维生素E缺乏对雏鸡红细胞膜ATPase活性及唾液酸含量变化的影响

用低维生素E和添加不饱和脂肪酸的日粮饲喂雏鸡,建立维生素E缺乏实验动物模型。检测雏鸡红细胞膜ATPase活性和唾液酸(SA)含量。结果表明:维生素E缺乏组雏鸡红细胞膜ATPase活性和SA含量低于对照组,组间差异显著或极显著。提示维生素E对维持雏鸡红细胞膜结构和功能起重要作用。     

维生素E缺乏对雏鸡红细胞膜磷脂及流动性的影响

用低维生素E和添加不饱和脂肪酸的日粮饲喂雏鸡,建立VE缺乏实验动物模型,采用荧光偏振法检测红细胞膜流动性,高效薄层层析法检测红细胞膜组分。结果表明,VE缺乏组雏鸡红细胞膜磷脂酰胆碱(PC)、磷脂酰乙醇胺(PE)含量降低,神经鞘磷脂(SM)、磷脂酰丝氨酸(PS)含量升高,膜流动性下降,组间差异显著或极显著(P<0.05,P<0.01)。提示VE对维持雏鸡红细胞膜结构和功能起重要作用。     

维生素E缺乏对雏鸡淋巴细胞膜蛋白的影响

用低维生素E(VE)和添加不饱和脂肪酸的日粮饲喂雏鸡,建立VE缺乏雏鸡模型.分离全血淋巴细胞,制备淋巴细胞膜蛋白,用SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳法检测淋巴细胞膜蛋白组分变化.结果表明,VE缺乏组雏鸡淋巴细胞膜蛋白带Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ含量高于对照组,带Ⅳ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ含量低于对照组,组间差异显著或极显著,带Ⅴ无显著变化.提示VE对维持雏鸡淋巴细胞膜结构起重要作用.     

饲粮维生素E缺乏对雏鸡生长性能及脾脏淋巴细胞凋亡的影响

试验旨在研究饲粮中维生素E缺乏对雏鸡生长性能、脾脏组织和脾脏淋巴细胞形态结构、脾脏淋巴细胞凋亡相关蛋白和基因表达水平的影响。选取1日龄雄性雏鸡160羽,随机分为2组,饲粮维生素E缺乏试验组的预混料中不添加维生素E,对照组额外添加维生素E(30 mg/kg),每组各80羽,每组10个重复,每个重复8羽,试验期40 d。结果表明：试验组雏鸡平均日增重低于对照组（P<0.05）,耗料增重比高于对照组（P<0.05）;试验组雏鸡脾脏组织和脾脏淋巴细胞中维生素E含量低于对照组（P<0.05）;试验组雏鸡脾脏组织和脾脏淋巴细胞结构出现损伤;试验组雏鸡脾脏淋巴细胞中Caspase-3活性高于对照组（P<0.05）;试验组雏鸡脾脏淋巴细胞中Bcl-2的mRNA表达量低于对照组（P<0.05）,p53和Caspase-3的mRNA相对表达量高于对照组（P<0.05）。由此可见,饲粮中维生素E缺乏将导致雏鸡生长性能显著降低;维生素E缺乏通过提高脾脏淋巴细胞中Caspase-3活性,影响Bcl-2、p53和Caspase-3基因表达诱导脾脏淋巴细胞凋亡。     

维生素E缺乏对雏鸡淋巴细胞膜抗氧化及膜流动性的影响

用低维生素E（VE）和添加不饱和脂肪酸的日粮饲喂雏鸡，建立VE缺乏雏鸡模型。分离全血淋巴细胞并制备细胞膜，检测淋巴细胞膜超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力及丙二醛(MDA)含量；采用荧光偏振法检测淋巴细胞膜流动性。结果表明，VE缺乏雏鸡淋巴细胞膜SOD和GSH-Px活力及膜流动性低于对照组，MDA含量高于对照组，组间差异显著或极显著 (P<0.05、P<0.01)。说明VE对维持雏鸡淋巴细胞膜功能起重要作用。     

维生素E缺乏致雏鸡脾脏淋巴细胞凋亡

用低维生素E(VE)和添加不饱和脂肪酸的日粮饲喂雏鸡建立VE缺乏雏鸡模型.采用吖啶橙和溴化乙锭双荧光染色法及透射电镜,观察雏鸡脾脏淋巴细胞凋亡的形态学变化和超微结构变化;用DNA片段化定量分析及琼脂糖凝胶电泳法检测雏鸡脾脏凋亡淋巴细胞DNA的损伤.结果,VE缺乏雏鸡脾脏淋巴细胞的形态和超微结构均发生了凋亡变化,出现典型的DNA梯形带.DNA片段化的程度明显也高于对照组,组间差异极显著(P<0.01).表明VE缺乏可致雏鸡脾脏淋巴细胞凋亡.     

维生素E改善羊肉品质的机理初探

在波尔山羊日粮中分别添加0(对照组)、80(低水平组)、320(中水平组)、880(高水平组)mg/(d·头)维生素E,分析肉品质变化,并探讨其机理。结果表明:试验组肌肉滴水损失均低于对照组,随维生素E添加水平的提高肌肉熟肉率有升高的趋势,中水平组可以显著降低肌肉中饱和脂肪酸含量;油酸、亚麻酸以及CLAc9,t11、CLAc10,t12含量都随维生素E添加水平的升高有提高趋势,与膻味有关的短链脂肪酸和硬脂酸的含量有降低趋势。其机理可能是维生素E使血液红细胞膜脂流动性提高,血清和肌肉中T-SOD、GSH-Px活性提高以及MDA含量降低,保护膜的完整性,降低营养成分和水分的流失。结果说明日粮添加维生素E可以改善羊肉品质,并以添加320mg/(d·头)综合效果最好。     

不同来源纤维饲料对雏鸡组织硒含量及血清维生素 A、E 含量的影响

试验采用不同来源的纤维饲料:纤维素、小麦麸、米糠、高粱及苜蓿粉,分别以5%的水平添加到饲粮中,研究各种纤维对雏鸡体增重、采食量、组织硒含量及血清维生素 A、E 含量的影响。结果表明,添加苜蓿粉组鸡体增重、采食量、肌肉硒含量及血清中维生素 E 含量,都显著高于对照组(无纤维)及其它处理组(P<0.05)。添加小麦麸组、鸡肝脏硒含量显著高于苜蓿粉组(P<0.05),而肌肉硒含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。各种来源的纤维饲料对雏鸡羽毛硒及全血硒含量无显著影响。除添加苜蓿粉组外,各种来源纤维饲料对鸡血清中维生素 A、E 含量的影响不明显。     

维生素E缺乏对雏鸡红细胞血红蛋白含量及G-6-PD活性的影响

维生素E是机体内具有广泛生理功能的重要脂溶性维生素和营养性抗氧化剂,广泛存在于体内储脂器官和生物膜上,具有免疫调节、阻止自由基对组织攻击和维持膜结构的稳定等重要作用[1-2].有关维生素E缺乏对雏鸡红细胞影响方面的研究未见有文献报道.本试验用人工建立的维生素E缺乏症雏鸡模型,通过对雏鸡红细胞G-6-PD活性和血红蛋白(Hb)含量的检测,旨在探讨维生素E缺乏对雏鸡红细胞的影响,为揭示维生素E缺乏对雏鸡红细胞的损伤机制提供依据.     

维生素E缺乏对雏鸡红细胞血红蛋白含量及G-6-PD活性影响的试验研究

维生素E是机体内具有广泛生理功能的重要脂溶性维生素和营养性抗氧化剂，广泛存在于体内储脂器官和生物膜上，具有免疫调节、阻止自由基对组织攻击和维持膜结构的稳定等重要作用。有关维生素E缺乏对雏鸡红细胞影响方面的研究未见有文献报道。本试验用人工建立的维生素E缺乏症雏鸡模型，通过对雏鸡红细胞G-6-PD活性和血红蛋白（Hb）含量的检测，旨在探讨维生素E缺乏对雏鸡红细胞的影响，为揭示维生素E缺乏对雏鸡红细胞的损伤机制提供依据。     

注射VE对鸡肉系水力影响的研究

试验选用母鸡腿肉为原料,首先采用单因素试验,将宰后1d的原料肉分为2组T1,和T2,每组分为3个重复.对照组T1注射肉重15%的VE浓度为0mg/g的无水乙醇溶液,试验组T2注射肉重15%的浓度为30mg/g的VE溶液,然后同时将试验组和对照组在4℃的环境下腌制24h,通过其煮熟率的测定,分析注射VE对鸡肉系水力有无影...     

有机硒与维生素E对肉仔鸡肉质性状、血液生化指标及抗氧化指标的影响

试验在肉鸡日粮中添加维生素E（VE）、有机硒,旨在探讨有机硒与VE对肉仔鸡肉质性状、血液生化指标及抗氧化性能的影响。将280只1日龄AA肉仔鸡随机分为7组,每组40只,1组不添加有机硒和VE,2组添加100 IU/kg VE,3组添加0.15 mg/kg有机硒和100 IU/kg VE,4组添加0.30 mg/kg有机硒和100 IU/kg VE,5组添加200 IU/kg VE,6组添加0.15 mg/kg有机硒和200 IU/kg VE,7组添加0.30 mg/kg有机硒和200 IU/kg VE。结果显示,添加有机硒与VE对肉仔鸡的全净膛率、屠宰率、胸肌率影响显著（P< 0.05）,对半净膛率、腿肌率无显著影响（P> 0.05）;添加0.15 mg/kg有机硒、100 IU/kg VE可以降低肉仔鸡的滴水损失、蒸煮损失、L^*值及pH,其中蒸煮损失、L^*值与对照组间差异极显著或显著（P< 0.01;P< 0.05）,但对剪切力、a^*、b^*值却无显著影响（P> 0.05）;能够显著或极显著降低血液胆固醇（CHO）及丙二醛（MDA）含量（P< 0.05;P< 0.01）,提高血糖（GLU）、总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）与谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）含量,其中GLU与对照组间差异显著（P< 0.05）,GSH-Px与对照组间差异极显著（P< 0.01）,但对过氧化氢酶（CAT）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）含量无显著差异（P> 0.05）。     

Effect of Organic Selenium and Vitamin E on Meat Quality Trait,Blood Biochemical Indexes and Antioxidant Indexes of Broiler

The experiment was aimed to study the effect of organic selenium and vitamin E (VE) on meat quality trait,blood biochemical indexes and antioxidant indexes of broiler chicken. 280 1-day-old AA broiler chicken were chosen and assigned to 7 groups with 40 broiler chicken per group. Group 1 was control group that did not adding organic selenium and VE,groups 2-7 were added with 100 IU/kg VE,0.15 mg/kg organic selenium and 100 IU/kg VE,0.30 mg/kg organic selenium and 100 IU/kg VE,200 IU/kg VE,0.15 mg/kg organic selenium and 200 IU/kg VE,0.30 mg/kg organic selenium and 200 IU/kg VE,respectively. The results showed that the organic selenium and VE had significant effects on eviscerated rate,slaughter rate and chest muscle rate (P< 0.05),while no significant effect was found on semi-eviscerated rate and leg muscle rate(P> 0.05). Adding 0.15 mg/kg organic selenium and 100 IU/kg VE could reduce drip loss,cooking loss,L^* and pH,and there were extremely significant difference or significant difference of cooking loss and L^* compared with control group (P< 0.01;P< 0.05),while this made little effect on a^*,b^* and shear force (P> 0.05). It could significantly or extremely significantly reduce the CHO and MAD contents (P< 0.05;P< 0.01),increase the content of GLU,T-AOC and GSH-Px,and there were extremely significant or significant differences of GLU and GSH-Px compared with control group (P< 0.01;P< 0.05).But there was no significant difference of HDL-C,LDL-C,CAT and SOD contents among all groups (P> 0.05).     

青藏高原地方鸡种——海东鸡与商品鸡蛋品质分析比较

作者对青藏高原地方鸡种—海东鸡与商品新罗曼鸡的蛋品质及蛋中营养成分进行测定并分析比较。结果表明,海东鸡的蛋重、蛋壳重、蛋白重及蛋白重/蛋重极显著低于新罗曼鸡(P0.01);而蛋形指数和蛋黄重/蛋重极显著高于新罗曼鸡(P0.01);蛋壳厚度和蛋壳重/蛋重海东鸡显著高于新罗曼鸡,且海东鸡的哈氏单位显著高于新罗曼鸡(P0.05);蛋黄和蛋壳强度重二者无显著差异。海东鸡蛋全蛋粗蛋白质含量比新罗曼鸡蛋低21.3%,达到极显著水平(P0.01);粗脂肪含量比新罗曼鸡高18.1%,达到显著水平(P0.05)。     

Study on Subacute Toxicity Test of the Extact of Dangguibuxue Tang

To evaluate the safety of the Dangguibuxue Tang (DBT) for animals, SD rats were administrated DBT by gavage once daily at 0, 15, 30 and 60 g/(kg·BW) for 28 consecutive days as control, low, medium and high dosage groups, and followed by a 14-day recovery period. The results showed that compared with control group, the weight gain and food intake of male rats in the high dosage group were extremely significantly decreased (P < 0.01). WBC and Lym of male rats in the high dosage group were significantly increased (P < 0.05), whereas ALT, TC and GLU were extremely significantly decreased (P < 0.01),PLT was significantly decreased (P<0.05). RBC, HGB and ALT of female rats in high dosage group were extremely significantly decreased (P < 0.01). ALT and ALP of rats in medium dosage group were significantly or extremely significantly decreased (P < 0.05;P < 0.01). While in medium dosage group RET of male rats was significantly increased (P < 0.05) and HGB of the female rats were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) 14 days after withdrawal. However, these indexes had no significant difference to control group at the end of recovery period. In addition, no changes were observed in the main organs of rats at macroscopic and microscopic level. The result showed that subacute administration of DBT was not toxic in SD rats, suggesting a safety use for animals.     

Effect of Se and VE Supplement on Semen Quality,Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Heat Shock Protein Expression of Goat in High Temperature Season

This experiment was conducted to study the effect of selenium and vitamin E supplement on semen quality, antioxidant enzyme activities and heat shock protein expression of goat in Hainan high temperature season.16 adult Hainan Black goat with good health and approximate weight were randomly divided into 4 groups, fed with basal diet(control group), basal diet+0.5 mg/kg Se(Se group), basal diet+100 mg/kg VE(VE group), and basal diet+0.5 mg/kg Se+100 mg/kg VE(Se+VE group), respectively.The experimental period was 93 d.Semen samples were collected in the last week of the experiment on two consecutive days.The semen quality, antioxidant enzyme activities and heat shock protein expression were analyzed.The results showed that compared with control group, the ejaculate volume was not significantly affected by Se or VE supplement(P>0.05).Sperm density and sperm motility were increased significantly by Se and VE supplement(P<0.05), and the abnormal rate was decreased extremely significantly(P<0.01).The goats fed with Se and VE also had higher activities of GSH-Px(P<0.01), SOD(P<0.05), CAT(P<0.05) and T-AOC(P<0.01), and lower MDA concentration in seminal plasma(P<0.05).The relative expression levels of HSP70 and HSP90 mRNA in supplement groups were decreased extremely significantly(P<0.01).However, there were some certain differences between the Se and VE supplement groups on semen quality and heat shock protein expression.In conclusion, the supplementation of Se and VE could help to improve goat semen quality by increasing the sperm density, sperm motility, the antioxidant enzyme activities, and decreasing the abnormal rate in hot season of Hainan.Finally, Se and VE supplement had good effects on relieving the environment heat stress.     

补饲硒和维生素E对高温季节山羊精液品质、抗氧化酶活性及热休克蛋白表达的影响

试验旨在研究在海南夏季高温饲养条件下,山羊补饲硒和维生素E对其精液品质、抗氧化酶活性及热休克蛋白表达的影响。选用16只健康状况良好、体重相近的海南黑山羊成年公羊,随机分成4组,分别饲喂基础日粮(对照组)、基础日粮+0.5mg/kg Se(Se组)、基础日粮+100mg/kg VE(VE组)和基础日粮+0.5mg/kg Se+100mg/kg VE(Se+VE组),试验期93 d。试验期结束前1周采集精液,评价精液品质、测定精浆抗氧化酶活性和精液热休克蛋白表达。结果表明,与对照组相比,补饲Se和VE对海南黑山羊射精量影响差异不显著(P>0.05);补饲Se和VE能显著提高海南黑山羊的精子密度和精子活力(P<0.05),极显著降低精子畸形率(P<0.01);极显著增加精浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性和总抗氧化能力(P<0.01),显著增加超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性(P<0.05),显著降低丙二醛浓度(P<0.05);补饲Se和VE还极显著降低了精液HSP70和HSP90mRNA的表达水平(P<0.01),但各补饲组之间对精液品质改善效果和热休克蛋白表达丰度的影响存在一定差异。综上所述,补饲Se和VE有助于提高热带地区夏季高温季节山羊精子密度、精子活力,降低畸形率,同时还能增强精浆中抗氧化酶的活性,改善精液品质,进而起到缓解环境热应激的效果。