猪A组轮状病毒Vp7基因与乳酸菌非抗性表达载体的重组及在大肠杆菌中的表达

轮状病毒（Rotavirus，RV）属于呼肠孤病毒科（Reoviridae）、轮状病毒属（Rotaviras），作为婴幼儿和动物腹泻的主要病原，在世界范围内广泛流行，每年造成巨大损失。鉴于其危害严重且无有效治疗手段，世界卫生组织将RV疫苗列为最优先发展的疫苗项目之一，尤其是它的基因工程疫苗的研制更为重要。     

轮状病毒感染的免疫保护机制

轮状病毒(Rotavirus,RV)是引起婴幼儿和幼龄动物急性腹泻和死亡的重要病原体,占所有肠道感染病因的50%以上,在全球已成为一项重要的公共卫生问题.发展RV疫苗、预防RV性腹泻是刻不容缓的任务.然而当今的侯选疫苗并不能达到预防所有RV胃肠炎的目标.     

轮状病毒疫苗的研究进展

轮状病毒（RV）是引起全球婴幼儿腹泻的主要病源之一,它不仅在发展中国家流行,也在发达国家流行。有研究表明改变卫生条件并不能有效制止轮状病毒的传播。疫苗接种是唯一可行的预防控制轮状病毒较高发病率和死亡率的方法,因此轮状病毒疫苗的研发具有非常重要的现实意义。论文针对近几年来研发的轮状病毒疫苗作一综述。     

轮状病毒疫苗的研究进展

轮状病毒(RV)是引起全球婴幼儿腹泻的主要病源之一,它不仅在发展中国家流行,也在发达国家流行.有研究表明改变卫生条件并不能有效制止轮状病毒的传播.疫苗接种是唯一可行的预防控制轮状病毒较高发病率和死亡率的方法,因此轮状病毒疫苗的研发具有非常重要的现实意义.论文针对近几年来研发的轮状病毒疫苗作一综述.     

轮状病毒概况及其疫苗的研究进展

轮状病毒(Rotavirus,RV)是引起婴幼儿腹泻的主要病原体之一,严重时引发致命性胃肠炎,甚至会因为脱水而导致死亡。世界上几乎每个孩子都至少感染过一次轮状病毒,且无特效药治疗,严重威胁人类健康,造成严重的经济损失。每次感染后都会增强免疫力,因此接种疫苗成为预防轮状病毒的最好手段。世界卫生组织已将轮状病毒疫苗纳入计划免疫程序。文章就轮状病毒结构和分类,轮状病毒疫苗的发展及其应用现状,新型疫苗的研究进展和轮状病毒外壳蛋白在不同体系下的表达情况予以综述。     

轮状病毒NSP2与动力蛋白中间链相互作用介导其病毒质的形成

正轮状病毒(Rotavirus,RV)是导致儿童、仔猪和许多其它幼年动物严重脱水性胃肠炎的病原之一。尽管在医疗卫生系统和兽医领域已开展了十余年的RV疫苗的免疫工作,但它仍持续威胁低收入国家儿童的健康,同时也给养猪业造成严重的经济损失。因此急需深入了解RV的复制特性,开发有效防控RV感染的策略。RV复制的主要场所为病毒质,它的形成对病毒的有效复制尤为重要。     

轮状病毒感染的免疫逃避及病理损伤机制

轮状病毒(Rotavirus,RV)是一种人兽共患病病原,能够引起幼龄动物和婴幼儿发生腹泻疾病,危害人和动物身体健康。目前尚无特效治疗药治疗该病。RV NSP1是其逃避宿主先天性免疫应答的关键蛋白,具有介导IRFs、RIG-I、β-Tr CP、TRAFs和STATs等宿主免疫应答通路中的重要分子降解的功能,从而逃避宿主免疫。RV在感染宿主细胞过程中,可以破坏微循环,感染导致小肠绒毛细胞死亡脱落;RV NSP4蛋白介导多种离子非正常转运;刺激肠神经系统等多种途径致使机体产生病理损伤,发生腹泻甚至严重可致死亡。了解轮状病毒感染后的免疫逃避机制和病理损伤机制对于研制高效疫苗和靶向药物具有一定的指导意义。     

猪轮状病毒病原学研究进展

猪轮状病毒(Porcine rotavirus,RV)属于呼肠孤病毒科、轮状病毒属,是一种引起猪群发生消化道疾病的病毒,又称胃肠炎,一般发生于1～8周龄的仔猪群,引起腹泻、呕吐、食欲废绝、脱水等症状.猪轮状病毒1974年第一次从猪粪便中分离得到后陆续各国出现该病毒的报道,呈现全球分布,引起了世界各国的重视.而中国是在1982年被阙玲玲在台湾首次发现,随后全国各省陆续出现该病毒的相关报道.对于猪轮状病毒还没有特效的治疗药物,未研制出优质的疫苗,研究前景十分可观.作为人畜共患病原,RV极大危害着人类和动物的健康,威胁人类生命健康安全,导致巨大的经济损失,是全球范围内一个重要的公共卫生问题.     

猪轮状病毒病

轮状病毒(RV)是包括猪在内的多种新生动物的重要的肠道病原.轮状病毒病是RV引起的仔猪、犊牛、羔羊、驹、幼兔及新生婴儿的急性胃肠炎,特征为急性腹泻.本病分布很广. 　　……     

轮状病毒的分子生物学及免疫研究进展

自1968年Mebus等[1]首次从犊牛粪便中分离出轮状病毒(Rotavirus,RV)以来,人们逐渐发现该病毒是引起婴儿及多种幼龄动物非菌性腹泻的主要病原之一[2].     

抗轮状病毒IgY的研制

用鸡卵黄制备抗轮病毒（RV）免疫球蛋白，预测和治疗婴幼儿RV感染，制备RV抗原，通过不同途径免疫母鸡，几种纯化方法联合应用从鸡卵中提取特异性鸡卵黄抗体（IgY),进行原理化学检定及动物效力实验，结论：已成功地应用RV免疫母鸡制备出高效价特异性抗RV－IgV.     

Detection of rinderpest virus antigens in vitro and in vivo by direct immunofluorescence

Cell-culture attenuated and virulent strains of rinderpest virus (RV) were inoculated on to bovine kidney cell cultures. A direct immunofluorescent antibody test detected RV antigens in cell cultures within one to three days after inoculation whereas RV cytopathic effects usually took three to nine days to develop. Cells containing RV antigens were also detected in impression smears and frozen sections of tissues collected from RV infected animals at post mortem examination, and in smears of lymph node biopsies taken from cattle with clinical rinderpest. These techniques may offer additional methods for rapid diagnosis of rinderpest.     

狂犬病病毒分子特征与检测技术的研究进展

狂犬病(rabies)是由狂犬病病毒(rabies virus,RV)引起的一种人兽共患传染病,一旦发病,病死率几乎为100%,严重威胁着人类的健康。文章综述了狂犬病病毒的生物学特征及抗原和抗体检测方法,为临床控制此病建立合理有效的检测方法提供参考。     

狂犬病病毒的分子生物学研究进展

狂犬病是由狂犬病病毒引起的一种急性致死性人兽共患病,危害极大,因此,对狂犬病病毒的研究已成为一大热点。目前各国研究的重点主要集中在其病毒的分子生物学方面,以便更有效地防制本病。文章从病毒基因组及其编码的蛋白、致病机理等方面系统综述了狂犬病病毒分子生物学方面的研究进展,为该病的早期诊断、有效预防和控制该病提供理论基础。     

A群猪轮状病毒JS株vp7基因序列分析

根据已发表的猪轮状病毒OSU毒株vp7基因核苷酸序列ORF两端保守区序列,设计一对特异引物,以猪轮状病毒JS毒株反转录cDNA为模板,通过PCR方法扩增出长约1000 bp目的片段。将其进行T-A克隆、序列测定和分析。结果表明,vp7基因全长1062 bp,含有一个981 bp的开放阅读框,编码326个氨基酸。与已知的15个毒株vp7全长基因的核苷酸及推导的氨基酸序列比较,同源性分别为74.5%～78.5%和75.2%～83.1%,核苷酸系统发育进化树结果表明,JS毒株与轮状病毒G9型参考毒株ICB2185、O-1亲缘关系较近,分为一个群,表明JS毒株血清型为G9型。目前,我国尚未见猪及其它动物轮状病毒G9型流行株的报道。     

狂犬病病毒G蛋白的克隆表达及其抗体胶体金检测试纸条的研制

狂犬病(Rabies)是一种由狂犬病病毒(RV)引起的急性人兽共患传染病,一旦发病,死亡率几乎为100％.为快速检测狂犬病病毒IgG抗体,本研究首先克隆表达并纯化狂犬病病毒G蛋白,应用G蛋白作为抗原,G蛋白单克隆抗体制备C线,鼠抗犬IgG和鼠抗猫IgG标记T线,经条件优化后,建立了一种能够用于快速检测动物狂犬病病毒血清...     

First Isolation of Rotavirus Associated with Neonatal Diarrhoea in Guanacos (Lama guanicoe) in the Argentinean Patagonia Region

Group A rotavirus (RV) and coronavirus (CV) are common viral pathogens associated with neonatal diarrhoea in numerous animal species. The purpose of this work was to investigate the presence of these viral agents in two farm populations of captured guanacos (Lama guanicoe) in the Argentinean Patagonia region, that developed severe diarrhoea outbreaks. Stool and serum samples were analysed for RV and bovine CV antigen and antibody by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Rotavirus was detected in faeces from two new‐born guanacos with acute diarrhoea, one in each farm. After electrophoretic analysis, each isolated strain, showed a distinctive long dsRNA electropherotype characteristic of group A rotaviruses (4:2:3:2). In addition, 95% (38 of 40) of the sampled animals were positive for RV antibodies, suggesting a high prevalence of RV infection in the populations tested. No evidence of CV circulation by antigen or antibody analysis was observed. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the detection and isolation of RV associated with neonatal diarrhoea in Lama guanicoe.     

An epidemiological model of rinderpest. II. Simulations of the behaviour of rinderpest virus in populations

Fixed parameters for different hypothetical strains of rinderpest virus (RV) and different susceptible populations are described together with details of their derivation. Simulations were then carried out in a computer model to determine the effects that varying these parameters would have on the behaviour of RV in the different populations. The results indicated that virulent strains of RV are more likely to behave in epidemic fashion whereas milder strains tend towards persistence and the establishment of endemicity. High herd immunity levels prevent virus transmission and low herd immunity levels encourage epidemic transmission. Intermediate levels of immunity assist the establishment of endemicity. The virus is able to persist in large populations for longer than in small populations. Different vaccination strategies were also investigated. In areas where vaccination is inefficient annual vaccination of all stock may be the best policy for inducing high levels of herd immunity. In endemic areas and in herds recovering from epidemics the prevalence of clinically affected animals may be very low. In these situations veterinary officers are more likely to find clinical cases by examining cattle for mouth lesions rather than by checking for diarrhoea or high mortalities.     

Detection and genetic diversity of porcine rotavirus A,B and C in eastern Australian piggeries

Rotaviruses (RV) have a high prevalence in piggeries worldwide and are one of the major pathogens causing severe diarrhoea in young pigs. RV species A, B, and C have been linked to piglet diarrhoea in Australian pig herds, but their genetic diversity has not been studied in detail. Based on sequencing of the structural viral protein 7 (VP7) RVA G genotypes G3, G4 and G5, and RVC types G1, G3, G5, and G6 have been identified in Australian piggeries in previous studies. Although occurrence of RVB was reported in Australia in 1988, no further genetic analysis has been conducted. To improve health management decisions in Australian pig herds, more information on RV prevalence and genetic diversity is needed. Here, 243 enteric samples collected from 20 pig farms within Eastern Australia were analysed for the presence of RV in different age groups using a novel PCR-based multiplex assay (Pork MultiPath™ enteric panel). RVA, RVB, and RVC were detected in 10, 14, and 14 farms, respectively. Further sequencing of VP7 in selected RV-positive samples revealed G genotypes G2, G5, G9 (RVA), G6, G8, G14, G16, G20 (RVB), and G1, G3, G5, G6 (RVC) present. RVA was only detected in young (<10 weeks old) pigs whereas RVB and RVC were also detected in older animals (>11 weeks old). Interestingly, RVB and RVC G-type occurrence differed between age groups. In conclusion, this study provides new insights on the prevalence and diversity of different RV species in pig herds of Eastern Australia whilst demonstrating the ability of the Pork MultiPath™ technology to accurately differentiate between these RV species.