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<正>枣果除鲜食外,还可加工制成多种美味可口的滋补食品.现将蜜枣加工技术介绍如下:1 选料枣果成熟经过白熟期、晚熟期、完熟期,加工蜜枣以白熟期为佳(即:果皮由绿转成绿白色和乳白色,果实体积不再增长,肉质比较疏松,汁少,果皮薄而柔软的果).选完整无损、个大无病虫、无霉烂变质的“青枣”为原料,然后按大小、果皮着色情况分级进行加工.2 加工工序(1)切纹:在制作中,为使糖分渗进枣肉,应用快刀或划枣器,在果面上自上而下划纹距2mm的纵纹,深达核部,看去成瓜纹状为宜.(2)水煮:这是制作蜜枣的重要工序.将划纹后的枣坯倒入沸水中,用火烧锅保持开沸状态,煮1.5—2h,使枣坯排 相似文献
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1 选枣 加工蜜枣应选择果实椭圆形或长圆形 ,整齐美观 ,平均单果重 1 0~ 1 5g以上 ,果皮薄 ,肉质松软 ,汁少 ,含糖量少 ,甜味淡 ,核小或无核的品种。2 适期采收 做蜜枣的枣果应在白熟期采收 ,果皮绿色变浅 ,呈绿白色 ,枣果体积不再增长 ,皮薄 ,肉松 ,果汁少。含糖量低加工蜜枣最好。如过熟则果肉变脆 ,不利划皮 ,且颜色变红后 ,作出的蜜枣易成黑色 ,蜜枣没弹性 ,没有口感。3 果实清洗 将采集到的果实用流动的清水冲洗 ,洗去果实表面的污物。4 划缝 为了便于枣果吸收糖分 ,缩短糖煮时间 ,避免果实失水干缩 ,可用针将枣果果皮划破。5… 相似文献
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《园艺学报》2019,(8)
以‘壶瓶枣’(Ziziphus jujuba ‘Huping Zao’)为研究材料,研究不同时期(幼果期、膨大期及成熟期)叶面喷施CaCl_2对果皮与果肉细胞壁降解酶活性、细胞壁成分原果胶与纤维素、裂果率、显微结构的影响,为明确钙与‘壶瓶枣’裂果的关系及其潜在生理机制,有效降低枣裂果提供理论及技术支撑。结果表明:不同时期喷CaCl_2处理,均显著降低了裂果率,显著降低了果皮和果肉果胶酶与纤维素酶的活性;显著提高了果皮和果肉原果胶与纤维素含量;裂果率与果皮和果肉中果胶酶活性、纤维素酶活性呈极显著正相关,与原果胶含量和纤维素含量呈极显著负相关。CaCl_2处理后,枣果角质层保持完整,不发生龟裂;枣果表皮厚度和角质层厚度显著增加;表皮细胞小于对照且排列紧实,果肉细胞排列规整,果肉空腔数减少。幼果期和膨大期喷钙可作为减少‘壶瓶枣’裂果的重要措施。 相似文献
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《园艺学报》2021,(9)
以枣易裂果品种‘李府贡枣’和抗裂果品种‘皖枣3号’脆熟期果实为试材,分析了灌水后枣果果肩、赤道和果顶各部位硬度、果皮显微结构和细胞扩张蛋白基因表达的差异。结果显示:灌水30 h后‘李府贡枣’果肩裂开,‘皖枣3号’果实各部位硬度都大于‘李府贡枣’,‘李府贡枣’赤道和果顶硬度大于果肩;‘皖枣3号’果实表皮细胞排列紧密度和规律性优于‘李府贡枣’,‘李府贡枣’赤道和果顶表皮细胞排列紧密度和规律性优于果肩,赤道和果顶部位果皮厚度大于果肩,但灌水后增幅小于果肩;‘皖枣3号’果肩果皮中扩张蛋白EXPA类基因Zj EXPA4、Zj EXPA5-like、Zj EXPA6、Zj EXPA14和Zj EXPA17表达量都显著高于‘李府贡枣’。 相似文献
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沧蜜1号枣是在沧州枣区进行枣树品种资源调查时选出,2008年12月通过河北省林木品种委员会审定。果实长圆形,平均单果重17.2g,最大果重35.2g。果实白熟期大小整齐,果面平整光洁,果皮薄,果肉白绿色,肉质疏松,汁液少,可食率97.7%, 相似文献
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1 采收前处理在冬枣的品种中以晚熟品种、干鲜兼用品种、抗裂果品种、小果品种比较耐贮藏。枣果着色初期 ,喷施 10~ 2 0mg/L的 2 4 -D或10mg/L赤霉素、15mg/L萘乙酸溶液 ,可减轻落果 ,延长着色及采收期 ,有利于贮藏保鲜。采收前喷施波尔多液 ,有助于延长衰老期 ,提高枣果的保鲜效果。但不能喷施乙烯利。2 适时采收枣果的成熟过程可分白熟期、脆熟期和晚熟期 3个阶段。在脆熟期 ,果皮自果梗、果肩开始逐渐着色转红 ,果肉含糖量急剧增加 ,质地变脆 ,汁液增多 ,果肉呈绿白色 ,具有酸甜适口、松脆多汁等优良鲜食品质 ,所以脆熟期… 相似文献
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Developmental problems in over-winter off-season longan fruit. II: Development of pericarp structure
Wei-Hai Yang Si-Cong Deng Xiao-Chuan Zhu Hui-Cong Wang Hong Wu Xu-Ming Huang 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010
Fruit development was investigated in field and changes in pericarp structure were comparatively studied in over-winter off-season and on-season longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour. cv. Chuliang). The results showed developmental problems including small fruit size, severe fruit cracking and heavy fruit drop in the off-season fruit, although their seed size was not significantly affected compared to the on-season fruit. Anatomical studies showed that off-season longan fruit had a poorly developed pericarp, which was reflected by smaller fresh weight as well as thinner pericarp thickness, thinner spongy tissue, fewer cell layers in the periderm, smaller cell size and fewer cell numbers in the parenchyma tissue at the upper mesocarp, and fewer cell layers in the endocarp. In contrast, the recovery of the sclereids in the mesocarp was higher in the pericarp of the off-season fruit. The poor development of the pericarp in off-season fruit probably caused the small fruit size and severe fruit cracking. It was suggested that the adverse climatic conditions encountered by fruit development in the over-winter off-season longan suppressed cell division and expansion in the pericarp but did not affect sclereid formation. 相似文献
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套袋对桃果实成熟过程中酚酸类和类黄酮类物质积累的影响 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
以‘晚蜜’桃为试材, 果实于盛花后75 d套袋、盛花后144 d除袋, 以未套袋果作对照, 应用HPLC - MS技术对果皮中酚酸类和类黄酮类物质进行了定性定量分析。在成熟果中分离、检测到了3种酚酸类物质, 8种黄酮醇类物质, 5种黄烷- 3 - 醇类物质和2种花色苷类物质。伴随果实成熟, 酚酸类和黄烷- 3 - 醇类物质的含量逐渐下降; 黄酮醇类物质在果实发育早期含量较高, 而后逐渐降低, 果实着色初期其含量骤然上升, 到成熟后期又急剧下降; 未套袋果在盛花后144 d已有花色苷积累, 套袋果除袋后果皮迅速合成花色苷。成熟期套袋果和未套袋果中的酚酸和黄烷- 3 - 醇类物质的含量没有差异, 但套袋果中花色苷类和黄酮醇类物质的含量显著高于未套袋果, 其中套袋果的花色苷含量为未套袋果的1174倍。试验表明, 酚酸类和黄烷- 3 - 醇类物质对光较敏感, 套袋显著抑制了这两类物质的合成, 但未影响成熟果中的含量, 套袋处理增加了成熟果中花色苷和黄酮醇的积累。桃果皮中的花色苷类物质代谢在果实发育早期向花色苷以外的各分支代谢方向进行, 果实着色初期同时积累黄酮醇和花色苷, 到成熟后期主要为花色苷的合成。 相似文献
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L. F. M. Marcelis L. R. Baan Hofman-Eijer 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(5):665-671
The contributions of different fruit parts to the growth of a parthenocarpic cucumber fruit were analysed throughout fruit development. Growth in length and circumference were measured along the fruit. Cell size was measured at several places in the pericarp of the fruit during its development and the contribution of cell division and expansion to the growth of the fruit was quantified. All parts along the fruit expanded in length and thickness at approximately the same rate, except for the fruit ends, where the growth rate slowed down sooner than in the middle part. The increase in thickness of the fruit was the result of a constant increase in thickness of placenta and pericarp throughout development of the fruit. No specific expansion zones were observed. Cells expanded continuously throughout ovary and fruit development. Cell division, however, was restricted to the first part of the growing period. Cell size decreased from the peduncle end towards the blossom end of the fruit. Along the pericarp radius there was also a gradient in cell size with the largest cells in the middle of the pericarp. During fruit development the zone with the largest cells shifted a little towards the epidermis. Although there were marked differences in cell size within a fruit, all cells continuously expanded and cell division ceased in the whole fruit at approximately the same time. 相似文献
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大平顶枣采后生理特性研究 总被引:11,自引:2,他引:11
研究了不同成熟度大平顶枣采后在20、4.5、1.5、0、-1.5℃条件下呼吸强度、品质、脆枣率等变化情况。枣果分别于9月14日和24日两批采摘。结果表明:大平顶枣属非跃变型果实,全红果呼吸强度显著高于半红和初红果。在4.5~-1.5℃的范围内,以1.5℃为界,温度越低,贮藏后期果实维生素C含量和脆果率越低,果皮叶绿素含量下降越快,贮藏30、39d,1.5℃贮藏效果最好,4.5℃适宜10d左右短期贮藏,大平顶枣不适宜在0℃以下贮藏。反映枣果贮藏效果的主要指标是枣果维生素C含量和脆枣率,贮藏过程中鲜枣维生素C含量与脆果率之间呈极显著正相关,脆果率与货架期呼吸强度间呈极显著正相关。 相似文献
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温州蜜柑粗皮大果形成过程的解剖学研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
【目的】为了明确温州蜜柑粗皮大果形成的原因和关键时期,【方法】试验以‘国庆一号’温州蜜柑为材料,比较果实发育过程中,粗皮大果与薄皮果果蒂处果皮的显微结构差异。【结果】结果表明,花后21 d粗皮大果中果皮细胞开始排列疏松,花后28 d其外果皮出现凹凸不平现象,这些均与薄皮果存在明显差异;花后7~21 d果皮细胞层数快速增长,导致果皮增厚,粗皮大果与薄皮果表现显著差异;果实成熟前,薄皮果果皮逐渐变薄,粗皮大果的果皮却不断增厚,成熟时其果皮厚度达到薄皮果的3.8倍。【结论】花后7~28 d是粗皮大果果皮增厚的关键时期。 相似文献
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