煤矿炮掘作业中残炮的发生原因及预防

在煤矿掘进工作中,常常需要使用炸药和雷管之类的爆破器材进行炮掘作业。由于各种原因,通电放炮之后可能会出现炸药和雷管都不爆炸或只有一样爆炸而另一样不爆炸的情况,这种不良后果不仅增加了爆破物的损耗,降低了爆破的效率,更严重的是可能会影响施工人员的安全。本文针对煤矿炮掘作业中出现残炮的各种原因进行分析并提出预防的措施,希望能对大家认识残炮的危害和进行相关预防工作有所帮助,减少残炮的发生,提高炮掘作业的安全性。     

非炸药岩石安全破碎器在露天矿大块二次爆破中的应用

二次爆破是指对一些不符合运输要求或者某些领域特定的规格的大块岩石或者矿物的二次处理的过程,在我国采矿业当中有着极其重要的作用和意义。当然,二次爆破具有高危险性、难度性和风险性,就目前我国的二次爆破发展水平而言,还处在几个较低的水平。如何能够在低风险、高安全保障的前提下进行二次爆破是我们面临的主要问题,本文所研究的非炸药岩石安全破碎器带给了我们答案。本研究就非炸药岩石安全破碎器的基本概况,包括其工作原理、应用优势、应用行业和运作流程及其在露天矿大块二次爆破中的应用情况进行全面系统的论述与分析,以供业内人士参考。     

浅谈爆破振动效应在田湾取水明渠中的控制

随着爆破技术的不断发展,爆破挤淤技术逐渐在防波堤、护岸、围堰等工程得到广泛应用,爆破挤淤置换的淤泥的厚度也越来越大,个别区域可达30m以上,需要的炸药量也越大。在施工中如何既能保证块石落底,又能减少爆破振动效应的危害,将是工程爆破技术人员面临一大难题。本文结合工程实例,针对爆破挤淤在田湾取水明渠的施工,浅谈下如何通过对爆破振动监测和分析,以减少爆破振动对周围建筑的危害。     

香菇废菌棒替代部分饲料

一规模养殖场目前推出"规模养殖场香菇废菌棒替代部分饲料饲养应用"课题,研究在饲料中添加菌棒最佳比例方案,以达到最大限度的降低饲料成本。该课题主要做法是:选择无霉菌、无病虫害、洁白的香菇废菌棒打碎,拌入适量的食盐、过磷酸钙、尿素     

某注装药流程工艺优化

常规注装药工艺存在工序要求多、专用设备及工装成本高、人为因素影响大、原料利用率低等缺陷。针对低频炸药新配方中取消了起熔融黏合作用的提纯地腊,取而代之的是胶,不需要加热融化就能实现炸药及添加剂的混合和黏合,不需要新添设备及工装就能实现注药,工艺简单易行,这就大大缩短了产品的研制周期,降低了试制成本。     

Ansys/ls-dyna数值仿真技术在井巷工程教学中的应用

本文针对井巷工程课程中的爆破方面的理论知识比较抽象,难于讲解和理解的问题,采用Ansys/Ls-dyna数值模拟软件模拟了炸药在岩土中的爆炸过程。从定性和定量的角度描述了炸药爆炸过程中动应力场的演化过程,并对计算结果用图片及动画的形式进行演示,在多媒体教学中起到了较好的辅助作用。     

解决甲鱼饲料五法

甲鱼食性较杂,以动物性饲料为主,采取“利废、捕捞、饲养、诱捕、配制”五种方法,既能解决饲料来源问题,又能有效地降低饲养成本。 一、利废 收集就近屠宰场(户)、饭店宰猪、鸡鸭的内脏弃料和血,洗净切碎投喂。 二、捕捞 捕捉螺、蚌(去壳捣碎)和小鱼虾投喂。     

改进炮眼要素——提高循环单进目标研究

为加快岩巷施工进度,提高岩巷循环单进,必须对旧有的爆破方式进行适当的改进。就目前的钻爆法来说,有如下问题:炮眼利用率低、掏槽孔不合理(布孔不合理、钻孔不规范、钻孔直径太小、装药量少,装药结构不合理)、装药封孔速度慢且不牢固等,该文针对钻爆法施工各爆破要素进行针对性改进,增加了爆破效率,提高了炮眼利用率,降低了循环作业时间,减少了施工作业人员,有效的解决了中硬岩石条件下中深孔爆破的相关问题。     

一鸣惊人——谈张天男的诗词

开山凿石,千吨炸药之轰天爆破,乱石崩云之一鸣惊人,青年诗人张天男之诗词也!并非信口开河之虚妄吹捧,并非忘年之交之偏爱独钟,而是骤闻内蒙古诗词界一片赞扬之后引起的心灵震颤。当《草原》主编尚贵荣说:     

杏鲍菇废菌棒代替麸皮饲喂肉牛的效果试验

杏鲍菇是一种高档食用菌,其废菌棒中含有多种营养物质和生物菌丝存在。为开发利用杏鲍菇废菌棒,试验选用利木赞与鲁西黄牛杂种架子牛20头,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组10头,试验组采用杏鲍菇废菌棒替代常规饲料配方（对照组）中的麸皮。经60d饲养试验,试验组净增重比对照组增加5．00kg。提高1．64％,按市场价测算,每100kg试验饲料比常规饲料成本降低45．00元左右。     

白术、微米白术和白术多糖对断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道形态及微生态区系的影响

试验选用96头平均体重14.82 kg左右的杜×长×大断奶仔猪,随机分成4组,每组3栏,每栏8头(公母各半)。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验1、2、3组分别添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖和1%微米白术。试验期30 d。结果表明:在生长性能方面,与对照组相比,1%微米白术添加组可显著提高日增重(P0.05)、降低饲料增重比和腹泻率,而且效果优于1%80目白术组和0.2%白术多糖组,在肠道形态和肠道微生态区系方面,与对照组相比,日粮添加1%80目白术、0.2%白术多糖、1%微米白术均可不同程度的提高十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度,加深十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度,并且增加肠道微生态区系的多样性,其中以1%微米白术添加组的效果最佳。     

Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia

Sissay, M.M., Uggla, A. and Waller, P.J., XXXX. Prevalence and seasonal incidence of nematode parasites and fluke infections of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia. Tropical Animal Health and Production, XXXX. A 2-year abattoir survey was carried out to determine the prevalence, abundance and seasonal incidence of gastro-intestinal (GI) nematodes and trematodes (flukes) of sheep and goats in the semi-arid zone of eastern Ethiopia. During May 2003 to April 2005, viscera including liver, lungs and GI tracts were collected from 655 sheep and 632 goats slaughtered at 4 abattoirs located in the towns of Haramaya, Harar, Dire Dawa and Jijiga in eastern Ethiopia. All animals were raised in the farming areas located within the community boundaries for each town. Collected materials were transported within 24 h to the parasitology laboratory of Haramaya University for immediate processing. Thirteen species belonging to 9 genera of GI nematodes (Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, T. vitrinus, Nematodirus filicollis, N. spathiger, Oesophagostomum columbianum, O. venulosum, Strongyloides papillosus, Bunostomum trigonocephalum, Trichuris ovis, Cooperia curticei and Chabertia ovina), and 4 species belonging to 3 genera of trematodes (Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica, Paramphistomum {Calicohoron} microbothrium and Dicrocoelium dendriticum) were recorded in both sheep and goats. All animals in this investigation were infected with multiple species to varying degrees. The mean burdens of adult nematodes were generally moderate in both sheep and goats and showed patterns of seasonal abundance that corresponded with the bi-modal annual rainfall pattern, with highest burdens around the middle of the rainy season. In both sheep and goats there were significant differences in the mean worm burdens and abundance of the different nematode species between the four geographic locations, with worm burdens in the Haramaya and Harar areas greater than those observed in the Dire Dawa and Jijiga locations. Similar seasonal variations were also observed in the prevalence of flukes. But there were no significant differences in the prevalence of each fluke species between the four locations. Overall, the results showed that Haemonchus, Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus, Oesophagostomum, Fasciola and Paramphistomum species were the most abundant helminth parasites of sheep and goats in eastern Ethiopia.     

Internal Parasites and Haematological Values in Cattle Slaughtered in Buea Subdivision of Cameroon

Tropical Animal Health and Production -     

Phase I evaluation of CCNU (lomustine) in tumor-bearing cats

1-(2-Chloroethyl)3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) is an alkylating agent in the nitrosourea subclass. A prospective evaluation of CCNU was done to determine the maximally tolerated dosage of CCNU in tumor-bearing cats. Response data were obtained when available. Twenty-five cats were treated with CCNU at a dosage of 50-60 mg/m3 body surface area. Complete hematologic data were available for 13 cats. Neutropenia was the acute dose-limiting toxicity. The median neutrophil count at the nadir was 1,000 cells/microL (mean, 2,433 cells/microL; range, 0-9,694 cells/microL). The time of neutrophil nadir was variable, occurring 7-28 days after treatment, and counts sometimes did not return to normal for up to 14 days after the nadir. Based on these findings, a 6-week dosing interval and weekly hematologic monitoring after the 1st treatment with CCNU are recommended. The nadir of the platelet count may occur 14-21 days after treatment. The median platelet count at the nadir was 43,500 cells/microL. No gastrointestinal, renal, or hepatic toxicities were observed after a single CCNU treatment, and additional studies to evaluate the potential for cumulative toxicity should be performed. Five cats with lymphoma and 1 cat with mast cell tumor had measurable responses to CCNU. Phase II studies to evaluate antitumor activity should be completed with a dosing regimen of 50-60 mg/m3 every 6 weeks.     

Chemotaxis of macrophage in inflammation

Our particular attention in this article was given to natural mediators for macrophages isolated from the sites of tissue injury. A number of chemotactic factors, which may satisfy many criteria making them acceptable as inflammatory leucocyte chemotactic factors, has been separated. Among them, our laboratory has isolated three macrophage (monocyte) chemotactic factors (MCF-a, -b and -c). Their purification, characterization and functional specificity are discussed.     

Prevalence of gastric lesions in racing Alaskan sled dogs

Human and equine athletes are reported to have a high prevalence of gastric disease, and anecdotal evidence suggests a similar phenomenon applies to racing sled dogs. To investigate the prevalence of gastric disease in racing sled dogs, we conducted 2 gastroscopy studies on dogs competing in the annual Iditarod Sled Dog Race. A pilot study of dogs that were either dropped from the 2000 Iditarod Sled Dog Race because of illness or that finished the race indicated that, approximately 5 days after competing, 10 of 28 dogs (35%) had endoscopic evidence of gastric ulceration, erosion, or hemorrhage. The next year, an endoscopic study of 73 dogs participating in the 2001 Iditarod race was performed in order to evaluate a larger population of dogs. Data from 70 of these dogs could be used; 34 (48.5%) had ulceration, erosion, gastric hemorrhage, or some combination of these findings. When this group of 70 dogs was compared retrospectively to a control group of 87 dogs presented to the Texas A&M University (TAMU) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, the Iditarod sled dogs had a significantly higher prevalence (P = .049) of gastric lesions. These findings suggest that, similar to athletes of other species, elite canine athletes have an increased prevalence of gastric disease compared to the canine population at large.     

Furosemide continuous rate infusion in the horse: evaluation of enhanced efficacy and reduced side effects

Continuous rate infusion (CRI) of furosemide in humans is considered superior to intermittent administration (IA). This study examined whether furosemide CRI, compared with IA, would increase diuretic efficacy with decreased fluid and electrolyte fluctuations and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the horse. Five mares were used in a crossover-design study. During a 24-hour period, each horse received a total of 3 mg/kg furosemide by either CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h preceded by a loading dose of 0.12 mg/kg IV) or IA (1 mg/kg IV q8h). There was not a statistically significant difference in urine volume over 24 hours between methods; however, urine volume was significantly greater after CRI compared with IA during the first 8 hours ([median 25th percentile, 75th percentile]: 9.6 L [8.9, 14.4] for CRI versus 5.9 L [5.3, 6.0] for IA). CRI produced a more uniform urine flow, decreased fluctuations in plasma volume, and suppressed renal concentrating ability throughout the infusion period. Potassium, Ca, and Cl excretion was greater during CRI than IA (1,133 mmol [1.110, 1,229] versus 764 mmol [709, 904], 102.7 mmol [96.0, 117.2] versus 73.3 mmol [65.0, 73.5], and 1,776 mmol [1,657, 2.378] versus 1,596 mmol [1,457, 1,767], respectively). Elimination half-lives of furosemide were 1.35 and 0.47 hours for CRI and IA, respectively. The area under the excretion rate curve was 1,285.7 and 184.2 mL x mg/mL for CRI and IA, respectively. Furosemide CRI (0.12 mg/kg/h) for 8 hours, preceded by a loading dose (0.12 mg/kg), is recommended when profound diuresis is needed acutely in horses.     

Y‐chromosomal variation of local goat breeds of Turkey close to the domestication centre

Genetic variations in chromosome Y are enabling researchers to identify paternal lineages, which are informative for introgressions and migrations. In this study, the male‐specific region markers, sex‐determining region‐Y (SRY), amelogenin (AMELY) and zinc finger (ZFY) were analysed in seven Turkish native goat breeds, Angora, Kilis, Hair, Honaml?, Norduz, Gürcü and Abaza. A SNP in the ZFY gene defined a new haplotype Y2C. All domestic haplogroups originate from Capra aegagrus, while the finding of Y1A, Y1B, Y2A and Y2C in 32, 4, 126 and 2 Turkish domestic goats, respectively, appears to indicate a predomestic origin of the major haplotypes. The occurrence of four haplotypes in the Hair goat and, in contrast, a frequency of 96% of Y1A in the Kilis breed illustrate that Y‐chromosomal variants have a more breed‐dependent distribution than mitochondrial or autosomal DNA. This probably reflects male founder effects, but a role in adaptation cannot be excluded.     

Changes in proportion of canine urinary calculi composed of calcium oxalate or struvite in specimens analyzed from 1981 through 2001

The objective of this report was to characterize 20-year changes in proportion of calcium oxalate (CaOx) calculi and struvite calculi in dogs, and associations with breed, age, and sex. In this retrospective study, results of analysis of urinary calculi from dogs were reviewed for specimens received between July 1, 1981, and December 31, 2001. Breed, sex, age, year of submission of the specimen, and mineral type(s) were analyzed statistically. CaOx or Struvite or both were contained in 18,966 of 20,884 (91%) specimens. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant increase was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained CaOx. The increase in this proportion was greater in females (1% to 31%) than in males (18% to 82%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions may have plateaued, the odds of specimens containing CaOx were markedly higher in 18 breeds, markedly lower in 5 breeds, and not significantly different in 13 breeds compared with crossbreds. For both sexes, a 20-year statistically significant decrease was observed in the proportion of calculus specimens that contained struvite. This decrease in proportion was greater for males (79-16%) than for females (97-68%). From 1998 to 2001, when proportions plateaued, the odds of calculi containing struvite were markedly lower in 20 breeds, markedly higher in 1 breed, and not significantly different in 15 breeds when compared with crossbreds. Breed, age, and sex were associated statistically with CaOx or struvite urolithiasis. In conclusion, there appears to have been a long-term increase in the proportion of specimens of canine urinary calculi that contain CaOx as well as a long-term decrease in the proportion of specimens of calculi that contain struvite for both male and female dogs. The rate of change appeared to begin leveling off in the period 1998 to 2001. The recent proportion of dogs with either CaOx- or struvite-associated urolithiasis may depend on breed, age, and sex, and on interactions among these 3 factors.     

Smart Phone Assisted City-scale Wireless Sensor Network Deployment for Transportation System Monitoring

<正>1.INTRODUCTION Ensuring transportation network security is one Of the most daunting challenges confronting homeland security agencies today.Significant research has been dedicated.To model and analyze the vulnerability of transportation systems,while notably fewer studies propose specific strategies for deploying defensive technologies to safeguard these systems.