A STUDY ON THE EVALUATION OF THE AROMATIC1TY AND CONDENSATIONAL EDGREE OF COAL MACROMOLECULAR STRUCTURE

The aromaticity and condensational degree of coal macromloecular structure are studied through the correction for the presence of aliphatic side chains and hetero-atoms in coal rnacromolecule, which enables the coal structure to be considered as the purely hydro-aromatic hydrocarbon. The results agree with the properties of coal rnareomolecule.     

THE "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE RELATION BETWEEN THE MAGROMOLECIJLAR STRUCTURE OF COAL AND ITS RANK

In this paper, by Using Traube's Law, we presented a method with which the macromolecular structure of coal can be studied through the relation between the true density of coal and its chemical constitution Then we researched the law of the variation of the macromolecular struclure of coal with its. rank. At the same time, we discuss the rank of coal which is classified in the constitution and macromolecular structure of coal     

Studies on the Structure Model of Coal and Its Polarization Characteristics

The macromolecular structures of coal samples collected from Yutianbao, Nantong and Qingnian coal mines in Sichuan were studied and a model of structure for these coals was set up. On the basis of above mentioned work,experimental studies and theoretical analyses were made to investigate the characteristics of coal polarization in applied electric field. The results indicate that the rotation polarzation and the space polarization are the essential reason for the attenuation of electric current through coal samples,and that the space polarization is the main form of coal polarization.     

Fractal Characteristic of Electric Polarization Feature of Coal

The dielectric response of charge carriers in disordered materials results from the process of fractal time and the conductance of the fractal structure. The medium metamorphism coal is one kind of structural disordered materials . So, electric polarization feature of coal has been further studied by using fractal geometry theory of time. The result shows that electric polarization property of coal in direct current electric field has fractal characteristic. The relation between b constant of polarization and fractal time dimension is:D t=kb, and the constant k may be relevant to metamorphism degree of coal.     

DEVELOPMENT AND EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF HYDRAULIC LOCK OF THE THINNEST COAL SEAM SHEARER

The structure and work theory of a new type of hydraulic lock of the thinnest coal seam shearer is described in this paper. Its performance tests have been done the test results show that the performance of hydraulic lock is satisfactory and can be fit for the needs of locking and floating of the cutting drum of the thinnest coal seam shearer     

Study on the Chemical Composition and Macromolecular Structure of Outburst Zone Coal

In the light of ultimate analysis data and density of specific gravity liquid, we put forward a formula to calculate the real density of vitrinite, and get a relatively exact computational formula of condensation ring index. The molar fraction of carbon atom ( x C ) could be used to describe the metamorphic degree of coal. Relationship between the macromolecular structure and the probability of coal outburst has been discussed.     

Exploration on the Principle of ECMB

ECMB, which is developed by Amoco company in USA, has very prospective. On the basis of the study on adsorption characteristics of mixture gas in coal, the principle of ECMB has been explored. The order of adsorption capacities of coal for several gases is: CO 2>CH 4>N 2>H 2 when coal adsorbs gas. In 2 member mixture gases, adsorption capacities of coal for mixed gases, methane and carbon dioxide tally with Langmuir equation, but not does for nitrogen and hydrogen. The substance of the increasing drawing ratio of coal seam gas by using ECBM is decreasing adsorption amount of methane in coal by emptying the other gas or gases into coal seam. N 2 is better gas than CO 2 in the process of using ECMB.     

The Advance in the Study of the Macromolecular Structure of Coals

The latest advance in the study of the macromolecular structure and macromolecules stacking structure of coals were reviewed. The viewpoint that there are complex variation and ordering in coal macromolecule stsructure is put forward. It is suggested that the macromolecular structure of coals be divided into three levels?the skeleton of carbon atoms (Basic Structural Unit), the metwork of cross-linking bonds and the edge groups in BSU.     

Experimental analysis of matrix shrinkage’s influence on mechanical permeability of gas filled coal

Based on the coal seam of Zhao zhuang coal mine and Si he coal mine belong to Jin cheng anthracite Mining Group in Shanxi province, by using the self developed three axial servo controlled seepage equipment for hot fluid solid coupling of coal containing methane, parallel experiments for permeability of helium and methane under different gas pressures are carried out to quantitatively study the influence of Klinkenberg effects on the permeability of coal. Meanwhile, the problem of permeability decreasing caused by fluid pressure decreasing and gas desorption is eliminated by controlling the effective stress. The results show thatthe Klinkenberg effect is obvious under low gas pressure. With the increase of gas pressure, the permeability of coal decreases at first and then increases. The inflection points of gas pressure for Klinkenberg effect are about 0.9 MPa both for coal samples in Zhao zhuang coal mine and Si he coal mine. When the effective stress is constant, with the increase of gas pressure, the permeability increment caused by Klinkenberg effect decreases, while permeability increment caused by coal matrix shrinkage increases. Coal matrix shrinkage has a close relationship with the mechanical properties of coal rock mass. For the coal sample with a poor mechanical property, coal matrix shrinkage is more obvious.     

Finite Element Analyses of Spherical Node of Coal Pipeline System of Blast Furnace

The mechanical model of spherical node of coal pipelines of blast furnace is built. Its boundary conditions and loads are presented. Its finite element analyses are used for this structure. Its stress distributing rules are obtained and the security of this structure is evaluated.     

The fractal characteristics of the pore and development ofbriquettes with different coal particle sizes

Coal is a non-uniform porous medium. The degree of porous development is closely related to absorption-desorption characteristics and flow characteristics of coal seam gas. In order to investigate pore structure of briquette, it is studied the characteristics of porous development of briquette with different coal particle sizes like 4.00~1.70 mm, 1.70~0.38 mm and 0.38~0.18 mm by using CF-2000P polarization analysis software and Fractalfox2.0 fractal analysis software. Testing result shows that with the decrease of coal particle size, briquette pore radius decreases, the total number of pores and fractal dimension increase. And the more the pore develops, the more uniform the pore distributes.     

The Prediction of Danger Zone of Coal Burst

The measurement of in-site crustal stresses are carried out in Yan Shi Tai coal mine.The outburst-proneness of 6# coal seam are studied with five indexes. Based on the strength testing of coal,the strength criterion is set up. The energy criterion is put forward in the light of engineering practice.According to the "three criteria" mechanical model,the prediction of danger zone of coal burst of 6# coal seam in this mine is carried out.     

灰分对煤自燃特性影响的实验研究

为了研究灰分对煤自燃能力的影响作用，利用绝热氧化实验装置对不同灰分含量煤样进行升温氧化实验，采用R₇₀、T_CPT、B 3种指标表征灰分含量对煤样自发氧化过程的影响。结果表明：1）灰分含量越大，煤样低温氧化阶段温升速率越小，温升加速点温度越高，煤样的自发氧化过程越慢，煤越不易自燃；灰分含量大于40%后，煤自燃倾向性快速减弱。温升加速点是反应微观信息的零活化能温度的宏观累计结果，具有直观且滞后的特点。灰分越大，滞后越明显，温差越大。2）R₇₀、T_CPT、B 3种指标与灰分关系表现为二次函数。R₇₀和T_CPT两种指标显示灰分越大，自燃倾向性越弱，与实践经验相符。受水分权重影响，B指标显示煤样在灰分小于40%时，灰分越大，煤样自燃倾向性越强，这与实践经验相悖。因此，B在判定灰分对煤样自燃倾向性的影响时具有一定的局限性。     

Research and Application of Temperature-field Digitalizing of the Tuyere and Raceway Section in Blast Furnace

It is useful for diagnosing coal combustion status and the tuyere and raceway in blast furnace, at the same time, it is supervision running state to study on temperature-field of also helpful for supervising the structure of oxygen and coal burning apparatus, improving coal combustion technology and coal injection operation. The model between red and green information of true color flame image and temperature is established and two dimension raceway section projection temperature-field are achieved by applying no-touch radiation temperature measurement theory and technology. It is proved with experimentation that the method is effective and feasible, and the testing precision can reach 98.09% compared to the testing result of thermocouple of taking out gas.     

Plastic slip stability analysis of gangue granular media

This paper studies the landslide mechanism by the analysis of accumulation form, topography and geomorphology, self structure and natural river system of Weijiagou coal gangue hill. The limit state function is established based on plasticity mechanics limit analysis upper bound theorem and Bishop slices method, combining reliability theory. The safety coefficient and reliability index of Weijiagou coal gangue slope is calculated. The plasticity limit analysis upper bound theorem can consider the interior stress strain relation of soil, so the formula derivation process is stricter. It is the consideration of the variability of gangue parameters that making the evaluation result more reasonable.     

I.K. SPECTROSCOPY ANALYSIS OF THE GROUPS IN COAL MACROMOLECULE

A set of coal samples are characterized by FT-i.r. spectroscopy, and the assignment of the frequencies observed in coal spectra is analysed and discussed in delail in this paper. At the same time, the law of the variation of the groups in the macromolecule of coal with the increase in the rank of coal is researched.     

三里洞煤矸石废弃地景观规划

煤矸石的大量堆放破坏环境与景观格局,带来了一系列的生态环境问题。本文探索了矸石废弃地景观规划设计的目标与原则,运用生态恢复、景观设计的理论方法指导矸石废弃地进行生态恢复与景观重建。以矸石堆尺度、废弃地尺度两种立地类型划分结果为依据,在此基础上进行了景观规划设计。从而引发对废弃地区域规划设计的思考,这对改善矿区生态环境面貌,恢复土地的生产能力,促进农业生产,提高城市地位和形象有着重要的意义,也可为其它地区矸石废弃地的景观规划提供借鉴。     

Mechanism analysis of permeability based on promoting coal matrix shrinkage by water jet

High pressure pulsed water jet (HPWJ) is a new technology of effectively improving coal seam permeability. However, the mechanism of increased permeability is not yet clear, which restricts the application of HPWJ in different coal seams. From the perspective of improving permeability by coal matrix shrinkage, the impelled dynamic equations is established based on analysis of coal dynamic effects by water jet. According to theoretical analysis of the stress state of coal matrix, it is concluded that HPWJ can promote coal matrix shrinkage, and the relationship equation between jet impact-coal matrix is derived. Besides, the gas seepage function in the coal slotted by the HPWJ is gained by using PM model, which provides theoretical support for generalizing the technology in the coal mine.     

Key Layer and Stress Dike Mechanism of Coal and Gas Outbursts

The outburst coal mass is a geologic body which had objectively existed before outbursts occurred.The authors think the occurrence and development of coal and gas outbursts are controlled by comprehensive factors according to a host of facts of outbursts in their researches,and all the factors belong to the system of "rock coal gas rock".Therefore the authors put forward a completely hypothesis,i.e.key layer and stress dike mechanism of coal and gas outbursts.This hypothesis emphasizes that the outbursts are the result of comprehensive action by coalbed gas,abutment stress and physical and mechanical properties of coal.Of special interest is emphasizing the geologic backgroud and conditions of outbursts to a great extent.Any phenomenon of outbursts which a person could observe could be qualitatively explained with the hypothesis so that the hypothesis can serve the study of geophysical field of outbursts perfectly.     

Coal Consumption Prediction in Chongqing Municipality on the Basis of Gray System Theory

On the basis of the theory of gray system, two models have been presented to forecast the coal consumed during 2005 -2011. The comparison between coal consumption over 1995 -2002 and the prediction show that the models enjoy a high precision and are practical,and the forecast results are reliable.