2007年高致病性禽流感和口蹄疫等主要动物疫病监测方案(农业部发)

一、总则 (一)目的 为切实掌握禽流感、口蹄疫等主要动物疫病流行规律和疫情动态,及时发现疫情隐患,提高重大动物疫情预警预报能力,按照国家监测与地方监测相结合,集中监测和日常监测相结合原则,特制定本方案.     

2007年高致病性禽流感和口蹄疫等主要动物疫病监测方案（农业部发）

一、总则 （一）目的 为切实掌握禽流感、口蹄疫等主要动物疫病流行规律和疫情动态．及时发现疫情隐患．提高重大动物疫情预警预报能力．按照国家监测与地方监测相结合．集中监测和日常监测相结合原则．特制定本方案。     

如何搞好动物疫病监测工作

动物疫情监测实质是采用流行病学调查、临床诊断、采样检测等相结合的方法调查了解动物疫情的活动。重大动物疫情预警实质上是对各类重大动物疫情进行流行病学调查和对动物群个体免疫率抽查、免疫抗体监测、病原学检测、动物卫生组织体系运行情况、候鸟迁徙规律和周边国家或地区重大动物疫情的风险进行评估和预报。     

2007年高致病性禽流感和口蹄疫等主要动物疫病监测方案

1总则1.1目的为切实掌握禽流感、口蹄疫等主要动物疫病流行规律和疫情动态,及时发现疫情隐患,提高重大动物疫情预警预报能力,按照国家监测与地方监测相结合,集中监测和日常监测相结合原则,特制定本方案。     

国家突发重大动物疫情应急预案

编者按:国务院于2006年2月27日发布<国家突发重大动物疫情应急预案>.<预案>规定,建立全国突发重大动物疫情监测、报告网络体系,开展日常监测工作.各级人民政府兽医行政部门根据监测信息,及时分析并作出预警.发生突发重大动物疫情时,事发地各级人民政府及其有关部门要按照分级响应的原则和有关规定,作出应急反应.采取边调查、边处理、边抢救、边核实的方式实施.     

当前农村动物疫情监测存在的问题与对策

本文分析了当前农村动物疫情监测工作中存在的问题，提出了加强农村动物疫情监测的对策。     

六要点加强农村动物疫惰监测

加强农村动物疫情监测，做到“早发现、早报告、早封锁、早处理”，是防治重大动物疫病的关键措施。1．建立健全基层动物疫情监测体系。要建立健全四级动物疫情监测网络，在区、县成立动物疫病预防控制机构，引进高素质的专业技术人员，在乡镇设置专门的动物疫情监测员，在村一级设立动物疫情监测观察员，在编制、人员、经费、设备、办公条件等方面予以充分保证。     

宁夏中卫市动物疫情监测预警模式

宁夏中卫市以市、县、乡三级动物防疫体系为主体,整合执业兽医、乡村兽医和村级动物防疫员等兽医社会化服务体系为辅助力量,创建了"一主两辅"动物疫情监测预警模式。通过设置动物疫情固定监测点,开展兽医技术合作服务,推行兽医社会化服务改革,聘任动物疫情测报员,建立动物疫情举报奖励机制等举措,多方位、宽领域、深层次、全覆盖开展动物疫情监测,有效解决基层动物防疫机构人员编制不足短板,疫情监测频次覆盖面低,早期揭发能力不足等突出问题,把"疫控"与"医治"紧密结合,突出监测预警作用,实现"早、快、严、小"应急处置疫情,有助于基层动物防疫工作实践和改革创新。     

2007年高致病性禽流感和口蹄疫等主要动物疫病监测方案

一、总则(一)目的为切实掌握禽流感、口蹄疫等主要动物疫病流行规律和疫情动态,及时发现疫情隐患,提高重大动物疫情预警预报能力,按照国家监测与地方监测相结合,集中监测和日常监测相结合原则,特制定本方案。(二)职责分工     

基层动物疫情现场处置

1 动物疫情1.1 释义动物疫情是指动物(包括家畜家禽和人工饲养、合法捕获的其他动物)疫病发生、流行的情况。动物疫情涉及动物的饲养、屠宰、经营、隔离、运输等活动。1.2 报告主体从事动物隔离、疫情监测、疫病研究与诊断、检验检疫以及饲养、屠宰加工、运输、经营等活动的单位和发现动物群体发病和死亡的个人。     

Disease and destiny-mystery and mastery

When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures.     

奶牛肢蹄病及其防治

简介常见奶牛肢蹄病种类及其症状,从日粮营养、运动场地面结构、环境卫生、饲养管理、遗传育种、疾病管理等方面简析奶牛肢蹄病的病因,并提出相应的预防措施。     

Foot and mouth disease and bluetongue: differences and similarities

On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures.     

畜禽物种多样性及其保护和利用

文章就我国畜禽物种多样性资源的现状、保护和利用等方面进行阐述,为生态脆弱的喀斯特地区畜牧业可持续发展提供参考。     

马的咽气癖及其防制措施研究进展

在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。     

德国荷兰畜禽产品质量安全交流与启示

2018年岁末,笔者有幸赴德国和荷兰,就畜产品质量安全控制及检测技术等进行了短期交流,收获颇丰,现具体介绍如下。一、交流情况德国面积35.73万平方千米,人口约8175.2万,是欧盟人口最多的国家,农业发达,机械化程度很高。德国的畜牧业以猪、牛、羊和禽类为主,畜牧业产值占农业生产总值的61%。德国虽然农业比重很小,但却是有机农业运动最早的发起国,也是目前世界上有机农产品生产与消费大国。     

广西芒果主要病虫害及其防治

广西是我国主要的芒果生产基地。随着基地建设的发展,芒果病虫害已成为目前栽培管理的主要问题。为此,在调查、研究的基础了介绍了当前芒果生产中常见的病虫害,并提出了防治措施,以期为生产上提供技术参考。     

国内外蛋氨酸与赖氨酸市场分析与展望

近几年,世界饲用添加剂市场增长较快,预计今后将进一步增长,据世界粮农组织(FAO)首领会议的倡议,到2015年,将使世界营养不良的人口削减一半,其间,肉制品将会以每年2％的速度增长,特别是加快猪肉和禽肉增长。这将促进世界添加剂,尤其是蛋氨酸和赖氨酸需求量的增加。