杂交马褂木全光喷雾扦插试验

杂交马褂木属难生根树种,种子发芽率只有10%左右,常规扦插办法一般成活率不到20%。试验采用5种基质5种激素4个处理全光喷雾嫩枝扦插,结果表明:吲哚丁酸250mg/L处理,珍珠岩∶粗沙1∶1基质,2~3片1/4叶插穗扦插效果最好,平均生根率最高达69.3%。     

东方杉嫩枝扦插技术

采用不同的基质配方和激素配方处理东方杉嫩枝插穗.扦插试验结果表明:基质配方J4(泥炭:珍珠岩=1:1(V:V))和激素配方M7(NAA:IBA=1:1(m:m))500 mg/L处理比较适合东方杉嫩枝扦插繁殖,扦插成活率达86%.不同基质配方处理和不同激素配方处理均对扦插成活率影响达到极显著性水平,其中J4基质配方和M7激素配方能使插穗平均生根率达最高,分别为67.625%和70.0%.     

银杏带叶硬枝扦插生根试验

该试验用带叶硬枝插穗、容器袋混合基质、全光雾扦插法,试验了激素处理、位置效应、插穗粗度和扦插时期等因子对插穗生根的影响。结果是以PRB生根素处理,以顶梢枝作插穗、插穗下剪口落在芽眼处,插穗粗度0.5～0.8cm、在5月下旬扦插的效果最好,生根率达到81.4～100％。     

菊花扦插繁殖试验

从扦插时间、扦插基质和激素处理3个因子对菊花扦插进行对比试验。结果表明:在2011年5月中上旬,从当年生的嫩枝上,剪取粗壮、生长势强、无病虫害的顶梢作插穗,以30%的菌根土+20%的火土灰+30%的腐叶土+20%沙子作扦插基质,用50 mg/kg GGR6号生根粉溶液浸泡插穗基部1h,扦插成活率最高。     

苞叶杜鹃硬枝扦插育苗技术的研究

以苞叶杜鹃休眠硬枝为试验材料,在不同扦插基质、不同激素种类和质量浓度条件下进行扦插试验,结果表明:插穗在河沙+蛭石基质中的成活率为14.5%,高于草炭土+珍珠岩+腐叶土基质;质量浓度为150 mg·L-1的NAA、IBA处理的效果好于其它处理,插穗成活率分别为21.3%和18.8%,而在河沙+蛭石(1:1)基质中的成活...     

三尖杉扦插育苗技术研究

对三尖杉不同种源、树龄、插穗类型、插穗处理和基质等多种因素扦插育苗试验结果表明,扦插成活率在种源、插穗类型、基质、ABT生根粉处理×扦插基质和插穗类型×ABT生根粉处理互作效应达显著或极显著水平,不同种源的扦插成活率在60.50% ～ 77.32%,带顶芽插穗易于生根,与不带顶芽插穗相比扦插成活率高10.94% ～ 16.41%,后者采用ABT生根粉处理、黄心土基质扦插效果显著.扦插基质黄心土的成活率明显优于细河沙,前者达84.22%,后者仅为60.51%.4年生母树扦插苗的苗高、地径和分枝数都显著优于2年生母树扦插苗.插穗类型不仅显著影响扦插成活率,而且还明显影响苗木质量,侧枝顶段半木质化枝条的扦插苗不仅成活率高,而且苗高生长量大.地径、分枝数和侧根数三者存在显著的正相关,而地径的大小与插穗的粗细密切相关,因此采用带顶芽的粗壮插穗可培育优质扦插苗.     

惠园橄榄扦插繁殖育苗技术的研究

分年度对惠园橄榄品种扦插繁殖的生根及生长能力与插穗年龄、生根促进剂、扦插时间、扦插基质、插穗长度等相关因素进行研究,结果表明:①扦插后50d开始形成不定根;②插穗年龄、生根促进剂、扦插时间、扦插基质和插穗长度对插穗的生根及生长能力都有显著影响;③选用2年生已充分木质化的枝条作插穗,激素以100×10-6IAA+IBA浸基24h效果最好,基质以细河沙+黄心土(1∶1)为佳,成活率可达89 6%。     

东方杉嫩枝扦插技术

采用不同的基质配方和激素配方处理东方杉嫩枝插穗。扦插试验结果表明:基质配方J4(泥炭∶珍珠岩=1∶1(V∶V))和激素配方M7(NAA∶IBA=1∶1(m∶m))500 mg/L处理比较适合东方杉嫩枝扦插繁殖,扦插成活率达86%。不同基质配方处理和不同激素配方处理均对扦插成活率影响达到极显著性水平,其中J4基质配方和M7激素配方能使插穗平均生根率达最高,分别为67.625%和70.0%。     

山茶花品种六角红在不同配比基质上的扦插试验

对山茶花品种六角红在不同配比基质上进行扦插试验,发现插穗在不同配比基质上的成活率、生根数和根长均存在极显著差异。方差分析结果表明:1)插穗在2/3黄心土+1/3腐熟松针土配比基质上的成活率最高,达92%;生根数最多,为7.20;根长最长,达10.13 cm;2/3黄心土+1/3腐熟松最适宜用于山茶花扦插。2)1/3黄心土+1/3河沙+1/3腐熟松针土也可以作为扦插基质,插穗的成活率达到84.33%。3)插穗在1/2黄心土+1/2河沙上的成活率也达80%,但生根数较少,根系不长。4)插穗在1/2黄心土+1/2草木灰和1/3黄心土+1/3草木灰+1/3河沙这2种配比基质上成活率都很低,并且生根数少,根系生长慢,不适合用作扦插基质。       

花叶柳嫩枝扦插繁殖试验

花叶柳是具有较高观赏价值的彩叶树种之一.用2 a生植株为试验材料,研究基质、激素浓度及处理时间等对其生根的影响,结果表明:其插条生根率及生根质量因生根激素的浓度、基质的种类及插穗的粗度有明显差异.用600 mg/kg ABT6号生根粉处理30 s,基质采用蛭石,选中等粗度插条,6～9月扦插,只要湿度适中,管理得当,成活率可达90%以上.     

红花荷的扦插繁殖技术

本试验研究了不同生长素种类与浓度及处理方法对红花荷扦插苗的成活率、不定根条数以及新叶增长的影响。研究结果表明：NAA 200 mg/L作为红花荷扦插苗的促进剂最理想。     

Adventitious rooting in shoot cuttings of Azadirachta indica and Pongamia pinnata

Adventitious rooting in shoot cuttings of neem (Azadirachta indica) and karanj (Pongamia pinnata) was investigated in different seasons. The influence of auxins and B-vitamins (neem only) was evaluated. Maximum rhizogenesis coincided with the emergence of new sprouts i.e. February (neem) and March (karanj). Considering both rooting percentage and root biomass, IBA was the most effective auxin tested. Compared to auxin free controls, IBA (1000 ppm in neem and 800 ppm in karanj) significantly increased adventitious rooting percentage (80 to 100 % respectively), the numbers of roots and root biomass for both species. In neem, B-vitamin treatment yielded 40–50% rooting for cuttings. This was significantly greater than rooting for controls but equivalent to IAA treatments. In neem, some of the cuttings treated with 2000–3000 ppm IBA had well developed root systems without any sprouts. In karanj, all auxin treatments promoted sprouting. The level of total soluble sugars in the rooting zone of neem and karanj was higher in non-rooted than rooted cuttings.     

Metabolic changes during adventitious root primordium development in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tectona grandis</Emphasis> Linn. f. (teak) cuttings as affected by age of donor plants and auxin (IBA and NAA) treatment

Aging of the donor tree decreased adventitious root formation in shoot cuttings of Tectona grandis Linn. f. (teak). Exogenous application of auxins, i.e., α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) has a significant positive effect on the percentage of rooting. The maximum percent rooting was obtained with 4,000 ppm IBA as compared to other treatment. Significant increase in root number was recorded in shoot cuttings treated with 4,000 ppm NAA. The overall rooting response was better in the treatment with IBA rather than with NAA. Further periodic samples (0, 10, 20, and 30 days) were taken to assess the total soluble sugar, starch, protein, and peroxidase (PER) activity in the rooting zone of shoot cuttings of teak during adventitious root formation. Application NAA and IBA to shoot cuttings resulted in an increase in the level of total soluble sugar, starch, protein, and PER-activity in the rooting zone. The stored carbohydrates were utilized during adventitious root formation. Hence, total soluble sugar and starch contents of cuttings, irrespective of age of donor plants, decreased with the passage of time in cuttings planted for rooting. Significant fluctuations were observed in the protein content of cuttings during the time of root induction. There was an increase in the protein content with the passage of time from the day of planting up to its 20th day, followed by a sharp decline in the protein content of cuttings at the 30th day of planting, irrespective of the age of donor plants or the treatment of cuttings with auxins. Irrespective of donor plant age, PER-activity in the cuttings increased from the day of their planting for rooting up to the 20th day, and then declined at its 30th day of planting. It was interesting to note that PER-activity remained higher at all stages in the cuttings of 2-month-old seedlings which rooted profusely as compared to the cuttings of 15- and 30-year-old donor plants those rooted poorly. This study suggested that the exogenously applied NAA and IBA at different concentration seems to activate sugar metabolism for release of energy, protein and PER-activity which are necessary for cellular division and differentiation during adventitious root primordium initiation or development in the rooting zone of shoot cuttings.     

Euphorbia abyssinica latex promotes rooting of Boswellia cuttings

Traditional knowledge in northern Ethiopia points towards the root-stimulating properties of the latex found in Euphorbia abyssinica (EAG). Stem cuttings of EAG as well as cuttings of other species treated with EAG latex reportedly root easily in dry soil. This could be attributable to endogenous auxins contained in the latex. We screened EAG latex for auxins and precursor molecules using analytical LC-MS/MS, and tested the effect of EAG latex on the rooting of woody cuttings of Boswellia papyrifera, a threatened multipurpose tree. The EAG latex contained indole acetic acid (IAA) (0.06 μg/g latex), an auxin controlling apical dominance and lateral rooting, as well as IAA metabolites and conjugates. Boswellia cuttings treated with EAG latex rooted significantly sooner and showed higher survival ratios than untreated controls. EAG is widely available and its latex easy to obtain. Therefore it is a promising source of a natural plant growth regulator which may be used for improving low technology vegetative propagation of woody species in East and Northeast Africa, including the threatened Boswellia tree.     

Physiological studies for tropical tree improvement and conservation. Factors affecting root initiation in cuttings of Triplochiton scleroxylon K. Schum.

Applying auxins to freshly cut basal ends of leafy single-node cuttings of Triplochiton scleroxylon, an important timber tree of West Africa, considerably enhanced rooting percentages. The optimal concentrations in 10 μl MeOH droplets of a 50 : 50 mixture of α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) ranged from 8–40 μg according to clone. Larger amounts, which tended to increase numbers of roots per rooted cutting, inhibited root production in some clones. When applied singly, IBA was more effective than NAA in most clones.Leafless cuttings rarely rooted even when treated with auxins. Rooting occurred following the retention of 5 cm² of leaf lamina, and was maximal, as judged by rooting percentages, with 50 cm². The inability of leafless cuttings to root was associated with the rapid depletion of all carbohydrates in stem tissues, while those in unshaded leafy cuttings tended to increase.Percentages of cuttings rooting increased when temperatures of propagating-beds were raised above 20°C, and 28°C was optimal for most clones, especially if treated with auxins. Cutting survival declined above 28°C, although up to 38°C surviving cuttings rooted equally well.     

鹿角杜鹃的扦插试验

采用不同的生根剂、扦插环境及扦插时间对鹿角杜鹃进行扦插繁殖对比试验,结果表明：鹿角杜鹃生根较慢,扦插80 d后才能生根;在不同的季节和以不同的生根剂处理穗条以及不同的生境,其成活率差异明显。7月份扦插的鹿角杜鹃平均成活率达85%,最高达90%;3种不同的生根剂处理,浓度150 mg/L的双吉尔（GGR）处理的插穗扦插成活率明显高于其他几种,其平均成活率达85%,最高达90%。95%的遮阳网下鹿角杜鹃扦插成活率明显高于森林郁闭度达80%的林下,其平均成活率达85%,最高达90%。     

激素处理南方红豆杉扦插生根的研究

应用吲哚乙酸、吲哚丁酸、奈乙酸三种不同的生长素对插条进行处理,探讨它们在不同扦插基质上的生根率。基质配比采用（４,４）单形重心设计,结果重心设计,结果是：三种生长素中以吲哚乙酸对扦插生根的影响最好,基质以４５％黄心土和５５％珍珠岩配比效果最好。插穗浸泡时间不同对扦插生根率也产生了显著影响。     

Variation in Shoot Anatomy and Rooting Behaviour of Stem Cuttings in Relation to Age of Donor Plants in Teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f.)

Shoot anatomical features viz., number of vessel elements, width and length of vessel and fibre elements were studied in relation to juvenility/maturity of teak (Tectona grandis Linn. f.). The findings show significant differences in these features, which indicates that variation in shoot anatomy can be used as a reliable indicator of juvenility/maturity in teak. The effect of age of donor plants and application of auxins on adventitious root formation in single noded leafy stem cuttings of teak was also investigated. Aging of donor trees suppressed rooting and sprouting of cuttings, but increased callus formation at the base of cuttings. Per cent rooting and per cent sprouting in cuttings decreased as age of donor plants increased from 2-months to 15-years and up to 30-years. IBA treatment promoted per cent rooting as well as per cent sprouting, NAA promoted only rooting and it suppressed sprouting. The effect of auxin treatment on rooting and sprouting of teak stem cuttings varied with the age of donor plants. Auxin and its concentration, which suppressed rooting and sprouting in cuttings of younger donor plants, actually promoted rooting when cuttings were taken from more mature donor plants. It appears that the auxin requirement for causing and promoting rooting in teak cuttings increased with increasing age of donor plants. The higher auxin requirement for causing and promoting rooting in cuttings of older trees may be due to a decrease in the content on endogenous auxins or decreased sensitivity of aging tissues to rooting promoters and /or accumulation of inhibitory substances which inhibit rooting.     

墨紫含笑扦插繁殖研究

对墨紫含笑（Michelia crassipes‘Mozi’）不同扦插时间、不同插穗直径的插条成活率进行试验研究。结果表明：墨紫含笑不同扦插时间的插条成活率差异极显著（P<0.01）,春季3月份扦插成活率较高,为60.1%;不同直径扦插穗条的选取对扦插成活率有显著影响（P<0.05）,直径3~6 mm 的半木质化穗条扦插成活率较高,为65.9%。扦插繁殖技术简单、时间短、成本低,对于科研能力较弱、规模化程度低的林场具有一定的优势。     

Rooting of juvenile succulent cuttings from haif‐sib families of Picea abies

Leader shoots from juvenile succulent Norway spruce seedlings were used as cuttings 11 weeks after sowing. The seedlings were grown for 6 additional weeks and then apically dominant and lateral shoots were also used as cuttings. These three cutting categories, leaders, dominants and laterals, rooted 99.4, 99.0 and 97.5 % respectively and performed differently with respect to rooting development, number of roots per cutting and response to IBA and PIBA treatments (synthetic auxins). A large individual variation in number of roots per cutting, which auxin treatments did not reduce, was present within each cutting categoty. Laterals from the three different families included in the study showed a different variation than did leaders and dominants. Generally, the juvenile succulent cuttings were easy to root. Seedlings grown at a rather high light intensity (62 W/m²) had the potential to give good rooting even without hormonal treatments.