤和毛的颜色是黑色素引起的,黑色素有两种类型:褐黑色素及真黑色素,黄色或红色是由于黑色素形成过程提前终止而引起。1.1控制毛色的基因位点A位点——控制真黑色素或褐黑色素在不同部位的分布。B位点——决定产生的色素是黑色还是褐色。C位点——控制色素合成的强度。D位点——控制色素表现的深浅程度,是一种修饰基因,又叫淡化基因。E位点——决定真黑色素对褐黑色素的扩展程度。S位点——决定色素沉着时,颜色是连续的还是花斑的。其中研究得比较清楚的有:显性白色基因… 相似文献
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MC1R与Slc7a11基因多态性与哈萨克羊毛色相关的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
《中国畜牧杂志》2017,(10)
本研究采集新疆伊犁哈萨克自治州特克斯县4种不同被毛颜色2~3周岁的220只哈萨克母羊血样用于提取DNA,其中黑色被毛羊52只,棕色被毛羊52只,青灰色被毛羊59只,白色被毛羊57只;并采集绵羊左侧肩胛皮肤样本,每种毛色各10个,用于组织形态学观察。本研究运用PCR-SSCP技术及测序技术对MC1R基因及Slc7a11基因多态性及其对哈萨克羊毛色的影响进行研究。运用皮肤样本制作切片用于不同毛色组织形态学观察。结果表明:MC1R基因突变位点在白色和棕色被毛群体中,只存在BB基因型;而在黑色和青灰色被毛群体中,存在AA、AB和BB 3种基因型;且AB基因型均为优势基因型,A等位基因为优势等位基因。由组织形态学观察可知,黑色和青灰色被毛组织毛囊分布极为相似,毛囊分布稀疏且皮脂腺发达;棕色被毛最具特色,毛囊丛分布明显,皮脂腺分布不发达;白色被毛毛囊分布最为密集,且皮脂腺分布密集并且最为发达。经χ~2检验,MC1R基因的基因型频率在4种毛色羊中的分布差异极显著(P0.01)。Slc7a11基因位点在伊犁哈萨克羊群体中发现其不存在多态性。 相似文献
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《中国兽医学报》2016,(8)
以海狸色、青紫蓝色、紫貂色、蓝色、黄色、白色和黑色獭兔为研究对象,采用实时定量PCR方法对agouti和Mc1r基因在不同毛色獭兔的皮肤、肝脏、垂体和脾脏组织的表达水平进行测定。结果表明,彩色獭兔agouti和Mc1r基因在各组织均有表达,其表达量与各组织及色素的生成相关,皮肤表达量最高,肝脏和垂体高于常规组织脾脏。Agouti和Mc1r基因表达量具有毛色差异性,且两者表达量呈负相关。Agouti基因在海狸色、青紫蓝色和黄色獭兔表达量高,在黑色、蓝色和紫貂色獭兔表达量低;Mc1r基因在黑色表达量最高,黄色獭兔表达量最低。Agouti和Mc1r基因表达量能够显著改变被毛颜色,为被毛颜色形成的关键因子。 相似文献
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Coat and hair color: hair cortisol and serotonin levels in lactating Holstein cows under heat stress conditions 下载免费PDF全文
Jalil Ghassemi Nejad Byong‐Wan Kim Bae‐Hun Lee Kyung‐Il Sung 《Animal Science Journal》2017,88(1):190-194
The deleterious effects of heat stress on animal health are being increasingly recognized. This study aimed to determine hair cortisol (HC) and serotonin levels in lactating Holstein cows under heat stress conditions with different coat and hair‐cut color. Forty‐five multiparous lactating Holstein cows (days in milk = 130 ± 47, body weight = 753 ± 85 kg) were divided to two main groups of over 80% black coat color (BC) and over 85% white coat color (WC) visually observed based on registry certificates and subdividing to black hair sample (BH) and white hair samples (WH) in 2 × 2 factorial arrangements. Hair samples were taken from the forehead of the individuals. Higher HC levels were observed in BC than WC cows (P < 0.05). No differences were found in HC levels between BH and WH groups (P > 0.05). Serotonin levels showed no difference between BC and WC (P > 0.05). Interaction between coat color and hair color was not significant (P > 0.05). The cortisol levels in hair are not affected by pigmentation. However, pigmentation within the coat alters cortisol levels. In conclusion, white coat color retains less cortisol than the black coat. Therefore, white coats are preferable for dairy cows under heat stress conditions. 相似文献
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《Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research》2008,3(6):255-265
The German shepherd dog (GSD) is a preferred choice of many law enforcement and military agencies across the world. Unfortunately, the breed is afflicted with approximately 50 hereditary diseases. Seven major diseases afflicting the GSD are described herein: pancreatic acinar atrophy, megaesophagus, hip dysplasia, degenerative myelopathy, hemophilia A, von Willebrand disease, and hereditary multifocal renal cystadenocarcinoma and nodular dermatofibrosis. Also included is a discussion of behavior, a characteristic thought to be inherited in the dog and often problematic in larger breeds such as the GSD. Current clinical and genetic research efforts pertaining to these diseases are reviewed. 相似文献
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羊驼毛纤维颜色丰富,具有22种天然色,与其他哺乳动物一样,主要由遗传基因决定。掌握控制羊驼毛色基因的改变,可以有效地控制羊驼毛色的转变。哺乳动物的毛色表型与动物体内黑色素的种类、数量、合成及分布有关。在羊驼皮肤组织中,Agouti基因、MC1R基因、酪氨酸酶基因家族、KIT基因、AIF基因、β-catenin基因、Wnt3α基因、Mitf-M基因、EDNRA基因、EDNRB基因、CDK5基因、PRS5基因、P基因及花斑突变都参与羊驼毛色的形成与调控。综述了羊驼毛色相关基因的研究进展。 相似文献
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为探明黑貉酪氨酸酶相关蛋白1(tyrosinase-related protein 1,TYRP1)基因CDS序列并对其进行生物信息学分析,试验采集黑貉背部皮肤组织提取RNA后反转录为cDNA,根据GenBank中犬科TYRP1基因mRNA序列(登录号:NM_001194966.1)设计1对特异性引物,通过RT-PCR扩增TYRP1基因CDS区,将其插入到克隆载体中,对阳性菌落经PCR验证和序列测定后进行生物信息学分析。结果显示,黑貉TYRP1基因CDS序列全长为1 614 bp,编码537个氨基酸,所编码蛋白属于不稳定可溶性的亲水蛋白质。TYRP1基因与狐的遗传距离较近,说明该基因在不同物种及进化过程中具有高度保守性。TYRP1蛋白二级结构中,无规则卷曲所占比例最高,为54.0%;α-螺旋次之,为29.8%。TYRP1蛋白三级结构主要由大量无规则卷曲和α-螺旋构成,与二级结构相一致。TYRP1蛋白具有氧化还原酶活性,参与DNA修复和复制、蛋白质合成和降解,可与TYR、DCT、TP53、TRPC1等多种蛋白相互作用。本试验结果为进一步探索TYRP1基因在哺乳动物毛色遗传机制中的功能提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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T L Grieshaber J C Blakemore S Yaskulski 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》1986,188(9):1053-1054
A Bichon Frise pup had congenital alopecia. Histologic evaluation revealed the absence of hair follicles, arector pili muscles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands. Unlike previously described cases of congenital ectodermal defect, this alopecia was not associated with any color pattern; the pup was white until it was 4 months old, at which time normal black and brown pigmentation developed independently of the alopecic pattern. 相似文献
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试验旨在检测水貂酪氨酸酶(tyrosinase,TYR)基因T138A位点的多态性,并分析其与水貂毛色表型的相关性。提取5种被毛色型430只水貂血液基因组DNA,采用PCR-RFLP技术,对TYR基因T138A位点进行多态性检测,统计等位基因频率与基因型频率,通过卡方(χ2)独立性检验分析该位点多态性与水貂毛色性状的相关性。结果表明,T138A位点存在2个等位基因T和A,形成TT、TA和AA 3种基因型,AA基因型在吉林白水貂群体中为优势基因型(0.9069),而TT基因型为金州黑水貂、珍珠水貂、咖啡水貂和银蓝水貂群体的优势基因型,其中在金州黑水貂群体中基因型频率最高(1.0000)。关联分析表明,TYR基因T138A位点的多态性与毛色性状呈极显著相关(P<0.0001)。表明TYR基因T138A位点可能是影响水貂毛色的主控位点或与调控白色被毛表型主控位点连锁的分子标记。 相似文献
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SONG Xing-chao XU Chao LIU Zong-yue YANG Tong-ao YUE Zhi-gang LIU Lin-ling CONG Bo YANG Fu-he 《中国畜牧兽医》2017,44(10):2973-2979
In order to detect the polymorphism of T138A locus in tyrosinase (TYR) gene in mink and analyze the relationship between the genetic polymorphisms and phenotypes of mink hair color, the blood samples of 430 minks with five kinds of different hair color were taken and their genomic DNA were extracted. The T138A locus of TYR gene in mink was detected using PCR-RFLP method. Allele frequency and genotype frequency were calculated. Furthermore, the relationship between the polymorphism of T138A locus and hair color trait were analyzed by the statistical method of Chi-square independence test. The results showed that the T138A locus polymorphism was found with two alleles T and A,and three genotypes of TT, TA and AA. AA genotype was dominant genotype in Jilin White mink (0.9069), TT genotype was dominant genotype in Jinzhou Black mink,Pearl mink,Coffee mink and Silverblue mink, and existed mainly in Jizhou Black mink (1.0000). The association analysis of T138A locus polymorphism with hair color trait indicated that there was extremely significant correlation between TYR gene polymorphism and hair color of mink (P < 0.0001). This results indicated that the T138A locus might affect hair color phenotype, or molecular marker linked with the major gene regulating the white hair phenotype of mink. 相似文献
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应用基因遗传分离定律方法分析测定, 论证了中国地方狼犬狼青色个体的基因型为aw/aw或aw/at,黑背黄腹个体的基因型为at/at,基因aw对at显性。纯合狼青色的犬与其它毛色类型的犬相配所得后代,其毛色全为狼青色; 经鉴定为杂合子的狼青色犬与纯合的黑背黄腹犬相配,所得后代的毛色分离比为1∶1;经鉴定为杂合狼青色的公母犬互配,所得后代毛色分离比为3∶1。中国地方狼犬与德国牧羊犬相配,其后代毛色完全遵循基因遗传分离规律。 相似文献