制约我国渔民收入增长因素分析

近年来渔业增速放缓，渔民增收乏力，成为制约渔业经济健康发展的瓶颈。本文以相关分析方法分析制约渔民收入增长的各个因素，通过渔民税负重、渔民教育程度低下、水产品价格上涨缓慢以及海水养殖的产量增长缓慢等因素分析，试图找出渔民增收缓慢的关键因素，进而提出提高渔民收入的有效途径。     

支持渔民专业合作社建设 推进渔业经营体制创新——浙江省渔民专业合作社发展调查

近年来,浙江省通过积极培育渔民专业合作经济组织,扎实推进渔业经营体制改革创新,对提升渔业产业化水平,增加渔业效益和渔民收入发挥了重要作用。一、浙江省渔民专业合作社发展过程改革开放以来,浙江省渔业经营体制先后经历了＂三级所有、队为基础＂、＂三定二奖＂、＂比例分成＂、     

提高上海渔民收入的对策研究

上海是我国经济中心之一,也是全国农民收入最高的地区之一.近年来,上海市农民人均可支配收入呈不断上升的趋势.渔民作为上海市农民的一部分,承担着为社会提供水产品的任务.渔民收入的提高不仅对上海市农民收入的提高产生直接的影响,也有利于缩小上海市城乡收入的差距.同时提高上海市渔民收入也有利于扩大内需,刺激消费,推动经济持续增长.文章从上海市渔民收入的现状分析入手,探讨了近年来上海渔民收入的状况和增长趋势,分析了影响渔民收入的各种因素.最后依据上海市渔业发展的具体情况提出了提高渔民收入的对策和建议.     

博鳌发展休闲渔业的SWOT分析与对策

休闲渔业是近年来刚刚兴起的朝阳产业。博鳌发展休闲渔业具有优越的自然条件、人文条件和庞大的游客数量等众多优势。发展休闲渔业一定能为博鳌本地渔民提供就业机会,增加渔民收入,经济和社会效益十分可观。本文运用SWOT方法对博鳌镇发展休闲渔业进行分析,并针对发展休闲渔业过程中面临的形势提出对策。     

中国渔民收入问题的计量研究

本文在分析20世纪80年代以来我国渔民收入的演变趋势和特征的基础上，对影响我国渔民收入增长速度的原因进行了剖析，并有针对性提出了渔民收入的几点建议，以期为决策层提供政策依据。 中国渔民收入的演变趋势特征 改革开放后，中国的渔业和渔区经济步入了水产品供给从长期短缺转向总量平衡，渔民生产水平由贫困到温饱，进而向小康平稳过渡的发展阶段。从动态角度     

拓宽思路促进渔民增收

福建是渔业大省，渔业是福建农村经济的一大优势产业。改革开放以来，福建渔业经济得到了空前的发展，渔业生产力水平不断提升，渔民收入不断增加，市场供给不断改善，水产品短缺现象已成历史，渔业的发展为我省农业增效、农民增收和农村发展做出了巨大的贡献。但是，当前渔业发展也面临诸多的新情况、新问题，这些确定的和不确定的因素不同程度地影响渔民收入，制约了渔民增收，使渔民增收速度减缓，渔民收入增长的波动性、脆弱性和约束性也更加凸显。如何采取切实有效的措施，增加渔民收入，不仅关系到渔民生活水平的提高，还关系到渔区社…     

加快发展休闲渔业 形成新的经济增长点

休闲渔业是集旅游观光、休闲度假和渔业生产为一体的新兴产业,是传统渔业的延伸和发展。它是以提高渔民收入,增强渔业实力,发展渔区经济为最终目的,通过资源优化配置实现第一、二、三产业的相互转移与结合,从而创造出较高经济效益和社会效益。 20世纪90年代初,休闲渔业在比较发达的国家早已兴起,并形成产业。在美国休闲渔业是近年来最受喜     

长岛县休闲渔业的发展及对策研究

20世纪60年代以来,休闲渔业在一些经济较为发达的沿海国家和地区迅速崛起,作为渔业经济的新兴产业,近年来在我国发展快、效益好、潜力大,在保护渔业资源环境,促进渔民增收,调整渔业产业结构,发挥着重要的作用。本文主要论述长岛县休闲渔业发展的基本情况以及存在的问题。并据此提出了相应的建议和对策。     

休闲渔船专业委员会成立

<正>本刊讯5月15日,由中国渔船渔机渔具行业协会主办的休闲渔船专业委员会成立大会在江苏省常熟市举行,会议通过了《关于促进休闲渔船产业发展的意见》。休闲渔业近年来不断发展壮大,已成为政府保护渔业资源、降低渔业捕捞强度,推进渔民转产转业、提高渔民收入,活跃和发展渔业经济的新型产业。休闲渔船是休闲渔业的重要载体和必不可少的装备,目前全国已有近两千艘休闲渔船从事休闲渔业运营工作,绝大部分休闲渔船都是由原有捕捞渔船改建而成。近年来,广东、海南、辽     

长岛县休闲渔业的发展及对策研究

20世纪60年代以来，休闲渔业在一些经济较为发达的沿海国家和地区迅速崛起，作为渔业经济的新兴产业，近年来在我国发展较快，而且效益好、潜力大，在保护渔业资源环境、促进渔民增收、调整渔业产业结构等方面发挥着重要的作用。文章主要论述长岛县休闲渔业发展的基本情况以及存在的问题，并提出相应的建议和对策。     

关于发展渔民合作组织的思考与建议

随着经济的发展,独立经营的小规模群众渔业已渐渐不再适应市场的发展。作为顺应市场经济发展要求的渔民合作组织,对我国渔业及渔民都有着很好的保护作用,在增加渔民收入方面也是效果显著。文章针对渔民合作组织发展的重要性以及国外的先进实例做了详细阐述,并从一个全新视角对我国渔民合作组织发展提出了思考与建议,以期更好地推进我国渔民合作组织发展,促进我国渔业整体发展。     

Developing co-management in an artisanal gill net fishery of a deep hydro-electric reservoir in Sri Lanka

Abstract Victoria, is a recently (1984) impounded, deep, hydro-electric reservoir in Sri Lanka with an established commercial fishery. Participatory appraisal of the fishing community revealed decreasing reliance on fishing income with many fishermen moving away to supplementary occupations because of declining fish catches. Illegal fishing and theft of fishing gear resulting from open access, difficulties encountered in enforcing fisheries regulations and the need for fishermen to find alternative sources of income during low water levels are the major management problems. The top–down centralized management approach previously practised was ineffective in addressing any of these issues. Therefore, the possibilities and limitations for introducing co-management as an alternative management strategy were discussed. Financial hardship coupled with perceived benefits through state sponsored welfare schemes caused a positive attitude change among fishermen, making them respond favourably to fishery management. Establishing a licensing system for controlled access, ensuring greater user-group participation through equitable distribution of state sponsored benefits among members, attempting to enforce penalties for illegal fishing linked with surprise checks to enforce management regulations, and obtaining stakeholder perceptions regarding management issues are some of the recent steps taken by the Fishermen's Co-operative Society which would positively contribute towards developing effective co-management in this reservoir.     

论中国渔业非政府组织发展现状及培育机制

渔业非政府组织是推动21世纪海洋渔业产业化迅猛发展的重要途径,我国的渔业捕捞现在已在全球海洋渔业捕捞总量中占据重要地位。然而,广大渔民却在市场交易中处于劣势地位,信息不对称,交易成本过高,交易渠道单一等因素大大限制了我国渔业经济的发展,而渔业非政府组织在盘活渔民和市场的关系中,将扮演着越来越重要的角色。因此,科学地培育和促进渔业非政府组织的发展,提高其对渔业的贡献度,这对我国渔业和海洋经济的蓬勃振兴具有重要的现实意义。     

电站库区水域养殖渔业权探析

《渔业法》1986年颁布实施以来,对我国渔业资源的管护和渔民权益保护都起到了重要的作用;物权法的颁布确立了渔业权,对完善渔业法律具有重大意义。本文根据多年的库区水域渔业开发管理的实践探索,针对生产实践存在的问题,提出完善渔业权制度建设的建议,以促进渔业生产持续健康发展。     

泉州市内陆水域水产养殖规划概述

该规划科学地利用内陆水域资源,规范养殖管理,提高养殖水域利用率;合理开发利用养殖水域,有效保护养殖水域生态环境,加快完善和推进养殖管理制度;促进渔区和谐发展,确保渔业增效、渔民增收,确保内陆水域水产养殖业的可持续发展。实施该规划后,力争到2015年全市淡水水产品总产量达2．5万吨以上,比2006年增加6313吨,年均增长3．75％;淡水养殖渔民人均纯收入达10000元以上。     

Fisheries management using a pooling fishery system with a competitive sharing rule as a remedy for the “tragedy of the commons”

We propose the concept of a pooling fishery system with a competitive sharing rule as a remedy for the tragedy of the commons without the need to consider the free-riding problem or dissatisfaction of more skillful or eager members. Each fisherman receives his share of pooled income according to his level of achievement, relative to those of other members, of pre-agreed common objectives such as the conservation of depleted stocks. After analyzing the system using the game theoretic approach, we examine its performance as a fisheries management system using a computer simulation. In our example, this system was proven to suppress increases in fishing effort by game theoretic interactions among fishermen, to maintain the stock size at a high level, and to increase the average fishing income. Although there is still much scope for improving this system for practical use, the concept of this system has the potential to contribute to the attainment of sustainable fisheries management.     

The development of fisheries at Bornholm,Denmark (Baltic Sea) during 1880s–1914

For centuries the abundance of fish in the Baltic Sea has had an important role in the economy of Bornholm, Denmark. This study examines the development of Bornholm fisheries between approximately 1880s and 1914 on the basis of the first officially recorded Danish fisheries data. Several species were caught, but prior to 1914 especially herring, salmon and cod were economically most important. In the late 19th and early 20th century, the catch composition changed fundamentally due to complex interactions between biological, technological and economical factors. During the late 19th century the catches of herring increased, while the catches of salmon and cod decreased. This development coincided with the introduction of new technologies and fishing practices, including motorization of fishing vessels and the exploitation of herring in previously unexploited areas (i.e., expansion of fishing areas). In addition, the salmon fishery diminished after the introduction of driftnets, which caught large numbers of small salmon. The high catches of small salmon, in combination with other factors, probably contributed to the decline in catches of larger salmon. Each of the fisheries for the three species required different types of vessels and gear, and when catches began to drop in the salmon fishery, Bornholm fishermen were faced with two options. They could either specialise in the growing herring fishery, thereby hoping to maintain their income level, or they could pursue a strategy of risk minimization, by acquiring an income outside the fishing industry, while continuing to work part-time in the salmon and cod fisheries. This dual tendency was intensified further as marine engines and new types of vessels were introduced, raising the costs of fishing.     

Social and financial aspects of the artisanal fisheries of Middle São Francisco River, Minas Gerais, Brazil

The presence or absence of motorized boats, partnerships and multispecies catches characterize the fisheries of São Francisco River, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Fishing activity based on 109 interviews, carried out in the wet (high water: February and March) and dry (low water: July and August) seasons, with professional fishermen are described. Aiming to identify the fishery income components, a covariance model was proposed, with the income as the response variable, related to the factors: fishing ground; use of motorized or paddle boat; seasonality; presence of fishing assistant; and the following covariates: capture in weight in the week prior to the interview; fisherman experience in yrs; and distance (km) travelled for fishing. The results indicated that the main contributions to income were the absence of an engine (because of high price of the fuel), the absence of a partner (because of low capture) and the amount of fish caught by the fishermen.     

HIV and AIDS among fisherfolk: a threat to ‘responsible fisheries'?

Fishing communities are often among the highest‐risk groups in countries with high overall rates of HIV/AIDS prevalence. Vulnerability to HIV/AIDS stems from complex, interacting causes that may include the mobility of many fisherfolk, the time fishermen spend away from home, their access to daily cash income in an overall context of poverty and vulnerability, their demographic profile, the ready availability of commercial sex in fishing ports and the subcultures of risk taking and hypermasculinity among some fishermen. The subordinate economic and social position of women in many fishing communities in low‐income countries makes them even more vulnerable. HIV/AIDS in fishing communities was first dealt with as a public health issue, and most projects were conducted by health sector agencies and NGOs, focusing on education and health care provision. More recently, as the social and economic impacts of the epidemic have become evident, wider social service provision and economic support have been added. In the last 3 years, many major fishery development programmes in Africa, South/South‐East Asia and the Asia‐Pacific region have incorporated HIV/AIDS awareness in their planning. The HIV/AIDS pandemic threatens the sustainability of fisheries by eclipsing the futures of many fisherfolk. The burden of illness puts additional stresses on households, preventing them from accumulating assets derived from fishing income. Premature death robs fishing communities of the knowledge gained by experience and reduces incentives for longer‐term and inter‐generational stewardship of resources. Recent projects championing local knowledge and resource‐user participation in management need to take these realities into account. If the fishing communities of developing countries that account for 95% of the world's fisherfolk and supply more than half the world's fish are adversely impacted by HIV/AIDS, then the global supply of fish, particularly to lower‐income consumers, may be jeopardized.     

Fishermen's perception on the sustainability of small‐scale fisheries and dolphin–fisheries interactions in two increasingly fragile coastal ecosystems in western Greece

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