河南省部分地区中小型猪场猪瘟感染及免疫状况监测

本试验分别应用猪瘟抗原检测试剂盒和猪瘟正向血凝试剂盒检测了河南省部分地区中小型猪场388份全血样品中的猪瘟抗原和545份血清样品中的猪瘟抗体。结果显示,所检测的388份全血样品中有193份呈现抗原阳性(49.74%)3,6份呈现可疑,阳性率较高;27个中小型猪场中免疫合格率仅为29.63%,母猪、育肥猪、哺乳仔猪、断奶仔猪的合格率均低于80%的大群免疫保护临界线,免疫效果较差。     

不同免疫程序对猪瘟活疫苗免疫效果的研究

为了解规模化猪场猪瘟疫苗免疫情况和猪瘟病毒感染情况,采用商业化ELISA试剂盒,对大庆市某规模化猪场530份血清样品分别进行猪瘟抗体水平和猪瘟病毒抗原检测。试验结果表明:经过二次免疫的猪群,猪瘟抗体阳性率为95.0%(115/121),比一次免疫的抗体阳性率66.1%(74/112)提高了28.9%,而且抗体水平整齐度较一次免疫显著提高。在530份受检猪只中,利用ELISA试剂盒检测血清中的猪瘟抗原,阳性检出率为0%,表明该猪场猪瘟病毒感染风险较低,对18份可疑样品用RT-PCR检测,没有检测出猪瘟病毒。研究表明,对当前的猪场仅仅实施一次免疫是不够的,只有实施二次免疫,才能获得较高的免疫抗体水平,有效地防控猪瘟疫病的发生。     

福建省某规模化猪场猪瘟免疫情况的研究报告

应用爱德士猪瘟抗体检测试剂盒对福建省某规模化猪场60头仔猪、15头母猪血液样品(其中20日龄仔猪血液样品30份、50日龄仔猪血液样品30份)进行猪瘟抗体水平检测,以了解该猪场的猪瘟免疫情况。     

某地区猪瘟流行病学调查与分析

为了解某地区猪瘟的流行情况,为有效实施相关的免疫和预防工作提供依据.本次研究应用猪瘟病毒抗体ELISA检测试剂盒对2016年6月至2016年9月从某地区4个规模化猪场和10个散养户采集的猪血液样品进行猪瘟抗原检测.结果显示,检测血液样品共628份,有186份样品检测为阳性,阳性率为29.62%.其中以保育猪阳性率最高,为44.2%;育肥猪次之,为31.6%;而仔猪和种母猪的抗原检测阳性率较低,分别为20.5%和19.4%.     

邓州地区猪瘟流行病学的调查与分析

深入了解邓州地区猪瘟的流行情况,为有效实施相关的免疫和预防工作提供依据。本次研究应用猪瘟病毒抗体ELISA检测试剂盒对2016年6月—9月从本地区4个规模化猪场和10个散养户采集的猪血液样品进行猪瘟抗原检测。结果显示,检测血液样品共628份,共有186份样品检测为阳性,阳性率为29.62%,其中以保育猪阳性率最高(44.2%),育肥猪次之,为31.6%,而仔猪和种母猪的抗原检测阳性率较低,分别为20.5%和19.4%。     

某地区猪瘟流行病学调查与分析

为了解某地区猪瘟的流行情况,为有效实施相关的免疫和预防工作提供依据.本次研究应用猪瘟病毒抗体ELISA检测试剂盒于2016年6月~2016年9月从本地区4个规模化猪场和10个散养户采集的猪血液样品进行猪瘟抗原检测.结果显示,检测血液样品共628份,共有186份样品检测为阳性,阳性率为29.62%,其中以保育猪阳性率最高(44.2%),育肥猪次之,为31.6%,而仔猪和种母猪的抗原检测阳性低较低,分别为20.5%和19.4%.     

闽西地区规模化猪场猪瘟抗体水平监测及免疫效果分析

应用猪瘟正向间接血凝试验 ,检测了闽西地区规模化猪场 10 93份血清的猪瘟抗体水平。结果表明 ,猪瘟血清抗体水平≤ 1∶ 8的有 2 6 7份 ,免疫合格率为 75 .5 %。哺乳仔猪检测 10 7份 ,猪瘟血清抗体水平≤ 1∶ 8的有 34份 ,免疫合格率为 6 8%。断奶仔猪检测 333份 ,猪瘟血清抗体水平≤ 1∶ 8的有 12 3份 ,免疫合格率为 6 2 %。育肥猪检测 34 0份 ,猪瘟血清抗体水平≤ 1∶ 8的有 94份 ,免疫合格率为 72 %。母猪检测 313份 ,猪瘟血清抗体水平≤ 1∶ 8的有 16份 ,免疫合格率为 95 %。所有猪群中断奶仔猪免疫合格率最低 ,与临床上断奶仔猪猪瘟发病率最高相吻合。     

山东五莲县规模猪场猪瘟免疫效果监测

为了解五莲县规模化猪场猪瘟疫苗的免疫效果,应用猪瘟抗体竞争ELISA试验对全县16家猪场的480份血清样品进行实验室检测。结果显示,在对种公猪、母猪、育肥猪3种猪群的猪瘟抗体检测中,母猪血清检测160份,其中免疫合格148份,合格率92.5%;种公猪血清检测40份,免疫合格40份,合格率100%;育肥猪血清检测280份,免疫合格226份,合格率80.7%。以上结果表明,猪瘟的抗体水平检测合格率均在80%以上,且种公猪的抗体免疫合格率大于母猪,育肥猪为三者中最低。     

云南4个规模化猪场猪瘟抗体水平监测及免疫效果分析

为检测云南省某地区规模化养猪场猪瘟病毒抗体水平及免疫效果分析,通过监测整体猪瘟抗体水平来制定有效的免疫程序,并对抗体效价不合格的猪只及时补种疫苗,对猪瘟的防控有重大意义。本试验应用猪瘟正向间接血凝试验,检测了云南省某地区4个规模化猪场283份血清的猪瘟抗体水平。结果表明,猪瘟血清抗体水平≧1∶8的有74份,免疫合格率为73.9%。哺乳仔猪检测65份,猪瘟血清抗体水平≧1∶8的有22份,免疫合格率为66.2%。断奶仔猪检测74份,猪瘟血清抗体水平≧1∶8的有28份,免疫合格率为62.1%。育肥猪检测75份,猪瘟血清抗体水平≧1∶8的有21份,免疫合格率为72%。母猪检测69份,猪瘟血清抗体水平≧1∶8的有3份,免疫合格率为95.6%。所有猪群中断奶仔猪免疫合格率最低,与临床上断奶仔猪猪瘟发病率较高相吻合。     

规模猪场猪瘟病原及抗体监测分析

采用阻断ELTSA方法检测湖南9个规模猪场猪瘟抗体,评价规模猪场猪群猪瘟免疫状况。结果显示,经产母猪猪瘟抗体阳性率82%,合格率64%;后备母猪猪瘟抗体阳性率80%,合格率60%;公猪猪瘟抗体阳性率93%,合格率86%。对21个规模猪场采集的85份病料进行了猪瘟的病原检测,结果显示,6个猪场共9份病料中猪瘟核酸阳性(RT-PCR方法),阳性场中5个猪场为中小型猪场,1个为种猪场。猪场的猪瘟阳性检出率为28.6%,病料的猪瘟阳性检出率为10.6%。     

青海藏猪与八眉猪遗传多样性研究

为调查青海藏猪与八眉猪遗传资源,本研究测定了青海藏猪与八眉猪线粒体DNA D环(mt DNA)高变区核苷酸序列。结果表明:青海藏猪与八眉猪mt DNA D-loop高变区存在14个多态位点,其中有5个单一多态位点和9简约信息位点,根据多态位点界定了14个单倍型,其中6个是青海藏猪和八眉猪所共享,且各自有4个特有单倍型。由于自然条件下产生的突变类型积累的缘故,青海藏猪保持了相对较高的遗传多样性,而可能由于瓶颈效应与人工选择影响,八眉猪的遗传多样性较低。系统发育揭示八眉猪和藏猪是两次不同的驯化事件的结果。     

低蛋白日粮对生长猪及育肥猪的影响

选取初始体重为25kg的杜×大×长三元健康生长猪176头及初始体重为50kg的杜×大×长三元健康育肥猪144头。采用单因子设计,分为对照组和试验组;对照组中日粮按照NRC（1998）营养需要量推荐配制,试验组在NRC推荐的日粮粗蛋白质水平上降低4个百分点探讨低蛋白质日粮对生长猪和育肥猪生长性能的影响。结果表明：生长猪试验组日增重比对照组增加了46g,提高幅度为6．82％：料肉比比对照组低10．96％：增重成本节约0．89元／kg体重。育肥猪试验1组日增重较高．比对照组增加23g．提高幅度为3．09％。试验2组与对照组日增重相当;试验1组、试验2组料肉比分别比对照组降低1．15％和3．2％;试验1组、试验2组增重成本分别比对照组节约0．44元／kg体重和0．49元／kg体重;试验组瘦肉率与对照组相比没有显著差异。从各指标的趋势上看．试验组的生长表现和经济效益均优于对照组．     

Associations between pathogens in healthy pigs and pigs with pneumonia

The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between different pathogens in the development of pneumonia and bronchopneumonia in pigs. Samples of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from 100 pigs showing no clinical signs and 239 pigs with clinical signs of respiratory disease were examined for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Mycoplasma hyorhinis, US-type porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (PRRSV), EU-type PRRSV, porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2), influenza virus type A, alpha-haemolytic Streptococcus species, beta-haemolytic Streptococcus species, Pasteurella multocida, Bordetella bronchiseptica, Haemophilus parasuis and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. These potential pathogens were detected more frequently in the pigs with respiratory problems than in the pigs with no clinical signs. pcv-2 and alpha-haemolytic streptococci were the pathogens most frequently detected; A pleuropneumoniae was isolated in only two cases. There were more often associations between the organisms in the pigs with clinical signs than in the healthy pigs. In particular, alpha-haemolytic streptococci and M hyopneumoniae were both associated with the presence of M hyorhinis, EU-type PRRSV, P multocida and B bronchiseptica, and alpha-haemolytic streptococci also occurred more often in pigs that were already infected with other pathogens. P multocida and B bronchiseptica were both significantly associated with M hyopneumoniae, alpha-haemolytic streptococci, EU-type PRRSV and US-type PRRSV.     

2种猪源链球菌对猪、兔的致病性试验

检测了4株猪链球菌2型(Streptococcus suistype 2,SS2)和2株马链球菌兽疫亚种(Streptococcus equisubsp.zooepidem icus,SEZ)对猪、兔的致病性。SS2-1、SS2-H及SS2-006444株均分离自发病猪内脏,前2株毒力因子表现型为MRP+EF+SLY+,后者为MRP-EF-SLY-;SS2-D株为国外引进的SS2人源株,作为对照,其毒力因子的表现型为MRP+EF*SLY+;SEZ-CY和SEZ-CN株均分离自发病猪并经鉴定。SS2-1、SS2-H、SEZ-CY和SEZ-CN株对猪(2~3头/组)的最小致死量分别为106、107、104和108cfu;对兔(2~3只/组)的最小致死量分别为100~1 000、1 000、100和105cfu;SS2-D株108cfu对猪不致死,对兔的最小致死量为108cfu,而SS2-006444对猪、兔无致病性。显示SS2毒力因子与其对猪、兔的致病性有关;SS2与SEZ菌株对兔或猪的致病性一致,可用兔取代猪做试验;SS2和SEZ菌株通过腹腔、皮下、肌肉或静脉注射均可感染兔(2~4只/组),并致死,SEZ还可经口、鼻感染;SEZ与SS2静脉感染猪后10 m in即可检出细菌,此后2~4 h为无菌血症阶段,之后重新出现。     

Biochemical intestinal parameters in pigs reared outdoors and indoors,and in germ-free pigs

Intestinal microbial functions reflect cross-talk between a host and its flora, and external factors may influence these functions. The aim of this investigation was to follow the development of six biochemical microbial-related functions of piglets, raised outdoors (OPs) or indoors (IPs), from birth to slaughter age. The following parameters (microflora-associated characteristic; MAC) were consecutively measured at five different ages: production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), conversion of cholesterol to coprostanol and of bilirubin to urobilinogens, inactivation of trypsin, degradation of beta-aspartylglycine and of mucin. Additionally, four parameters (production of SCFA. conversion of cholesterol to coprostanol, inactivation of trypsin, degradation of beta-aspartylglycine) were investigated in faecal samples from germ-free minipigs. The differences in MAC patterns between OPs and IPs were most pronounced at 20 days of age. Differences were found in the total amount of SCFAs, proportions of the acetic, propionic and butyric acids, conversion of bilirubin to urobilinogens, degradation of faecal tryptic activity and degradation of mucin. The values found in the minipigs were within the range of a germ-free animal characteristic (GAC) pattern. Our results show that environmental factors influence the development of some intestinal microbial functions in pigs.     

藏猪与连续海拔分布猪种血常规及血流变学指标研究

试验以迪庆藏猪和分布在连续海拔梯度的土著猪种(丽江猪、保山猪、德宏小耳猪)为研究对象,共采集228份血液样品,测量血液生理和血流变学指标共16项。结果显示藏猪红细胞数(RBC)、血红蛋白浓度(HGB)、红细胞压积(HCT)、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量(MCH)和平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)均极显著高于德宏小耳猪(P<0.01),增加了血红蛋白运氧能力。藏猪全血黏度和血浆黏度均高于低海拔德宏小耳猪(P<0.05),但藏猪红细胞聚集性极显著低于其他猪种(P<0.01),从而钝化由RBC和HGB增加带来血液黏度增加的不良影响,以适应高原低氧的环境。从4个海拔梯度看,血常规指标和血流变学指标大都呈现随海拔升高而升高的趋势,表明这两类指标与藏猪高海拔适应相关。     

Miniature pigs.

Miniature pigs have become popular pets in North America, and veterinarians of a variety of clinical specialties may be called on for their care. Successful collection of blood from these animals requires familiarity with the location of sites for venipuncture and knowledge of adequate methods of restraint. In this article, restraint and techniques for venipuncture are described, as well as techniques for cerebrospinal fluid collection, semen collection, and vaginal cytologic examination. Interpretation of hematologic, serum biochemical, and urinalysis data are also discussed. Methods for diagnosis of skin diseases, gastrointestinal parasitism, and enteric infectious diseases are included in order to provide the practitioner with the essential knowledge and skills for a variety of clinical pathologic studies of this unique pet.     

Growth hormone concentrations in plasma of healthy pigs and pigs with atrophic rhinitis.

Plasma concentrations of porcine growth hormone (PGH) were similar in healthy pigs and those with atrophic rhinitis (AR), therefore, observed reduced growth rates and feed efficiency in naturally infected pigs with AR were not attributed to low concentrations of plasma PGH. Also, pituitary glands in both groups of pigs were responsive to growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) challenge by increasing PGH secretion. Administration of clonidine hydrochloride to pigs naturally infected with AR failed to elicit any significant change (5.3 +/- 1.4 ng/ml) in the plasma concentration of PGH within a 45-minute bleeding interval. The pretreatment concentrations of PGH were similar in specific-pathogen-free toxin-treated and specific-pathogen-free control groups, but they increased significantly in toxin-treated pigs (20.7 +/- 8.2 ng/ml) within 15 minutes after GHRH injection. Porcine growth hormone release in toxin-treated pigs was variable; however, all pigs did not respond to GHRH administration: 3 responded with an increase in PGH release (35.6 +/- 10.6 ng/ml), 2 did not respond (6.7 +/- 0.5 ng/ml), and 1 had a decrease in PGH release (3.9 ng/ml). Therefore, the observed reduced growth rates reported in the literature may be attributed to factors at the target level of PGH action, such as insufficient or down-regulation of PGH receptors, changes or impaired ability in the PGH receptor-binding characteristics, and inability of PGH receptor complex to transduce signal. Toxins are known to modulate signal transduction pathways. It has been speculated that serotype-D Pasteurella multocida toxin may influence growth by its effect on signal transduction from PGH receptor complex on the cell membrane to the interior of the cell.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)