共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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为了解茸毛偃麦草(Thinopyrum intermedium ssp.trichophorum)与小麦经过杂交、回交所选育的小偃麦新种质Y176—3的遗传特性,对该系进行了抗条锈性鉴定与:分子细胞学分析。结果表明,Y176—3对当前的条锈病流行小种和新小种免疫。其根尖细胞染色体数目为2n=44,有2对随体,花粉母细胞减数分裂中期I(PMCMI)染色体构型为2n=22Ⅱ。利用C-带分析,观察到Y176-3中可能附加了一对来自茸毛偃麦草的端部有强带的短染色体。以拟鹅观草(Pseudoroegneria spicata,2n=14)DNA作探针、中国春基因组DNA为封阻进行的原位杂交结果表明。Y176-3含有2条较短的茸毛偃麦草染色体,该染色体属于St组,推测新种质Y176-3中导入的来自茸毛偃麦草的St染色体可能携带新的抗条锈病基因。 相似文献
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摘要:本实验以N+(30Kev)注入诱导获得的小偃81突变系M4代种子为材料,采用SDS-PAGE和A-PAGE技术对其高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基和醇溶蛋白进行系统分析,检测到3个高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基缺失系:1Ax1缺失系,1Bx14+1By15缺失系,1Dx2+1Dy12缺失系,出现频率由大到小依次为1Ax1>1Bx14+1By15>1Dx2+1Dy12。醇溶蛋白方面共检测到5种变异类型,1Ax1缺失系有3种突变类型,1Bx14+1By15缺失系和1Dx2+1Dy12缺失系各有1种突变类型,ω区变异类型最多,其次是α区和γ区,β区没有发现变异类型,在5种变异类型中有一条相同的变异谱带。结果表明:N+(30Kev)离子束注入能有效地诱导小麦种子高分子量谷蛋白亚基和醇溶蛋白的变异,并能够在后代中稳定遗传。 相似文献
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为给离子束诱变技术在小麦品质育种方面的应用提供理论依据,以N+ (30Kev)注入诱导获得的小偃81突变系M4 代种子为材料,采用SDSPAGE 和APAGE 技术对其高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基和醇溶蛋白进行系统分析。结果表明,在供试材料中,检测到3个高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基缺失系:1Ax1缺失系、1Bx14+1By15缺失系和1Dx2+1Dy12缺失系,出现频率由大到小依次为1Ax1>1Bx14+1By15>1Dx2+1Dy12。检测到5种醇溶蛋白变异类型,其中,1Ax1 缺失系有3 种突变类型,1Bx14+1By15 缺失系和1Dx2+1Dy12缺失系各有1种突变类型,ω区变异类型最多,其次是α和γ区,β区没有发现变异类型,在5种变异类型中有一条相同的变异谱带。以上结果说明,N+离子束注入能有效地诱导小麦种子高分子量谷蛋白亚基和醇溶蛋白的变异,并能够在后代中稳定遗传。 相似文献
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为探讨醇溶蛋白在小麦杂种后代的遗传特点,选用2个小麦杂交组合(苏引10号×晋农190、晋麦47×晋农190),用酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(APAGE,pH 3.1)对其亲本及后代材料(F_1、F_2代)进行了电泳分析.结果表明,醇溶蛋白在F_1代表现出共显性和倾母性(剂量效应)遗传特点;F_2代蛋白谱带发生分离,具体表现为:Gli-13.9、23.2、26.0、34.8、40.2、46.2、50.0、71.5、73.8等9个组分的分离符合一对基因的分离规律,而Gli-12.7、15.7、16.5、19.1、26.9、30.5、30.8、32.2、76.8等9个组分的分离符合两对基因的分离规律;Gli-17.8既不符合一对基因的分离规律,又不符合两对基因的分离规律.这表明前9种蛋白受控于一对基因,后9种蛋白受控于两对基因;最后一种蛋白尚无法确定,需借助双向电泳做进一步研究. 相似文献
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离子束介导大豆DNA转入普通小麦后代的麦谷蛋白和醇溶蛋白分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为了研究离子束介导大豆DNA转入普通小麦的效果,应用SDS-PAGE和A-PAGE电泳分析了离子注入介导大豆DNA转入普通小麦后代中高蛋白含量植株的麦谷蛋白和醇溶蛋白。SDS-PAGE电泳结果表明,与对照相比有8个高蛋白含量植株的HMW-GS谱带数目发生了变化或着色增强。A-PAGE电泳结果表明,与对照相比有9个高蛋白含量植株的醇溶蛋白谱带数目及着色强度发生了变化。说明离子束介导大豆DNA转入普通小麦后代中的高蛋白含量植株在醇溶蛋白和麦谷蛋白基因位点上可能出现了变异。 相似文献
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波兰小麦醇溶蛋白遗传变异分析 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
为了解波兰小麦物种的遗传变异水平和种内不同材料间的遗传关系,利用APAGE技术对72份来源于全世界的波兰小麦材料醇溶蛋白位点进行了检测。结果表明,波兰小麦醇溶蛋白位点存在丰富的变异类型,共产生48条迁移率不同的醇溶蛋白谱带,每个材料具有8~24条不等,平均16.2条。材料间平均遗传相似系数(GS)为0.5132,变幅为0.1429~1.000。当GS水平为0.50时,所有材料可聚为4个大类,其中CItr13919等16个来源于埃塞俄比亚的材料均聚在一起,而另一大类为5份来自于葡萄牙的材料。可以认为,APAGE揭示的种内遗传关系与其地理分布有一定的相关性。 相似文献
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中间偃麦草 (Thinpyrum intermedium =Agropyon intermedium =Eltrigia intermedia ,2 n=6 x=4 2 ,E1E1E2 E2 XX)和硬粒小麦 (Triticum durum,2 n=2 8,AABB)具有抗锈病、白粉病、大麦黄叶病毒 (BYDV)、根腐病及抗蚜、抗小麦蝇蚊、抗旱、耐寒、耐盐碱及高蛋白等许多有益基因。通过远缘杂交把它们的抗性基因及其它有利基因转入普通小麦的工作 ,有十分重要的意义。世界上许多国家相继开展了此方面的研究工作 ,并取得了很多成果。本文综合论述了中间偃麦草和硬粒小麦在小麦远缘杂交育种中的研究进展情况 ,并对二者的利用潜力和前景进行了探讨。 相似文献
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中间偃麦草和硬粒小麦在小麦远缘杂交育种中的利用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
中间偃麦草和硬料小麦具有抗锈病,白粉病,大麦黄叶病毒,根腐病及抗蚜,抗小麦蝇蚊,抗旱,耐寒、耐盐碱及高蛋白等许多有益基因。通过远缘杂交把它们的抗性基因及其它有利基因转入普通小麦的工作,有十分重要的意义。 相似文献
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抗赤霉病小麦地方品种的贮藏蛋白分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用A-PAGE和SDS-PAGE方法,对来自不同地方的23个抗赤霉病小麦地方品种的醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白亚基进行了分析。结果表明,在A-PAGE电泳分析中,23个供试品种具有23种不同的醇溶蛋白带型,共分离出39条相对迁移率不同的谱带,其中31条具有多态性,占86.8%,每份材料可电泳出14~23条带,存在着广泛的等位基因变异。在SDS-PAGE电泳分析中,出现了9种不同的高分子量谷蛋白亚基及6种亚基组合类型,优质亚基及亚基组合所占的比例较少,品质评分较低,其变幅为5~9分,平均为6.8分。 相似文献
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小麦新品种川农16与99E18的SSR及贮藏蛋白差异分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了更好地识别川农16的遗传基因特性,为充分利用优异材料99E18改良川农16提供理论依据,应用简单重复序列(SSR)标记、酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(A-PAGE)和十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)对小麦新品种川农16与高抗优质材料99E18间的遗传差异进行了检测与分析。SSR标记检测结果表明川农16与99E18在DNA水平上存在明显差异。A-PAGE分析显示川农16与99E18间至少有12条醇溶蛋白差异带。SDS-PAGE分析表明川农16和99E18的高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成分别为(1,20.5 10)和(1,7 8,5 10)。 相似文献
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We show that the wheat proteins gluten, gliadin and glutenin can be compression molded into thermoplastic films with good tensile strength and water stability. Wheat gluten is inexpensive, abundantly available, derived from renewable resource and therefore widely studied for potential thermoplastic applications. However, previous reports on developing thermoplastics from wheat proteins have used high amounts of glycerol (30-40%) and low molding temperature (90-120 °C) resulting in thermoplastics with poor tensile properties and water stability making them unsuitable for most thermoplastic applications. In this research, we have developed thermoplastic films from wheat gluten, gliadin and glutenin using low glycerol concentration (15%) but high molding temperatures (100-150 °C). Our research shows that wheat protein films with good tensile strength (up to 6.7 MPa) and films that were stable in water can be obtained by choosing appropriate compression molding conditions. Among the wheat proteins, wheat gluten has high strength and elongation whereas glutenin with and without starch had high strength and modulus but relatively low elongation. Gliadin imparts good extensibility but decreased the water stability of gluten films. Gliadin films had strength of 2.2 MPa and good elongation of 46% but the films were unstable in water. Although the tensile properties of wheat protein films are inferior compared to synthetic thermoplastic films, the type of wheat proteins and compression molding conditions can be chosen to obtain wheat protein films with properties suitable for various applications. 相似文献
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The effect of low levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and a combination of the two on the distribution of polymeric and monomeric proteins in two high quality spring bread wheat cultivars was investigated for two consecutive seasons. Size exclusion-high performance liquid chromatography (SE-HPLC) was used to determine the quantity and relationships of monomeric and polymeric proteins, and their relationship with flour protein content (FPC) and SDS sedimentation volume (SDSS). The low nitrogen and combined low nitrogen and low phosphorus treatments had a much larger effect on the protein fractions than the low phosphorus treatment alone. The SDS-soluble large monomeric protein fraction and the percentage SDS-insoluble monomeric proteins, were significantly increased under low nitrogen and a combination of low nitrogen and low phosphorus treatments. The percentage SDS-insoluble large and total polymeric proteins was significantly reduced under low nitrogen and a combination of low nitrogen and phosphorus treatments. The SDS-soluble and -insoluble small polymeric proteins were significantly increased under both low nitrogen and a combination of low nitrogen and low phosphorus treatments. The low nitrogen treatment consistently caused the lowest FPC and SDSS values. Under low nitrogen conditions, there was a significant positive correlation between the SDS-soluble gliadins and SDSS, and FPC. 相似文献
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Crude gliadin and glutenin fractions were studied using Large Amplitude Oscillatory measurements. LAOS measurements were carried out at three different frequencies (20, 10, 1 rad/sec) between the strain values of 0.01–200%. The beginning of non-linearity for glutenin occurred at ∼2.5%, while an initial region of strain hardening was observed for gliadin (2.5–10%) at 1 rad/sec frequency and up to 15% at the higher frequencies applied. Lissajous curves showed in the elastic analysis of both fractions glutenin was more elastically dominated since Lissajous curves were narrower, while for gliadin the ellipses were much broader suggesting more fluid-like behavior and each ellipse depended on the magnitude of frequency. Decreasing frequency increased the viscous behavior of both glutenin and gliadin in the non-linear region, but the change in gliadin was much more pronounced. Gliadin molecules only display intramolecular disulfide bonds creating a great deal of mobility whereas for glutenin molecules, which contain both intermolecular and intramolecular disulfide bonds, the strong network structure formed by this molecular arrangement results in very pronounced strain stiffening. 相似文献
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John P. Melnyk Jens Dreisoerner Massimo F. Marcone Koushik Seetharaman 《Journal of Cereal Science》2012
The functional properties of wheat are largely dictated by composition and interactions of the gluten proteins. All flours contain gliadin and glutenin, but produce baked products of varying quality, which provides evidence that gluten proteins from different wheats possess different properties. A common method to study differences in gluten properties, which is utilized in this study, is fractionation/reconstitution experiments to understand how various gliadin to glutenin ratios and how fractions from different wheat sources affect gluten aggregation properties. Gliadin and glutenin from a vital wheat gluten were fractionated with 70% ethanol and reconstituted at various gliadin to glutenin ratios. Gliadin and glutenin from a Canadian eastern soft, eastern hard and western hard wheat (14% moisture) were fractionated and substituted between flours at the native gliadin to glutenin ratio. Gluten combinations were evaluated with a Gluten Peak Tester at constant temperature and mixing. Varying gliadin to glutenin ratio showed that 50:50 is optimal for fast gluten aggregation while amount of glutenin dictates strength. Substitution experiments showed that replacing good quality gluten fractions with those from a lower quality wheat decreases gluten quality, and vice versa. Data also showed that cultivar specific differences in gliadin and glutenin are more important in dictating gluten strength (torque), while gliadin to glutenin ratio dictates aggregation time (PMT) independent of the source of fractions. The study demonstrated the ability of the improved method to evaluate gluten aggregation by controlling for all variables except the one being tested. The data also revealed information about gluten aggregation properties never before seen. 相似文献
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利用反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)分离小麦胚乳醇溶蛋白的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
为了研究洗脱时间、柱温、流速、洗脱梯度、蛋白提取方法等色谱条件对反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)分离小麦胚乳醇溶蛋白的影响,对上述条件分别进行了对比试验.结果表明,利用RP-HPLC分离小麦胚乳醇溶蛋白的最佳实验方法为:通过0.05 mol/L NaCl→H2O→70%乙醇三步提取醇溶蛋白,在1.0mL/min的流速、60℃的柱温条件下,对上样醇溶蛋白进行洗脱,洗脱梯度为流动相B的体积比在55 min内由21%升至48%(V/V),最后通过210 nm紫外光检测洗脱组分的吸收值.重复三次的检验结果证实,本试验方法稳定可靠. 相似文献
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本文主要介绍了小麦高、低分子量谷蛋白亚基及其控制基因的研究进展情况,包括各种不同的研究技术以及相应的研究结果。除了传统的SDS-PAGE技术以外,分子标记技术以及免疫化学技术都在该领域中得到日益广泛的应用,并取得了关于亚基及基因的多态性和快速鉴别方法等一系列重要的研究进展。 相似文献