The threshold effect of the efficiency of science and technological services on regional environmental governance in China

Through panel data for every province in China from 2006 to 2016, this paper studies the impact of the efficiency of science and technological services and the level of economic development on environmental governance, with the efficiency of science and technological services as the threshold variables. The results of the research indicate that the efficiency of science and technological services in China's provinces is low, while the regional gap is expanding. When the efficiency of science and technological services is the threshold variable, single threshold results are significant. When the efficiency of science and technological services is the threshold variable and when the efficiency of science and technological services is lower than the threshold value, there is a significant impact on environmental governance. If the efficiency of science and technological services crosses the threshold value, the impact of science and technological service efficiency on environmental governance becomes insignificant. For the level of economic development, it is a core explanatory variable and has a significant impact on environmental governance only when the efficiency of science and technological services is below the threshold value. According to the empirical results, this paper proposes corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.     

宁夏科技创新平台建设成效及发展对策研究

科技创新平台是区域科技创新体系的重要基础,建设好科技创新平台对于宁夏经济社会的发展具有重要的支撑作用。总结了"十一五"期间宁夏科技创新平台建设所取得的成效,分析了现存的主要问题,提出了宁夏"十二五"科技创新平台建设的对策措施。     

乡村振兴时代科技创新赋能产业振兴路径与对策探析

在乡村振兴时代背景下,产业振兴是乡村振兴的基础,科技创新是产业振兴的关键,强化科技创新支撑产业振兴的作用对于实施乡村振兴战略具有重要的现实意义。本研究基于陕西省安康市的实证,深入分析科技发展现状、存在的问题以及面临的机遇与挑战,从微观视角和实证层面研究产业振兴对科技的实际需求,探索提升科技支撑现代农业创新能力、新兴工业创新水平以及社会事业发展能力的有效路径,并从主导产业重大创新、创新平台升级发展、科技资源创新服务、科技创新生态营造等方面提出赋能产业振兴的对策建议,为同类地区科技创新助推产业振兴提供案例研究和决策参考。     

Corporate Governance of Technological Alliances of Enterprise

Technological alliance of enterprise is an organization of technology innovation. The proper selection of corporate governance of technological alliance can provide advantage with cost-down, and also it is the decisive factor of success for technological alliance. Based on the comparatively research of the diversity in the structure of corporate ownership and organization, control right distribution, relationship of partners, etc, this paper indicates that the corporate governance of technological alliance is cooperation relationship of the knowledge capital, which makes the base of partner's capability and sharing the control right. The corporate governance of technological alliance is compound of negotiation mechanism, reputation mechanism and trust mechanism. Further analysis of them is also provided.     

Discussion on Technological Innovation and Core Competence

In this paper, the meanings and features of technological innovation and core competence are analyzed firstly and then the relationship between technological innovation and core competence is discussed in brief. Finally, the suggestions that government should give play to promote the technological innovation and to accelerate the core competence of enterprises in China are brought forward.     

中国热带农业科技创新能力提升的思考

此文首先阐述了加快热带农业科技创新的意义,接着分析了当前热带农业科技创新面临的问题、挑战和机遇,探讨了提升热带农业科技创新能力的基本原则,最后提出了加快热带农业科技创新能力的对策与建议。     

The Effects of Internal Governance Mechanism on Technological Innovation of the Stated-Owned Enterprises:An Empirical Study

Combining the resource-based view and corporate governance perspective and strategic management theory, the paper studies the effects of internal governance mechanism on technological innovation of the stated-owned enterprises. It is found that a significant and positive association among technological innovation, firm' s ROA, leadership structure and asset-debt ratio. Although the ownership concentration provides a negative effect, it is no evidence thats firm' s technological innovation is related to the firm' s shares holded by top management.     

基于积因子赋权重APH农业科技进步水平的评价研究——以黑龙江省为例

为明确黑龙江省农业科技进步水平发展动态及其现状,利用文献调查法及德尔菲法构建农业科技进步水平评价体系,通过积因子赋权重层次分析法,对1986~2011年间黑龙江省农业科技进步水平进行综合评价分析。结果表明：1986~2011年黑龙江省农业科技进步水平呈明显上升趋势,1986年仅为2.5分, 2011年达到96.9 分,年均增长为3.78 分。黑龙江农业科技进步水平发展态势良好,农业科技进步水平已达较高层次。     

Efficiency and TFP Growth in the Spanish Regions: The Role of Human and Public Capital

Abstract This paper analyzes the productivity growth of the Spanish regions between 1965 and 1995, decomposing productivity gains into technological progress and efficiency change by means of Malmquist indices. Once estimates of efficiency are obtained, the aim of this paper is to analyze the effects of human and public capital on growth in terms of their impact on Total Factor Productivity (TFP). Public capital is believed to increase the productivity of the private factors of production whereas human capital is thought to contribute to the production process as an additional input and to have a dynamic influence on growth through its impact on technological innovation (shifts in the production frontier) and technological diffusion (movements toward the frontier), which are the components of this TFP measure. Considering inefficiencies will then allow the effects of these variables on TFP growth to be estimated via technological progress and efficiency gains.     

Technological Economic Analysis of TwistingThermal Insulated Direct-Buried pipe

This paper describes the technological process in producing twisting thermal insulated pipe and compares it with the traditional method in China.In the paper,a technological economic analysis is made as well to compare the twisting thermal insulated direct-buried pipes with underground tunnel laying ones.     

正交设计优化羊肉胴体冲洗工艺条件研究

研究羊肉胴体冲洗的工艺条件。采用单因素试验确定影响羊肉储藏后微生物菌落总数、pH和感官评分的各因素最佳水平,按照单因素试验结果,以羊肉常温储藏36 h 时的微生物菌落总数为考察指标,以溶液温度、冲洗时间、干燥时间为考察因素,进行3因素3水平的胴体冲洗工艺条件的正交试验,确定出最佳工艺条件。正交试验结果可知,最优胴体冲洗工艺条件为：溶液温度4℃,冲洗时间1 min,干燥时间5 min,通过此条件处理后,常温储藏36 h 时的羊肉微生物菌落总数为1.39×103 CFU/g。该研究方法操作简单,成本低,容易控制,可适用于大规模生产,该研究结果为今后鲜肉胴体冲洗工艺条件的研究提供试验基础。     

浅析出口食品热力杀菌工艺设计及有效性验证

热力杀菌是出口食品企业产品质量安全控制的关键工序。论述了热力杀菌工艺设计的依据及影响因素,并介绍了通过对热力杀菌过程的验证确保工艺的有效性和产品的安全性。     

小额信贷项目绩效研究

科技部农村技术开发中心与联合国开发计划署（UNDP）在中国科技扶贫领域已经进行了多年的合作,成功地实施了以“科技扶贫能力建设”为目标的小额信贷项目等多个扶贫发展项目。这些项目不仅实现了很好的经济效益,也取得了很好的社会效益,而且探索了多种基于中国国情的扶贫项目模式。尝试着评估了小额信贷项目的效绩,希望对于今后实施其他的扶贫发展项目、以至于对中国的扶贫事业和社会发展实践,能起到一定的理论意义和现实意义。     

县域农业产业科技进步贡献率测算及其影响因素分析——以上杭县水稻生产为例

本文运用农业部科学技术与质量标准司统一颁布的增长速度测算法,对2002-2007年上杭县水稻科技进步贡献率进行测算,分析科技进步贡献率的影响因素,并采用层次分析法对其影响因素的权重进行计算,进而提出相应的对策建议,以期能够提高农业科技进步贡献率,以推动上杭县农业的发展。     

Total factor productivity and the factors of green industry in Shanxi Province,China

Based on industrial panel data from 11 prefecture-level cities in Shanxi Province from 2008 to 2016, two kinds of total factor productivity (TFP) are measured: With and without the consideration of environmental factors. The specific decomposition of TFP under these two conditions is then discussed. Finally, the factors of TFP are studied in a green industry context. The results indicate the following: (a) The TFP's annual growth rate considering environmental conditions is higher than that without such consideration; (b) if environmental factors are neglected, TFP improvements primarily depend on technological progress; (c) when considering environmental factors, both technological progress and improved technological efficiency promote the growth of green TFP (GTFP), but this still primarily depends on substantial technological progress, with an annual average growth rate that reaches 10.2%; and (d) among factors, the economic development level, degree of openness, and urbanization positively correlate with the GTFP, while the industrial structure and degree of informatization significantly and negatively correlate with GTFP.     

中国农业科技创新体系建设思路与对策研究

通过对近百年世界农业科技发展史的回顾,当前我国农业科技创新体系现状、问题及成因的分析,从战略的角度,提出了加快我国农业科技创新体系建设的思路。     

新疆科技创新中的知识产权问题研究

为全面、系统、科学、真实地反映新疆科技创新中的知识产权发展现状及存在的问题,提出符合新疆实际的科技创新中的知识产权创造、管理、保护以及应用对策措施,笔者立足于省内外及新疆科技领域的发展趋势及其与知识产权的关系,运用科学的理论和方法以及现有研究成果,从理论的高度创新性地提出科技创新中知识产权竞争力的概念、内涵,通过分析和评价,深入研究新疆科技创新中知识产权现状、问题、思路、目标和对策措施。研究发现新疆科技创新中的知识产权状况与推进自主创新、建设创新型新疆的要求相比还存在诸多需要解决的问题,据此提出了实现新疆科技创新中的知识产权的战略目标和重点,并制定出创新科技管理体制机制、实现知识产权创新重大突破、加快企业技术创新能力建设、组织实施重大科技专项、加强科技创新平台建设等对策建议。     

加快产学研结合 促进科技成果产业化

阐述了西北农林科技大学科技产业的发展现状,提出了高等院校实现农业高新技术成果转化和发展科技产业的基本思路和具体做法。     

中国海洋渔业科技进步贡献率的测算与分析

为分析中国海洋渔业的科技投入对产业发展的影响程度,运用Cobb-Douglas生产函数法构建中国海洋渔业科技进步贡献率测算模型。利用中国海洋渔业2001—2010年的相关生产数据,对“十五”期间和“十一五”期间中国海洋渔业的科技进步贡献率进行测算。结果表明：相对于“十五”期间,中国海洋渔业在“十一五”期间的科技进步贡献率有所上升,但仍处于极低水平,说明中国海洋渔业科技水平较为落后,其对海洋渔业经济发展的贡献程度较低。最后提出了提高海洋渔业科技发展水平的对策建议,即加大科研投入,提高研发水平;建立海洋渔业科技推广机制;鼓励、引导渔业转型和加强海洋渔业科技信息化建设等。     

基于DEA的河北省畜牧业科技发展战略有效性评价

对畜牧业科技生产活动的有效性进行评价,可以为畜牧业科技发展战略的调整和优化提供实践性指导;本文运用DEA模型,以畜牧业科技活动的有效性分析为基础,对河北省已实施的畜牧业科技发展战略的成效进行了评价;一方面,通过对河北省2000-2007年畜牧业科技投入产出的DEA分析,得出了河北省的畜牧业科技活动在大多数年份里相对有效,但规模收益不变、甚至递减的结论;另一方面,对河北省“十一五”畜牧业科技攻关重大项目“动物检疫”、“饲料工业”以及“畜禽良繁”有效性进行了分析,揭示出不同项目的DEA特征。最后为河北省畜牧业科技发展战略的调整与优化提出了建议。