一例羊肠毒血症的诊治

羊肠毒血症主要是绵羊的一种急性传染病,山羊较少发病。一般呈散发性流行。病因是由D型魏氏梭菌在羊肠道中大量繁殖,产生细菌毒素所引起的一系列病理变化。2011年8月在莆田市某羊场发生山羊陆续突然死亡现象,经流行病学调查、剖检及实验室检查,确定为D型魏氏梭菌引起的羊肠毒血症。现将诊治情况报道如下。1发病情况     

中西医结合对羊肠毒血症的诊治

魏氏梭菌根据毒素一抗毒素中和试验分为A、B、C、D、E5型,每型产生1种主要毒素,1种或数种次要毒素.临床上,A型和C型魏氏梭菌感染报道较多,而本地羊肠毒血症由D型魏氏梭菌引起的报道不多见,死亡率高达90%以上.在临床上采用多种西医治疗,效果并不确实,治愈率在50%左右.而使用中西医结合的方法治疗该病,治愈率较高.     

羊肠毒血症的诊治体会

羊肠毒血症主要是由D型魏氏梭菌引起的羊的一种急性毒血症,主要特征为腹泻、惊厥、麻痹和突然死亡,由于肾脏软化如泥,所以又称为软肾病.本病的发生是主要是由于D型魏氏梭菌在羊肠道中大量繁殖,产生毒素所引起的.     

羊几种常见病的防治

<正>1梭菌病羊梭菌病是侵害绵羊的急性传染病,山羊少见,主要包括羊快疫、羊肠毒血症、羊猝狙、羔羊梭菌性痢疾。羊快疫的病原菌为腐败梭菌,此病以皱胃黏膜出血性、炎性损害为特征。羊肠毒血症的病原菌为D型魏氏梭菌,以肾脏软化为特征。羊猝狙的病原菌为C型魏氏梭菌,以腹膜炎和溃疡性肠炎为特征。羔羊痢疾的病原菌为B型魏氏梭菌,以剧烈腹泻和小肠黏膜发生溃疡为特征。羊快疫、羊肠毒血症、羊猝狙主要侵害6个月至2岁半之间的绵羊,发病多见肥     

春季严防羊快疫和羊肠毒血症

羊快疫和羊肠毒血症(又名类疫)在严重危害羊群的两种急性传染病,它们分别是由腐败梭菌、D型魏氏梭菌感染羊只引起的,均以羊只突然发病进而死亡为主要特征.     

奶山羊肠素毒血症的诊治报告

羊肠毒血症又称软肾病,类快疫,是由D型魏氏梭菌在羊肠道内繁殖产生毒素所引起的羊急性传染病. 　　……     

羊肠毒血症的诊断及防治

同心县是宁夏的养羊大县，羊肠毒血症是严重危害羊只的急性传染病，由D型魏氏梭菌感染羊引起的急性毒血症。     

牧区灾后暴发羊肠毒血症的诊疗

羊肠毒血症是发生于绵羊的一种急性传染病，是由D型魏氏梭菌在肠道内大量繁殖，产生毒素引起的。羊肠毒血症的发病与羊只健康状况、饲养管理、气温变化有较大关系。     

羊肠毒血症的诊治

羊肠毒血症又称为软肾病,是由D型魏氏梭菌感染引起的一种肠道性传染性疾病。在临床上,以肠毒血症为主要特征,传染率和死亡率极高。由于魏氏梭菌属于条件致病菌,通常情况下不表现出致病能力,当羊抵抗力下降时,就会为致病菌繁殖提供机会。笔者主要结合实际情况,就羊肠毒血症的诊断和防治进行分析。     

某羊场新引进羊群发羊肠毒血症的诊疗体会

<正>羊肠毒血症又叫软肾病、过食病、类快疫,俗称血肠子病,是由D型魏氏梭菌引起的一种急性传染病。1病原与传染羊肠毒血症的病原体是产气荚膜梭菌(又称魏氏梭菌)中的D型,是粗大的厌气性大杆菌,革兰染色阳性,无鞭毛,不能运动。产气荚膜梭菌在自然界中常存在于土壤、污水、饲料及病羊消化道和粪便中。羊采食被污染的饲料和饮水,经消化道感染。各种年龄的羊均可发生,但发病较多为两岁以下的幼龄羊,     

新疆南疆某规模羊场小尾寒羊妊娠毒血症诊断与分析

采用流行病学调查、临床诊断、病理学观察、实验室检查等方法,对新疆南疆某规模羊场妊娠末期小尾寒羊发生的疑似妊娠毒血症进行诊断及病情分析。结果表明,发病死亡羊只肝脏肿大,切面外翻且油腻,心脏变性、质脆,心内、外膜有出血点,表现出典型的妊娠毒血症临床症状;发病羊只的血清ALT、AST、ALP、ALB含量显著高于健康母羊（P〈0.05）,且明显高于健康绵羊血清的正常参考值范围。综合上述诊断结果,可以判定该羊场小尾寒羊母羊发生的疾病为妊娠毒血症。     

Evaluation of a fibrate,specific stimulant of PPARα, as a therapeutic alternative to the treatment of clinical ovine pregnancy toxaemia

Ovine pregnancy toxaemia is a metabolic disorder affecting sheep in their last 6 weeks of pregnancy as a result of their inability to maintain adequate energy homoeostasis. Different alternative treatments are available with variable results. The aim of this research was to evaluate a peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor alpha (PPARα) stimulant as an alternative to treat clinical pregnancy toxaemia. Thirty‐three adult sheep, with known gestation date and carrying a single foetus, were fasted from day 130 of gestation until animals showed clinical disease. From that moment onwards, sheep were treated during 6 days with three different therapeutic alternatives: 10 mg/kg of 2‐methyl‐2‐phenoxy‐propionic acid; 10 mg/kg of 2‐methyl‐2‐phenoxy‐propionic acid + 100 mL of propylene glycol oral; or 100 mL of propylene glycol oral. Glycaemia and serum β‐hydroxybutyrate (BHOB) were determined daily. Liver biopsies were taken at day 130 of gestation, at the beginning and end of treatments and at 5 days postpartum, evaluating the extent and degree of the steatosis lesion. Even though in sheep treated with 2‐methyl‐2‐phenoxy‐propionic acid, serum concentrations of glucose and BHOB recovered more slowly, we conclude that 2‐methyl‐2‐phenoxy‐propionic acid alone or combined with propylene glycol can be used as an alternative to effectively treat fatty liver, and therefore pregnancy toxaemia.     

Observations on some treatments of ovine pregnancy toxaemia

Extract

An ancient treatment for pregnancy toxaemia was to drive the affected sheep until they either recovered or died. Numerous other treatments are recorded in the literature, but no precise figures for recovery rates are quoted to enable comparisons to be made with more recent methods. Failure to produce a rational treatment results from the unknown aetiology of the disease. Many reports of successful treatments have been based on trials with inadequate numbers of affected sheep and some have not included untreated controls.     

The effect of triamcinolone acetonide on plasma glucose and ketone concentration and on the total entry rate of glucose in twin pregnant hypoglycaemic ketotic sheep.

Hypoglycaemic ketosis clinically resembling pregnancy toxaemia was induced by starvation in Clun Forest sheep pregnant with twins. Total glucose entry was measured by the continuous infusion of trace amounts of (2-3H) glucose before and after the induction of ketosis and 24 h after the intramuscular injection of the ketotic sheep with triamcinolone acetonide (0.5 mg/kg). The concentration of glucose in plasma fell significantly after the induction of ketosis and rose significantly after the injection of steroid. The total entry rate of glucose fell significantly after the induction of ketosis and rose, but no significantly, after steroid injection. It is suggested that the dose of steroid which was used may inhibit glucose utilisation by peripheral tissues. The induction of ketosis significantly reduced the duration of pregnancy but the steroid injection did not produce a significant additional effect.     

Cortisol in pregnancy toxaemia of sheep

Of 31 pregnant ewes with clinical signs of pregnancy toxaemia, 24 had hypoglycaemia and hyperketonaemia at the time that a single blood sample was obtained. Twenty-five of these had a plasma cortisol concentration in excess of 10 ng/ml and six had a value below this. All the seven animals which did not show both hypoglycaemia and hyperketonaemia had a plasma cortisol concentration in excess of 10 ng/ml. Taking all the sheep together, 80% had a high plasma cortisol concentration. This could be the consequence of increased adrenal output or reduced excretion by the liver.     

Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid from field cases of some common ovine neurological diseases.

Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from normal sheep and from cases of some common neurological diseases revealed a significant increase (P less than 0.05) in the group mean CSF protein concentration for meningitis, listeriosis and spinal abscess but not for scrapie, spinal injury, ovine pregnancy toxaemia or polioencephalomalacia. The CSF white blood cell count (WBC) was significantly increased (P less than 0.05) in the meningitis group and in those cases of listeriosis which failed to respond to antibiotic therapy. All cases of bacterial infection of the central nervous system (CNS) could be identified by the combined interpretation of the protein concentration and the differential WBC count. It is concluded that CSF analysis is useful clinically in differentiating traumatic from infective spinal lesions and toxic or metabolic lesions from bacterial meningitis in sheep.     

产气荚膜梭状芽孢杆菌病的流行与致病机制

产气荚膜梭状芽孢杆菌是人和动物肠道的正常菌群，亦是条件性致病菌，该菌感染主要由毒素导致的毒血症致病，因此，有针对地选用类毒素预防接种，才能防止本病流行。     

The role of Mannheimia species in ovine mastitis

Mannheimia haemolytica is known to be an important cause of intramammary infection in sheep. It usually causes severe clinical mastitis, followed by toxaemia and gangrenous necrosis of the udder. However there are limited data available on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of mastitis associated with Mannheimia species. These organisms can be more significant as a cause of mastitis than Staphylococcus aureus in some flocks. Some data suggest the possibility of horizontal transmission of Mannheimia species between ewes via lamb sucking. There is no vaccine available for prevention, and the sudden onset of mastitis and its peracute nature renders most treatments unsuccessful. This review examines the significance of the species within this genus in sheep mastitis.     

饲粮能量和蛋白质水平对滩羊小肠中小肽和氨基酸转运载体mRNA表达量的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮能量和蛋白质水平对滩羊小肠中小肽和氨基酸转运载体mRNA表达量的影响。选取112只健康、体重相近的滩羊,随机分成4组,每组4个重复,每个重复7只羊。标准水平的饲粮能量和蛋白质水平参考《肉羊饲养标准》(NY/T 816—2004),各组试验滩羊分别饲喂不同能量和蛋白质水平饲粮:0.84×标准水平(Ⅰ组)、0.96×标准水平(Ⅱ组)、1.08×标准水平(Ⅲ组)和1.20×标准水平(Ⅳ组)。试验根据羊体重分2个阶段:29~35 kg和36~40 kg。于每个阶段末,每个重复屠宰1只试验羊,取其小肠组织样,运用实时荧光定量PCR技术,研究小肽转运载体1(Pep T1)、y+型氨基酸转运载体1(CAT1)、兴奋性氨基酸转运载体3(EAAT3)mRNA表达量的变化。结果表明:1)在29~35 kg阶段末,小肠中Pep T1 mRNA的表达量随着饲粮能量和蛋白质水平的提高呈先下降再上升的趋势,Ⅱ组显著低于其他3组(P0.05);Ⅳ组小肠中CAT1 mRNA的表达量显著高于其他3组(P0.05);Ⅲ组小肠中EAAT3mRNA的表达量显著高于其他3组(P0.05)。2)在36~40 kg阶段末,Ⅱ组小肠中Pep T1mRNA的表达量显著高于其他3组(P0.05);Ⅱ组小肠中CAT1 mRNA的表达量显著高于Ⅲ组(P0.05);小肠中EAAT3 mRNA的表达量随着饲粮能量和蛋白质水平的提高呈上升趋势,Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组小肠中EAAT3 mRNA的表达量显著高于Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮能量和蛋白质水平会影响滩羊小肠中Pep T1、CAT1、EAAT3 mRNA的表达量,使机体对小肽和氨基酸的吸收利用率随之改变,以适应滩羊的生长发育。     

Genotyping of Clostridium perfringens isolated from domestic and exotic ruminants and swine

Clostridium perfringens types A, B, C, D and E are known to cause severe enteritis/enterotoxaemia and diseases (especially caused by type A) belonging to the gas oedema complex in many species. Samples from the small intestine as well as faeces of domestic and exotic animals suffering from enterotoxaemic signs or having died within days after first occurance of toxaemia were submitted for typing C. perfringens toxovars by multiplex PCR. The following species have been investigated: domestic sheep (Ovis ammon; n = 10), domestic goat (Capra aegagrus hircus; n = 26), Japanese serow (Capricornis sumatraensis; n = 4), lechwe waterbuck (Hydrotragus leche; n = 1), blackbuck (Antilope cervicapra; n = 1), European reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus; n = 4), domestic swine (Sus scrofa; n = 52), and collared peccary (Tayassu albirostris; n = 1). Interestingly, the predominant C. perfringens toxovar in domestic sheep was type A. This toxovar could also be diagnosed in all reindeer, in three Japanese serows, one lechwe waterbuck and most pigs (n = 47), the majority of those being at suckling age. Type D was the most prevalent toxovar (n = 18) in domestic goats, but also types A and E could be identified as pathogens in this species. Type C could only be found in domestic swine (n = 5) and in one case of clostridiosis in a Japanese serow. Two cases of enterotoxaemia in goats, one case in reindeer, and a single case in blackbuck and collared peccary were caused by C. perfringens type E. Genotyping of C. perfringens is recommended before starting vaccination programmes as it could be shown, that the importance of specific toxovars has been underestimated in specific species and/or age groups.