中国部分板栗品种的SSR标记

从板栗(Castanea mollissima)燕红中分离到25个SSR标记。为了鉴定这些SSR位点,在重复序列的两侧侧翼序列设计引物,并通过化学荧光检测法对6个板栗样品进行检测,共检测到20个多态性位点,每个位点的等位基因数为2~6个。挑选12个位点,通过半自动系统ABI PRISM377对中国北方24个板栗品种进行分析,这12个标记显示了高达75个等位基因的遗传多态性,每个位点的等位基因为4~10个,平均为6.3个,预期的平均杂合性为0.743(介于0.680~0.845),观察值为0.829(介于0.730~0.930)。无效等位基因估算频率显示为3个位点的正向价值,除了一个位点外,这些价值都很低,鉴定几率为7.01×10-11,亲缘关系鉴定几率非常高,为0.999,足够用于花粉流的研究。     

山西芝麻种质资源SSR遗传多样性及群体结构分析

为探明山西芝麻种质资源的遗传特性,本研究利用30对简单重复序列标记(SSR)对71份山西芝麻种质资源进行遗传多样性分析及群体结构分析。结果表明,30对SSR标记共检测到144个等位基因位点,平均每个SSR标记4.800个等位基因;有效等位基因数在1.058~5.149之间,平均2.805个;Shannon指数变幅为0.128~1.813,平均为1.096;Nei's遗传多样性指数变幅为0.055~0.806,平均为0.558;多态性信息含量变幅为0.053~0.783,平均为0.515。基于SSR标记对参试材料进行聚类分析,遗传相似系数为0.21~0.67,在遗传相似系数0.27处将参试材料分为6个类群;基于SSR标记对参试材料进行群体结构分析,将参试材料划分为5个组群。综上所述,山西芝麻种质资源间遗传差异相对较高,具有丰富的遗传多样性,在今后芝麻种质资源创制利用中,加大山西芝麻种质资源的开发与利用,可为芝麻品种遗传改良和优异基因发掘奠定良好的基础。     

基于抗病功能基因标记的中国三系杂交水稻骨干亲本遗传多样性研究

为探究实现水稻广谱持久抗性育种,以及水稻病害的有效防治,本研究利用文献中报道的与抗稻瘟病及白叶枯病相关的43个功能基因相关标记,研究了76个中国籼型(Oryza sativa ssp.indica)三系杂交水稻骨干亲本的遗传多样性。结果显示,36个标记具有多态性,多态性位点百分率(P)81.81%,共检测到87个等位基因位点;其中有效等位基因(Ne)61.96个,占71.22%,Nei’s遗传多样性指数(He)变幅为0.358~0.974,平均值0.629。76份材料间的遗传相似系数(Gs)变幅为0.341~0.925,平均值0.550。采用UPGMA法进行聚类分析,在遗传相似系数0.624处分为保持系和恢复系两类。保持系和恢复系间的遗传分化系数(Fst)为0.158,呈高度遗传分化,Nei遗传距离(D)0.201。结果显示,功能基因相关标记具有较高的DNA多态性检测效率,用于类群划分和种质资源的多样性分析等方面更具准确性和可靠性;中国三系杂交稻骨干亲本在43个功能基因位点的亲缘关系较近,遗传基础狭窄,同源性较高。但保持系群和恢复群系间在这些功能基因位点的遗传差异较大,遗传分化程度较高。研究结果提示,所研究材料在DNA水平存在丰富的杂种优势利用空间,特别随着更多更细的功能基因位点的发掘,为水稻分子辅助抗性选育以及病害防治提供了有效的实现途径。     

微卫星标记分析我国南方常规水稻品种的遗传差异

利用12个DNA微卫星标记对2005-2007年参加南方稻区国家水稻品种区域试验的23个长江中下游早籼、晚粳和华南早籼常规品种进行标记检测,结果共检测到等位基因47个,平均每个标记3.9个,变幅2～7个,多态性频率（FP）平均值0.632,变幅0.403～0.842。遗传差异分析表明：长江中下游早籼与长江中下游晚粳(平均遗传相似系数AGSC=0.036)、华南早籼与长江中下游晚粳（AGSC=0.125）品种间的遗传差异明显,长江中下游早籼与华南早籼（AGSC=0.449）品种间的遗传差异中等,华南早籼（AGSC=0.606）、长江中下游早籼（AGSC=0.682）、长江中下游晚粳（AGSC=0.761）品种间的遗传差异较小。     

东南亚62个籼型水稻亲本SSR遗传多样性分析

为探讨东南亚水稻亲本间的遗传多样性,以东南亚62份籼型水稻亲本为材料,选择29对水稻功能基因标记以及平均分布于12条染色体、多态性较高和条带清晰的72对SSR引物进行遗传多样性和聚类分析。结果表明,32对多态性引物在62份水稻材料中检测到201个等位基因,每个位点等位基因数(Na)变异范围为2~12,平均为6.281;有效等位基因数(Ne)变异范围为1.067~5.399,平均为2.867;多态信息含量(PIC)变异范围为0.061~0.789,平均为0.515;平均Shannon信息指数(I)为1.176,变幅为0.143~1.908;观察杂合度(Ho)为0.977,范围为0.936~1.000;期望杂合度(He)为0.439,范围为0.179~0.937;固定指数(Fis)的范围为0.882~1.000;基因流(Nm)的范围为0~0.0157。聚类分析表明,在遗传相似系数为0.805处,东南亚水稻亲本被分为6大类,同一国家大多数品种聚为一类。相对于普通分子标记,功能基因标记的平均等位基因数不高,其遗传多样性参数也低于普通分子标记,东南亚各国水稻品种间的亲缘关系较近,遗传多样性程度较低。研究结果为水稻育种亲本选配、新种质资源的创制以及杂种优势利用等提供了科学依据。     

SSR分子标记与玉米杂种优势关系的研究

选择较为均匀地分布于玉米（Zea mays)10对染色体上的71对SSR引物，在17个自交系间共检测出384个等位基因变异，每对引物检出2－12个等位基因，平均为5．4个，每个SSR位点的多态信息量（PIC）变化于0．278－0．896之间，平均为0．672。利用384个多态性SSR标记位点计算了17个自交系之间的遗传相似系数（GS），其范围在0．681－0．873之间，平均为0．740。以SSR标记遗传相似系为原始数据，按UPGMA方法对17个自交系进行聚类分析，以相似系数0．750为标准，可将17个自交系分为6类，聚类结果和已知系谱关系十分吻合。根据直线相关分析，自交系间SSR分子标记遗传距离与产量及杂种优质相关极显著，但相关系数较小，分别为0．443和0．310。分群后进行的相关分析表明，遗传距离与产量以及遗传距离与杂种优势的相关系数分别提高到0．682和0．609，均达到极显著水平。因此，合理分类，并选择合适的自交系配制组合，可避免群内自交系间杂交，减少育种的盲目性和工作量。     

致病疫霉基因组微卫星标记开发

致病疫霉(Phytophthora infestans)引起的马铃薯晚疫病是影响马铃薯生产的第一大真菌病害.通过致病疫霉基因组开发微卫星标记,旨为致病疫霉群体遗传结构研究提供更系统、有效的标记.利用软件SciRoKo和ClustalX对致病疫霉基因组中微卫星序列长度≥25 bp的适合标记开发的位点及两端序列进行筛选.然后在这些位点的两端序列上设计专一性PCR扩增引物,选择9株致病疫霉菌对引物的专一性和微卫星的多态性进行检测.最后利用40株不同年份和地理来源的致病疫霉菌株对可行性微卫星标记进行等位基因数的确定及其多态性评估,然后选取部分标记对40株致病疫霉群体进行遗传多样性分析.共获得了33个具多态性的微卫星标记,占开发总数的28.7％,其多态信息含量(PIC)值都在0.164～0.614之间,其中PIC≥0.5的标记有7个,0.25 ＜PIC＜0.5的标记有25个,PIC≤0.25的有1个.发现致病疫霉微卫星基因型与其交配型及地理来源有一定相关性,与甲霜灵敏感性不相关.本研究开发出一批具有多态性微卫星标记,为致病疫霉群体遗传学研究机理提供更多多态性高,稳定性强的分子标记.     

基于SNP标记的504份番茄种质资源遗传多样性分析

为深入了解番茄种质资源的遗传多样性,运用竞争性等位基因特异性PCR(KASP)技术,利用前期筛选出的60对多态性较高的单核苷酸多态性标记(SNP),对收集的504份番茄种质资源进行遗传多样性分析、聚类分析、主成分分析及群体结构分析。结果表明,60个SNP分子标记共检测到181个等位基因,基因多样性平均值为0.450,期望杂合率(He)平均值为0.069,多态性信息值(PIC)变化范围为0.171~0.583,平均值为0.381。在遗传距离为0.36时,504份番茄材料被划分为7个类群,各材料间的平均遗传距离为0.62;根据主成分分析结果将群体分为3个类群;基于SNP标记对参试材料进行群体结构分析,在K=3时,504份番茄种质资源被划分为3类。本研究筛选出的60对SNP标记的多态性为中度偏高,番茄种质资源遗传多样性较丰富,可为后续宁夏地区番茄的核心种质构建及种质资源的有效利用提供理论依据。     

利用SSR标记对中国柚类资源及近缘种遗传多样性研究

利用SSR标记研究了122份我国柚(CitrusgrandisOsbesk)类资源及近缘种遗传多样性。31对SSR引物从供试材料中检测出335个等位基因变异,平均每个位点可检测到9.85个等位基因。位点多态信息量(PIC)变幅为0.1939!0.9073,平均为0.7085。用UPGMA方法将122份材料分成7个组群,110个柚类品种在相似系数0.712,可细分成18个亚组,主要由沙田柚品种群、文旦柚品种群及庞大的杂种柚品种群组成。     

马氏珠母贝生长性状与EST-SSR标记的关联分析

马氏珠母贝(Pinctada martensii)生长性状属于数量性状,为了筛选与马氏珠母贝生长性状位点连锁的分子标记,本研究利用50对多态性SSR引物对选系F4的90个个体的遗传多样性进行了研究,并利用SPSS16.0软件线性模型(GLM)进行了体质量、壳长、壳高和壳宽与标记的关联分析。结果表明,50对SSR引物在90个样本中共检测到204个等位基因,等位基因数(Ne)在2～9之间,平均等位基因4.080,有效等位基因数(Na)为2.574;观察杂合度(Ho)、期望杂合度(He)和多态信息含量(PIC)分别为0.534、0.543和0.491;共检测到15个SSR标记与4个生长性状具有显著相关性(P<0.05),其他35个标记与性状的相关性未达到显著水平(P>0.05);7个SSR标记与体质量显著相关(P<0.05),6个SSR标记与壳长显著相关(P<0.05),6个SSR标记与壳高显著相关(P<0.05),4个SSR标记和壳宽显著相关(P<0.05)。对同一标记不同基因型间进行多重比较,分别找到了4个性状的优势基因型。本研究筛选了与生长性状位点连锁的标记,为后续的分子标记辅助育种提供技术支撑。     

分子标记技术在杉木研究中的应用

综述了分子标记技术在杉木种质资源鉴定、群体遗传多样性研究、遗传连锁图谱构建和数量性状位点(QTL)定位及分子标记辅助选择育种等方面的应用进展,指出目前该方面研究存在的问题,并展望了分子标记技术在杉木研究中的应用前景     

Genetic diversity and relationship of Guinea yam (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Dioscorea cayenensis</Emphasis> Lam.–<Emphasis Type="Italic">D. rotundata</Emphasis> Poir. complex) germplasm in Benin (West Africa) using microsatellite markers

Guinea yam (Dioscorea cayenensis–D. rotundata complex) is an important tuber crop that highly contributes to food security and poverty alleviation in Benin. The knowledge and understanding of the extent of genetic variation of Guinea yam germplasm is important for planning of the genetic conservation, and the utilisation of this resource. The objective of this study was to assess the genetic diversity and relationships of 64 yam landraces whose dried chips are considered as resistant to insect attacks using 41 simple sequence repeat. Among these primers, 13 were found to be polymorphic, giving 113 polymorphic alleles. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 4 (Ym50) to 13 (Ym29), with an average of 8.69. Unique allele was observed with some landraces (Singou and Tchakatchaka) and can be considered as unique gene and use in yam breeding program. The mean polymorphic information content values for all markers used was 0.76 and ranged between 0.58 and 0.91 in loci YM3 and YM32 respectively. The genetic distance of yam landraces ranged from 0.45 (Yasoubagarou) to 0.04 (Assinapeira and Alahina), indicating that the yam germplasm has a high degree of genetic diversity supported by an averagely observed heterozygosity of 0.78. Cluster analysis using unweighted pair group method with arithmetic average grouped the 64 yam landraces into two distinct clusters. This tendency was also observed in the principal coordinate analysis. The analysis of molecular variance revealed that 96 % of the variation was found within the population and only 4 % between the populations. Genetic diversity and relationship assessments among the 64 yam landraces of Benin could provide useful information for efficient use of these materials, especially for genetic improvement.     

Genetic diversity in populations of wild diploid wheat Triticum urartu Tum. ex. Gandil. revealed by isozyme markers

Genetic variation and its distribution within and among 23 populations of Triticum urartu collected from Syria, Lebanon, Turkey, Armenia, and Iran was estimated using isozyme markers at eight polymorphic loci. The number of alleles per locus (A= 1.21), percentage polymorphic loci (P= 20.1%), and mean gene diversity (H_e= 0.024) were relatively low. In a population from Lebanon, a high number of alleles per locus (A= 2.13) and percentage polymorphic loci (P= 87.5%) was found. On average, genetic variation among populations (G_ST= 0.407) was smaller than within-population variation (0.593). However, different patterns of genetic structure were found among various geographic regions. Interpopulation variation was highest for the Iranian populations (0.89) followed by the Turkish populations (0.66). A reverse pattern was observed for the Syrian (0.11) and for the Lebanese (0.13) populations. The Armenian populations exhibited similar interpopulation and within-population variation. Principal component and cluster analyses resulted in distinct grouping of the geographically proximal populations, with the exception of the two Iranian populations. The Turkish populations were different from the neighboring Armenian populations compared to other countries. The populations from southern Syria and those from Lebanon also exhibited a high degree of genetic diversity. The two most heterozygous loci, Mdh-2 and Pgi-2, separated the populations along the first and second principal components, respectively. Most of the rare alleles were scattered sporadically throughout the geographic regions. Rare alleles with high frequencies were found in the Turkish and Armenian populations. These results indicated that different geographic regions require specific sampling procedures in order to capture the range of genetic variation observed in T. urartu populations.     

杂交籼稻稻米外观品质性状杂种优势及其与亲本间分子遗传距离的相关性

用 IR75589-31S、 IR60、 IR70 和选取的 90 个RILs和ILs进行不完全双列杂交,以获得的 270 个杂交组合为材料,对杂交稻米外观品质性状杂种优势表现及其与亲本间分子遗传距离的关系进行了研究。就杂交组合外观品质性状相对优势而言,除粒长宽比以外,其它外观品质性状的中亲优势都表现为正向组合个数大于负向。杂种稻米外观品质性状表现的差异因性状而异,以垩白度的变异系数最大,杂种米粒垩白度、粒长、粒宽和粒长宽比普遍介于双亲之间。SSR 分子标记遗传距离与杂种稻米外观品质相关性状杂种优势关系分析表明,亲本间的遗传距离在 0.2914 到 0.4205 之间,平均遗传距离为 0.3520;杂交亲本遗传距离与外观品质性状间的相关系数偏小,分别为-0.0307、0.1358和-0.1408,均未达到显著水平,外观品质性状杂种优势与亲本间的遗传差异大小无关。根据以上结果,本研究所筛选的SSR标记难以预测杂交稻外观品质性状杂种优势,利用DNA分子标记遗传距离来预测杂种优势的可能性还有待于进一步探讨。     

Characterization of a flint maize (Zea mays var. indurata) Italian landrace, II. Genetic diversity and relatedness assessed by SSR and Inter-SSR molecular markers

A comparative characterization of 10 field populations of the maize (Zea mays var. indurata) landrace Nostrano di Storo was carried out using different types of PCR-based markers. The inbred line B73 and three synthetics (VA143, VA154 and VA157) selected from as many landraces were also used. Genetic diversity and relatedness were evaluated over 84 SSR and 53 I-SSR marker alleles using a total of 253 individual DNAs. Up to 23 alleles per SSR locus were scored while the average effective number of alleles per population was 6.99. Nei's total genetic diversity as assessed with SSR markers was H_T = 0.851 while the average diversity within populations was H_S = 0.795. The overall Wright's fixation index F_ST was as low as 0.066. Thus, more than 93% of the total variation was within population. Unique alleles over all SSR loci were found for six populations. An average of 17.7 marker alleles per I-SSR primer were scored with an effective number of marker alleles per locus of 1.34. The Shannon's diversity information index over all populations and I-SSR loci was 0.332, varying from 0.286 to 0.391. The extent of differentiation between populations was as low as G_ST = 0.091. Dice's genetic similarity matrices were estimated for both SSR and I-SSR markers. The mean genetic similarity coefficients within and between populations were respectively 0.269 and 0.217, for SSR markers, and 0.591 and 0.564, for I-SSR markers. UPGMA dendrograms displayed all field populations but one clustered into a distinct group, in which the synthetic VA154, selected from the Marano Vicentino landrace, was also included. One field population and the other two synthetics were clustered separately as well B73. The matrix correlation assayed by the Mantel's correspondence test was as high as 0.908. Findings suggest that, although a high variability can be found among plants, most plant genotypes belong to the same landrace called Nostrano di Storo. Although gene flow from commercial hybrids might have occurred, the large number of polymorphisms and the presence of both unique alleles and alleles unshared with B73 and synthetics are the main factors underlying the value of this flint maize landrace as a source of genetic variation and peculiar germplasm traits. Because of its exclusive utilization for human consumption, such a molecular marker characterization will be a key step for obtaining the IGP mark and so promote the in situ conservation and protection of the landrace Nostrano di Storo.     

用EST-SSR标记对我国养殖斑点叉尾鮰种质资源的研究

本实验采用EST-SSRs分子遗传标记技术对福州和湖北嘉鱼县的1984年群体（P1984）、福州与辽宁辽中县的1997年群体（P1997）、湖南的2004年群体（P2004）和福州的1984年与1997年群体杂交的F1代群体（P8497)等4个斑点叉尾鮰养殖群体的遗传多样性进行研究。斑点叉尾鮰EST-SSRs是从斑点叉尾鮰ESTs 序列（表达序列标签）中开发的一种新型SSR 标记,这种新型分子标记来源于表达基因,将其用于斑点叉尾鮰遗传研究可直接反映相关基因在不同斑点叉尾鮰群体间的表达差异。本实验检测到两个功能明确的基因位点。实验结果表明有10对引物可扩增出清晰条带,其中9对引物具有多态性,可作为斑点叉尾鮰遗传标记分析,有效的多态性引物占90%,共获得32个等位基因,其中大多数引物有2～4 个等位基因,4个群体的平均等位基因数（A）为3.0000-3.4000, 平均有效等位基因数（ae）为1.9455-2.3024,平均观察杂合度（Ho）为0.4068-0.4732,平均期望杂合度（He）为0.4148-0.4907,平均多态信息含量（PIC）为0.4113-0.4829,群体间的多态性差异不显著,且各群体的遗传多样性处于中等水平。根据群体间遗传相似性系数、遗传距离及UPGMA聚类分析发现,P1997和P2004群体之间的遗传距离最近,P1984和P2004群体之间的遗传距离最远,这验证了四个群体的引入顺序。通过Hardy—Weinberg检验发现,4个群体有18.75％的位点偏离了Hardy—Weinberg平衡, 表明群体各位点的基因频率和基因型频率稳定性较好。通过F-检验发现,P2004和P8497处于不同程度的杂合子过剩状态,P1984和P1997处于杂合子缺失状态。群体间发生分化程度很弱,遗传变异主要来自群体内个体之间。     

Genetic diversity and local population structure of fragmented populations of Trillium camschatcense (Trilliaceae)

Trillium camschatcense, a long-lived common woodland herb, has been experiencing intensive habitat fragmentation over the last century in eastern Hokkaido, Japan. We examined the genetic diversity and population genetic structure of 12 fragmented populations with different population sizes using allozyme electrophoresis. The percentage of polymorphic loci and mean number of alleles per locus were positively related to population size, probably due to the stochastic loss of rare alleles (frequency of q<0.1) in small populations. Populations with 350 flowering plants or fewer had lost almost all of their rare alleles. While the heterozygosity and inbreeding coefficient were not related to population size, some small populations showed relatively high inbreeding coefficients. In spite of the low genetic differentiation among overall populations (F_ST=0.130), local population structuring was recognized between the two geographically discontinuous population groups. Within groups, sufficient historical gene flow was inferred, whereas a low dispersal ability of this species and geographical separation could produce apparent differentiation between groups.     

微卫星标记分析广西水牛遗传多样性

为研究广西沼泽型水牛(Bubalus bubalis)核基因组的多态性,采用23对荧光标记微卫星引物,对随机抽取的60个广西本地水牛样本进行了PCR检测。结果表明,23对引物中,有19对可以获得特异性产物且存在多态,平均有效等位基因数为4.0189,基因座ILSTS086含有13个等位基因;各微卫星基因座的平均杂合度变化范围为0.1852~0.4722,ILSTS019基因座平均杂合度最高(0.4722),而ILSTS017平均杂合度最低(0.1852);群体基因平均多态信息含量(PIC)为0.6639,19个标记中有18个PIC大于0.5,属高度多态位点。     

Genetic Diversity and Structure of Wild Tunisian Myrtus communis L. (Myrtaceae) Populations

Myrtus communis L. (Myrtaceae), in Tunisia, is closely associated with Quercus suber L. forest which stretched continuously from the North to parts of Cap Bon and Tunisian Dorsal. The destruction of the primary oak forests associated to an over-exploitation of Myrtus for its essential oil quality had led to discontinuous populations exhibiting various levels of degradation. Using starch gel electrophoresis, we analyzed the polymorphism of nine isozymes in order to assess genetic diversity and structuring of 17 natural populations prospected in the three geographical regions and coinciding with subhumid, humid inferior and semi-arid superior bioclimates. The analysis of the level and the distribution of the genetic diversity in this species might help in its conservation. Out of the 18 loci detected for all populations and isozymes analyzed, 12 loci were polymorphic. Allelic frequencies differed according to populations and particular alleles characterized ecological groups. A high level of genetic variation within populations was observed. The mean number of alleles per polymorphic locus was Ap = 1.67, the percentage of polymorphic loci was P = 60.3% and the observed (Ho) and the expected (He) heterozygosities were respectively 0.144 and 0.215. Populations belonging to subhumid (Cap Bon) and semi-arid superior (Tunisian Dorsal) climates, located in degraded sites exhibited the highest level of inbreeding (0.425 < F_IS < 0.450). A high level of differentiation (F_ST = 0.396) and a low gene flow (Nm = 0.337) among populations, as a result of habitat intermediate destruction, were revealed. The differentiation of populations within the same bioclimate (or geographic) group was substantial and relatively higher for semi-arid superior populations (F_ST = 0.262), which were more distant. The three ecological groups exhibited a high level of structuring (F_ST = 0.401). These differentiations might be due to geographic distances and to the variations of ecological factors between sites, including human activities and environmental factors. Nei’s (1972) genetic distances calculated between pairs of populations were globally low (0.006 < D < 0.367) with a mean of 0.15. They indicate a high level of similarity between populations. UPGMA clustering, established through Nei’s genetic distances, showed three population aggregates according to their geographic/bioclimatic appartenances. The high differentiation between populations and the low level of their genetic divergence indicated their recent isolation under anthropic pressures. The species conservation (in situ or ex situ) strategies should take into account the genetic diversity level within populations and its variation between geographic groups.     

基于三重测交群体解析玉米株高与穗位高杂种优势QTL

为检测玉米株高、穗位高杂种优势QTL,以121株intermated B73×Mo17(IBM)个体为基础群体,按照三重测交交配设计构建了三重测交群体,通过完备区间作图法对株高、穗位高杂种优势的主效QTL及互作位点进行了分析。在第9染色体上的2个紧密连锁的区段分别定位到了一个株高、穗位高杂种优势加性QTL位点,单个QTL的表型贡献率为14.3%和18.6%。该QTL可能同时对株高、穗位高杂种优势起作用。在第1、第3染色体上检测到2个株高杂种优势超显性QTL,可解释表型变异的9.0%~11.4%;在第1、第6、第8染色体上检测到5个穗位高杂种优势超显性QTL,可解释表型变异的6.6%~16.8%。进一步分析发现,2对加加上位性互作区段及2对显显上位性互作区段对穗位高杂种优势存在上位性贡献,加加互作效应及显显互作效应可共同解释表型变异的40.7%和26.8%。由此可知,加性、显性及两位点互作上位性共同对株高、穗位高杂种优势存在贡献。本研究检测到的主效QTL位点有助于株高、穗位高在杂种优势育种中的进一步应用。