福州市提高粮食综合生产能力的探讨

根据福州市粮食自给率低及当前农业生产的现状和问题,提出了稳定耕地、粮播面积;提高农田粮食综合生产能力;提高种粮科技含量及规模经营粮食生产等对策,以确保福州市粮食生产的稳定发展。     

浙江金华婺城粮食生产规模经营现状、作用与发展对策

本文分析了浙江省金华市婺城区规模经营在粮食生产中的地位和作用,并明确了规模经营的基本构成,对规模经营的制约因素也进行分析,进而提出了相应的对策和建议.     

加强建湖粮食生产基地建设

建湖县位于里下河地区腹部,下辖15个农业镇,80万人口,其中农业人口56万,占70%,是一个以稻麦两熟为主的粮食生产大县,是里下河地区历史上有名"鱼米之乡".耕地面积6万hm2,常年种植水稻4.67万hm2,三麦种植面积4.5万hm2,粮食生产水平位居全省前列.近几年来,全县按照发展现代农业要求,以粮食增产量、农业增效益、农民增实惠、农技人员增才干为目标,利用有限耕地资源,强化科技支撑,突出技术集成普及与专业化服务,加强粮食生产基地的建设,推进粮食生产规模经营,科学发展粮食生产,推进粮食生产规模化种植、标准化生产、产业化经营和社会化服务,提升粮食综合生产能力、安全保障能力和市场竞争能力.     

浙江绍兴粮食生产经营现状及经营主体培育发展的几点思考

浙江省绍兴县作为经济相对发达地区,农村劳动力主要集中在二、三产业,如何在发展农村经济的同时,稳定发展粮食生产,确保粮食安全是亟待解决的问题。绍兴县在稳定种粮大户的同时,积极培育和发展新型粮食生产规模经营主体,并根据绍兴县实际,提出了“构筑三种粮食生产主体、做好五项政策引导和服务”的具体思路。     

浙江省水稻生产现状及绿色生产发展措施建议

水稻是浙江省的主要粮食作物,也是最主要的口粮,在粮食生产中具有举足轻重的地位。近年来,浙江省水稻生产基本保持稳定,但水稻生产中依然存在比较效益偏低、规模经营比例偏小等问题。面对新形势,浙江省水稻生产需要走绿色发展的道路。本文通过分析浙江省水稻生产现状及当前的工作措施,探讨了下一步水稻绿色生产发展的措施。     

水稻规模化经营主体产加销一体化发展现状分析及对策建议——以浙江省建德市为例

近年来,随着粮食生产成本的增加,粮食规模生产主体开始延长产业链,发展产加销一体化经营,以增加种粮效益,进一步稳定粮食生产。建德市位于浙江省西部,粮食生产面积较小,但通过采取多项措施,全面推广应用新品种、新技术、新模式,培育"粮二代",带动了全市粮食产加销一体化发展,进一步提升稻米品质、增加种粮效益、稳定粮食播种面积,粮食生产取得显著成效,曾获"全国粮食生产先进县""浙江省粮食生产先进县(市)"称号。本文分析了建德市粮食生产以及水稻规模化生产的现状,提出水稻规模化经营主体产加销一体化发展的对策建议。     

关于湘潭市粮食生产发展的若干思考

"民以食为天",粮食问题是最大的民生问题,粮食生产是湘潭农业的优势,探讨了湘潭发展粮食生产的有利条件和影响粮食生产稳定发展的因素,提出了推动湘潭市粮食生产发展的思考与建议。     

福建春季农业生产已展开 农业生产态势良好

正2月25日,福建省农业厅召开全省春季农业生产视频会,分析福建省当前农业生产形势,部署春季农业各项工作。目前,春耕备耕准备工作到位,全省春季农业生产已陆续展开,春耕春收有序进行。至2月24日,全省溶田73.6万亩,同比快0.8万亩;早稻播种36.7万公斤,同比快4.4万公斤。春种马铃薯17万亩,同比快1万亩;春种蔬菜29万亩,同比快2万亩。据了解,2014年福建省级财政新增安排1亿元专项资金,在全省30个粮食主产县开展粮食产能区建设,实施粮食产能区增产模式攻关与推广。各级政府也相继出台了扶持粮食生产、促进规模经营、提高种粮效益的政策措施,在中央和省里一系列强农惠农政策的有力推动下,农民种粮积极性得到恢复提高。根     

农业部对我国2015年粮食播种面积和产量新计划

<正>中国农业部表示,2015年将稳定发展粮食生产,将保持粮食播种面积和产量基本稳定。力争粮食产量在5.5亿吨以上,农民收入增幅则保持在7%以上。农业部对我国2015年粮食播种面积和产量新计划农业部网站周三刊登相关意见称,2015年还将推进农村改革,引导土地经营权有序流转,发展适度规模经营,并扩大土地承包经营权确权登记颁证试点,争取试点覆盖面积达5亿亩左右。     

13个粮食主产省试点农业大灾保险

<正>日前,财政部发布《关于在粮食主产省开展农业大灾保险试点的通知》(以下简称《通知》)。《通知》称,按照国务院部署,将在13个粮食主产省份选择200个产粮大县,面向适度规模经营农户开展农业大灾保险试点。考虑到农业大灾与一般灾害的灾因基本相同,但损失程度不同,适度规模经营农户对农业大灾保险产品的需求主要集中在提高赔付金额方面,试点工作主要围绕提高农业保险保额和赔付标准,开发面向适度规模经营农户的专属农业保险产品。全国200个县将有专属农业大灾保险,此次试点要求,在河北、山东、河南等13个粮食主产省的200个县,     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。     

大豆根潜蝇及根腐病的发生与防治

近年来，随着大豆播种面积的增长，受病虫危害日趋严重。特别是大豆根潜蝇（又名根明）与根腐病共同发生危害，严重影响大豆的生产。综合防治技术主要手段是三年以上轮作，适时播种及种衣剂拌种等措施。     

Tuber and starch quality of wild and cultivated potato species and cultivars

Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules.     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键,是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实"育繁推一体化"种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中,受制于行业发展水平,种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程,提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要,在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上,分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求,加强种业应用性研究,建立先进的种子质量检验体系,研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备,打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系,完善种业科学技术学科建设,促进种业产业持续健康发展。