杂草焚,克莠灵防除大豆田阔叶杂草的效果

为了进一步明确杂草焚、克莠灵等对大豆田阔叶杂草的防除效果,提高对大豆的安全性,我们在省植保站的统一指导下进行了大豆田阔叶杂草的防除试验,现小结如下: 一、材料与方法供试药剂有:21.4％杂草焚水剂,45.8％克莠灵水剂,48％排草丹水剂(以上由德国巴斯夫公司提供),25％虎威水剂(英国卜内门化学有限公司产),75％阔叶散粉剂(美国杜邦公司产)。     

几种除草剂防除大豆田杂草试验

为了探明克莠灵、帅虎等除草剂防除大豆田杂草的效果及安全性,从中筛选出最好的种类在大田推广,2001年在大豆上进行了化学除草试验,结果如下。1材料与方法1·1供试药剂12·8%帅虎微乳剂(大连农药厂);10%克草特EG(江苏江都农药厂);44%克莠灵水剂(德国巴斯夫公司);24%克阔乐EG(德国艾福公司)。1·2处理方法本试验在农科所大豆田进行,共分以下处理:①克草特30 m l;②帅虎30 m l;③帅虎40 m l;④帅虎50 m l;⑤克莠灵60 m l;⑥克莠灵80 m l;⑦克莠灵100 m l;⑧克阔乐30 m l;⑨喷清水对照。小区面积6·67m2,每处理重复3次,随机排列。于阔叶杂草3…     

克莠灵防除大豆田杂草的效果

克莠灵(Galaxy)是德国巴斯夫公司近年新推出的防除豆田阔叶杂草的除草剂,为排草丹与杂草焚混合制剂。通过我所1989～1991年小区试验及扩大示范结果表明,该混合制剂除草效果好,药害轻,杀草谱较广,是目前防除豆田阔叶杂草的较好除草剂品种之一。一、材料与方法克莠灵为每千克含380克排草丹及78克杂草焚的水溶剂,由西德马斯夫公司提供。小区试验在佳木斯市合江农科所进行。土壤为沙底草甸土,有机质含量为2.425％。     

普草克悬浮剂防除麦田早熟禾等试验初报

55 %普草克悬浮剂是法国罗纳普朗克公司用防除禾本科杂草的异丙隆与防除阔叶草的ＤＦＦ复配而成的除草剂。为探索其对麦田早熟禾等杂草的防除效果及对麦子的安全性及增产作用 ,作者于 1998～ 1999年度在城南乡进行了试验研究。1　材料与方法1.1　供试药剂5 5 %普草克ＣＳ(法国罗纳普朗克公司产 ) ,5 0 %异丙隆ＷＰ(吴县农药厂产 ) ,75 %巨星干悬浮剂 (美国杜邦公司产 ) ,48%百草敌水剂 (瑞士诺华公司产 ) ,5 0 %异甲隆ＷＰ(溧阳化工厂产 )。1.2　试验设计试验设 7个处理 :每公顷用 5 5 %普草克ＣＳ1875ｍｌ、2 2 5 0ｍｌ、2 6 2 5ｍｌ,每公…     

大豆田使用除草剂应注意的几个问题

近年来大豆田除草剂品种迅速增多，涉及的化合物类型增加，作用原理各式各样。在生产中常出现除草效果差、作物发生药害等问题。为此就除草剂使用应注意的问题总结如下：１）针对作物田间杂草种类选用适宜的除草剂品种。任何除草剂品种都有其一定的杀草谱。有防阔叶的，有防窄叶的（禾本科、莎草科），也有部分窄叶、阔叶草兼防的。但一种除草剂不可能有效地防治田间所有杂草，所以除草剂选用不当防治效果就不会很好。如２４％乳氟禾草灵EC（克阔乐，下称）、４４％氟羧草灭松水剂（克莠灵，下称）等防治大豆田多年生阔叶杂草苣荬菜、刺儿…     

40?426干悬浮剂防除移栽稻田杂草试验初报

Ｆ8 42 6 (通用名Ｃａｒｆｅｎｔｒａｚｏｎｅ -ｅｔｈｙｌ)是美国ＦＭＣ公司于 1 992年研制开发的用于防除禾谷类作物田杂草的芳基三唑类高效茎叶处理剂 ,是一种原卟啉氧化酶抑制剂。为探索其对移栽稻田扁秆草及阔叶杂草的防除效果、经济有效的用药量、安全性和推广应用前景 ,1 998～ 1 999年我们进行了Ｆ842 6单用及其与威农、2甲 4氯混用试验 ,现将试验结果总结如下。1　材料与方法1 .1　供试药剂40 %Ｆ842 6干悬浮剂为美国ＦＭＣ公司产品 ,30 %威农可湿性粉剂为美国杜邦公司产品 ,46 %莎阔丹水剂为德国巴斯夫公司产品 ,5 6 % 2甲 4氯…     

巨星防除麦田阔叶杂草的效果

巨星(又名阔叶净)是美国杜邦公司生产的磺酰脲类除草剂,主要应用于麦田茎叶处理防除阔叶类杂草,具有除草活性高、用量少、杀草谱广、使用方便等优点。1989、1990两年,我们对巨星防除麦田阔叶杂草的效果及其安全使用技术进行了试验研究。一、材料和方法 1.供试药剂:75％巨星干燥悬浮剂(美国杜邦公司产品),20％使它隆乳油(美国陶氏公司产品),25％苯达松水剂(建湖农药厂产品),48％百草敌水剂(瑞士山德士公司产     

18种茎叶处理除草剂紫花苜蓿田应用效果测定

紫花苜蓿是我国主要的牧草之一,为明确适合于紫花苜蓿田应用的除草剂,于2016年进行18种除草剂防除紫花苜蓿田杂草的效果及对紫花苜蓿安全性的试验测定。结果表明,紫花苜蓿对除草剂敏感度较高,供试的18种除草剂中仅有9种对紫花苜蓿安全,其中甲咪唑烟酸可以用于紫花苜蓿田防除禾本科或者阔叶杂草,对紫花苜蓿安全性好且杂草防除效果好;高效氟吡甲禾灵乳油、精喹禾灵和烯草酮这3种药剂可以用在以禾本科杂草为主的紫花苜蓿田;灭草松、唑嘧磺草胺、嗪草酸甲酯和扑草净等4种药剂对紫花苜蓿安全,对阔叶杂草防除效果好,但对禾本科杂草防除效果差或无效,可以应用在以阔叶杂草为主的紫花苜蓿田;另外的乙氧氟草醚等10种药剂不可应用在紫花苜蓿田。     

克阔乐与威霸混用防除大豆田杂草试验

２４％克阔乐ＥＣ与６．９％威霸ＥＷ混用防除大豆田苗后杂草,药后３０ｄ株防还大９６．４２％。二药混用,可同时有效防除禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草弥补了各自杀草谱方面的缺陷。     

阔世玛、世玛防除冬小麦田杂草效果及安全性

为了验证阔世玛、世玛防除冬小麦田杂草的效果以及对当地主栽小麦品种的安全性,为大面积推广提供依据,我们于2004年秋进行了本试验,现将试验结果报道如下。1材料与方法1.1供试药剂供试药剂有:3.6%阔世玛水分散粒剂(德国拜耳公司产)、3%世玛乳油悬浮剂(德国拜耳公司产)、B ioPwe     

双条杉天牛幼虫人工饲料的筛选

双条杉天牛Semanotus bifasciatus(Motschulsky)是柏科树木最严重的钻蛀性害虫之一。开发双条杉天牛的人工饲料是开展该害虫防治技术研究及生物学相关基础研究的重要条件。本研究在参考了其他天牛人工饲料配方的基础上,采用正交试验设计方法设计饲料配方,通过对不同配方饲料对双条杉天牛幼虫的饲养效果进行比较和极差分析,最终筛选出双条杉天牛幼虫的人工饲料最优组合为:琼脂4.7%、蔗糖3.5%、对-羟基苯甲酸甲酯0.5%、酵母粉3.1%、柏树木粉30%、抗坏血酸0.5%以及水。使用该人工饲料可将双条杉天牛幼虫成功喂养至羽化,并且蛹羽化率高达81.25%,总成活率为54.16%。本研究的结果可为天牛科其他天牛人工饲料的开发提供借鉴。     

Botanical insecticides: for richer, for poorer

Botanical insecticides presently play only a minor role in insect pest management and crop protection; increasingly stringent regulatory requirements in many jurisdictions have prevented all but a handful of botanical products from reaching the marketplace in North America and Europe in the past 20 years. Nonetheless, the regulatory environment and public health needs are creating opportunities for the use of botanicals in industrialized countries in situations where human and animal health are foremost--for pest control in and around homes and gardens, in commercial kitchens and food storage facilities and on companion animals. Botanicals may also find favour in organic food production, both in the field and in controlled environments. In this review it is argued that the greatest benefits from botanicals might be achieved in developing countries, where human pesticide poisonings are most prevalent. Recent studies in Africa suggest that extracts of locally available plants can be effective as crop protectants, either used alone or in mixtures with conventional insecticides at reduced rates. These studies suggest that indigenous knowledge and traditional practice can make valuable contributions to domestic food production in countries where strict enforcement of pesticide regulations is impractical.     

杀菌剂生物测定动态评价时间-剂量-抑菌率模型

根据互补重对数数学模型的原理,建立了动态评价杀菌剂抑菌效应的时间-剂量-抑菌率模型,给出了模型参数估计和统计检验方法,并重点讨论了剂量的时间效应和不同时间段的剂量效应。最后提供了该模型的计算机算法实现和应用例子。     

Search for Climatic Models for Forecasting Microtine Outbreaks1

Models for forecasting outbreaks of harmful Microtines are discussed in terms of the three most important types of rodent damage to agriculture and forestry in the European part of EPPO region: problems to field crops by Microtus arvalis and related species, to horticulture and forestry by M. agrestis and some other species, and injury to the underground parts of various crops by Arvicola terrestris. Two models were developed in parallel but independently for M. arvalis, one in the USSR, the other in France; the former approach included M. socialis. A joint Scandinavian project resulted in models for M, agrestis and Clethrionomys glareolus: the outcome is exemplified by the former case and a few comments are given on other types of model development. The probable mechanism of climatic influence through the food chain on the population dynamics of Microtine rodents is discussed and it is concluded that climatic models are a useful tool in planning rodent control strategies. The role of the EPPO Working Party on Field Rodents as a coordinating body in the development of rodent forecasts is also reviewed.     

The search for new insecticides for tsetse fly control

Tests to evaluate candidate insecticides and formulations for tsetse control are described, and some data are presented to indicate that some new synthetic pyrethroids (e.g. permethrin and NRDC 161) are effective for a long period at such extremely low doses that they could have a pronounced influence on future tsetse control operations.     

Inverse modelling for estimating sorption and degradation parameters for pesticides

The leaching model PESTRAS was used to estimate sorption and degradation values for bentazone from three lysimeter datasets using the inverse modelling package PEST. Investigations were undertaken to assess the influence on calibration results of (1) values attributed to uncertain parameters not included in the calibration, and (2) starting values supplied to the inverse modelling package. Automatic calibrations with different realistic values for the Freundlich exponent n(f) yielded different combinations of K(om) and DT50. Similarly, the supply of different starting values for K(om) and DT50 revealed that different combinations of these two parameters equally calibrated PESTRAS for two of the three lysimeters. Examination of the error surface, ie the forward running of the model for different combinations of K(om) and DT50 values, and the calculation of the goodness-of-fit to the experimental data, was found useful for identifying those instances where non-uniqueness in the calibration is likely to occur. Although the derivation of sorption and degradation values through inverse modelling is expected to offer significant benefits over laboratory determinations, care should be exercised when examining values derived through this approach. Research is needed to identify data requirements for robust estimation of sorption and degradation parameters through calibration of pesticide fate models against leaching data.