Rural Elite Flow and Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Social Transformation Period

Under the violent impact of the social transformation period,traditional cultural heritage faces a great crisis of protection,inheritance and development.In the context of collapse of basic structure of traditional rural society,the protection of traditional cultural heritage becomes an important task in the new period.Although both the state and the society attach great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage,it still faces a huge crisis of disappearance.In the system,this is because cultural elite list system and intangible cultural heritage protection system are confronted with many practical problems.The cultural elite of the rural society,as main group of intangible culture inheritance,is always ignored and this has become a hidden trouble for cultural heritage protection.In this situation,it is recommended to constantly restore excellent cultural ecological environment,improve the supporting facilities of the intangible cultural protection system,cultivate cultural elites of rural areas at the level of endogenous driving force,improve the rural centripetal force centering on cultural elites,restore its functions in transmitting culture and guiding value in rural society,and rebuild the folk cultural elite regeneration mechanism,so as to real y push the intangible cultural heritage protection towards the sustainable development of inheritance.     

Layouts and Aesthetic Characteristics of Buildings in the Period of Republic of China along Zhongshan Road in Nanjing City

Zhongshan Road in Nanjing City was formerly known as "Meridian of the Republic of China", signif icant buildings of the Republic of China were mostly distributed along this modern avenue. The diversifi ed styles and types of these buildings refl ect the historical changes of modern Chinese buildings, and also record history of that age. The buildings are intangible cultural heritages of not only Nanjing, but also China. Study on and protection of these buildings is a process of reviewing modern architectural history of China, and also rethinking the inheritance and development of traditional Chinese cultures. In addition, the research promotes the coordinated development of modern urban construction and social cultures.     

Heritage and Development of Ningbo Bone-Inlaid Wooden Works

Bone-inlaid wooden art is a very old artistic form that has a strong artistic appeal and local flavor. It can be traced back to the Longshan Culture in the late Neolithic Age, and becomes mature in the late Qing Dynasty. As time lapses, however, bone-inlaid wooden art is gradually out of sight. It was not until June 2008 when Ningbo bone-inlaid wooden art was included in the "second batch of national intangible cultural heritage protection list" that it once again caused social concern. Ningbo bone-inlaid wooden art has a long history, and its craftsmanship is complex. Many bone-inlaid wooden works in Ningbo have been damaged more or less. Therefore, workers in the field of heritage protection should undertake a more systematic protection and repair work based on scientific research, making contributions to the heritage and development of intangible cultural heritage.     

基于RMP模式的寒地黑土非物质文化遗产旅游开发的体系构建——以绥化市为例

为了实现绥化市寒地黑土非物质文化遗产资源的可持续发展,提升非物质文化遗产旅游资源的综合竞争力,尝试构建非物质文化遗产保护性旅游开发工作框架的设想,探索适合其自身特点的开发与保护模式。应用昂普(RMP)分析模式,从绥化市寒地黑土非物质文化遗产的资源、市场、产品3个方面,对绥化市旅游进行系统的评价分析,为绥化市非物质文化遗产的旅游开发提出了一系列的发展模式,如保护第一、培养非遗后继人才、整合文化资源、突出文化特色、策划绥化非物质文化遗产精品旅游线路等。     

Protection and Development Strategies of Urban Ancient Cultural Remains and Its Surroundings——A Case Study of Mountain Haoli in Tai'an City

Urban historical and cultural heritage has been gradually formed in the long history, it is a witness of the city development history and a realistic carrier of the local civilization. However, protection of urban cultural heritage has been long neglected, with the rapid economic development and urbanization process, a lot of urban cultural heritage that bears important historical and cultural value had gone forever. Ancient cultural remains(ACRs) are an important type of urban cultural heritages, the renaissance of ACRs means the revival of the whole city, how to make ACRs in gradual decline state to be protected with proper planning and renewed vigor has great signifi cance to the urban development. Taking protection and development planning and design of ACRs in Mountain Haoli and its surroundings for example, this study put forward the objectives and principles of ACRs protection and development, extending and deepening the protection methods and renewal strategies, so as to achieve overall cultural, economic and spatial revival of urban ACRs, and sustainable development of ACRs.     

Inheritance and Innovation of Chinese Intangible Cultural Heritage in Modern Designs: A Case Study of Nanjing Cloud-Pattern Brocade

With the development of world heritage protection undertakings, dynamic inheritance of intangible cultural heritage has become a topic of great concern. This study explored the feasibility of integrating cloud-pattern brocade heritage and modern design and the innovation techniques, so as to provide new concepts for the inheritance and development of intangible cultural heritage.     

Integrated Development of the Tourism and Protection of Ancient Towns

Local color is not only the cultural counter in the competition between cities,but the main cultural element that attracts foreign tourists.In recent years,many cities have regarded tourism development as a major mean of reviving ancient towns.The excavation of local culture,material reconstruction of local characteristics,and the resurgence and"reproduction"of local industries have become an important work in the tourism development of ancient towns.Apart from the discussion of the protection,inheritance,and touristification of tangible cultural heritage and intangible cultural heritage,this paper demonstrated the possibility of the integration and production capacity of local characteristic industry resources and analyzed the impact of the integrated development on the lifestyle and living atmosphere of residents in the ancient towns.In this paper,ways to realize the integrated development of the tourism and protection of ancient towns were included as follows:(1)to ensure the principal status of local residents and give full play to their initiatives;(2)to protect the local traditional way of life and improve the public service system;(3)to choose the appropriate development pattern and achieve the diversified development;(4)to improve service facilities in tourism and adjust the structure of tourism products.     

GIS技术在城市历史遗产保护管理中的应用研究进展

传统的历史遗产保护方法在信息处理和管理等方面具有较大的局限性。以世界遗产保护和管理机制发展为目标,通过国内外成功的案例解析遗产资源调查和信息整合GIS数据库的构建过程。分别阐述了GIS在文化遗产保护、区域文化与自然遗产保护、风景园林遗产保护等方面的实践应用情况。指出国内遗产保护领域应当多借助新的思维方式和研究方法,将GIS与其它数字化技术综合运用到遗产保护管理研究,今后尤其需要加强遗产价值和遗产文献资料保存、GIS系统检测等方面的研究。研究结果表明,信息处理、编写遗产文件、绘制专题地图是动态GIS数据库建设过程中的核心环节,可以有效挖掘历史城市突出的遗产价值,并有助于管理部门制定不同城市遗产文献保护和管理战略,从而为中国未来遗产保护和可持续发展提供可借鉴的创新思路。     

Exploration on the Crowdfunding Mode of Rural Memory Project

In the past decades of industrialization and urbanization,a plenty of Chinese villages have passed out of existence.The amount of the existing ancient villages in China only accounts for 1.9% of the amount of Chinese administrative villages.Chinese traditional villages include tangible cultural heritage like traditional residential architecture and cultural relics,as well as intangible cultural heritage like folk customs and handcraft,which are of extremely important values and demand proper conservation immediately."Rural Memory Project" is not only a carrier project of "memorizing nostalgia" and "retaining passion for home",but also the original protection project of tangible cultural heritage like rural historic streets and traditional resident courtyard,as well as intangible cultural heritage like production and living customs.At present,"Rural Memory" Project launched by Shandong province was primarily funded by the government sectors whose investment was far from sufficient for the great appetite of the project,thus massive social capital has to be absorbed to ensure a sustainable implementation of the project.Featured with low threshold,strong inclusivity and stable mass basis,crowdfunding which could adapt to the characteristics of the current "Rural Memory" Project is regarded as a feasible fund-raising channel.In the exploration of crowdfunding mode,the authorities could focus on establishing a specialized crowdfunding platform for Rural Memory Project,select proper crowdfunding mode according to the characteristics of the project,adhere to the macro orientation and policy of the government,and commit themselves to dissolving the institutional constraints in crowdfunding.     

广西民族地区农业文化遗产保护性开发研究——基于韩国的保护与管理经验

在韩国的农业文化遗产保护性工作中,其政策扶持体系扮演着至关重要的角色,责任清晰的属地管理、农业文化遗产的动态保护与多功能利用等机制对广西加强农业文化遗产保护和开发有着重要的借鉴意义。文章介绍了韩国重要农业和渔业遗产系统实践并总结吸取其有益经验,同时分析了广西民族地区农业文化遗产发展现状,重点从完善保护机制、合理划分责任(政府、社会、个人责任)、强调活态的文化遗产保护等方面提出建议。     

中国农业文化遗产的研究

为了积极发展中国农业文化遗产。基于对近10年发表在国内比较具有代表性的农业刊物上的相关文献分析和整理,对国内农业文化遗产的研究现状进行分析。指出国内当前主要从农业文化遗产内涵、价值、保护及旅游四个方面进行研究,研究成果已具有一定的深度和广度,今后应进一步丰富研究内容、改进研究方法、深入研究社区参与视角下的农业文化遗产的旅游开发与保护,以及注重多学科的融合等。以期能够为农业文化遗产的深入研究提供一定的参考,为其发展提供一定的启示。     

A Governance Framework of Chinese Heritage Resources Based on Social Network

Based on the literature review of Chinese heritage resources management,a governance framework was put forward from the perspective of social network in order to deal with the conflict between heritage tourism development and heritage resources protection.First,all stakeholders including administrate departments,related enterprises,local communities and tourists should become subjects of heritage resources governance.Second,governance structure was defined which would describe the roles that all stakeholders played in the governance of heritage resources.Third,several governance mechanism including motivation and restraint mechanism,interaction and coordination mechanism,sharing and integration mechanism should be established.The network governance would balance benefi ts of all the stakeholders,avoid the phenomena such as free ride and external diseconomy and ensure the sustainable development of heritage sites.     

徽州古村落农业文化遗产活态保护模式研究

作为一种新兴的世界遗产类型,农业文化遗产的保护迫在眉睫,但具体的保护方法却极其匮乏。古徽州地区是文化遗产资源的富集区,具有文化遗产保护的优良传统,积累了丰富的遗产保护经验。徽州古村落是中国传统村落的典型代表,蕴含着极其丰富的农业文化遗产,并具有地域文化底蕴深厚、遗产资源内涵丰富、遗产品味等级高等优势。借鉴徽州文化遗产保护的经验,可以从保护遗产的文化生态空间、做好遗产的修复复活、加强遗产的活态传承、挖掘文化遗产的现代价值等方面来探索农业文化遗产的活态保护,这是非常必要而现实的。     

Exploration of the Protective Development Model of Ancient Towns in Metropolitan Suburbs: A Case Study of Xinchang Ancient Town in the Pudong New Area of Shanghai

The protection of ancient towns has become a crucial link in the coordinated regional development in China.On the basis of the field investigation,this paper took Xinchang Ancient Town in the Pudong New Area of Shanghai for example to analyze the existing problems in the protection and development of ancient towns,such as narrow economic base,loss of aboriginal culture and vague orientation of urban-rural function,and proposed a protective development model stressing the synergetic development of culture,economy and ecology.That model was designed to enhance local economic competitiveness through the multi-industry linkage,encourage the mass participation,reshape local cultural identity,improve regional ecological environment and optimize the function of Xinchang Ancient Town so that the protection of ancient towns is integrated into the top-level design of the regional comprehensive development.     

Study on the Protection and Renovation of Ancient Buildings in Likeng

As a famous historical and cultural city of China, and one of the ecological conservation experimental plots of Huizhou culture, Likeng owns many cultural units under state and local protection. The paper elaborated the significance and principles of protecting ancient buildings in Likeng, analyzed the restoration principles and technical schemes. Through analyzing the protection of ancient buildings in Likeng, the rationality of protection, and the balance between protection and development was proposed, and protection of the projects in the national historic and cultural heritage list, cultural relics protection units at all levels, famous historic and cultural cities was introduced.     

经济、社会、资源、环境复合系统协调发展研究

为了构建复合系统协调发展度模型,以经济、社会、资源、环境4个系统为研究对象,运用主成分分析、回归分析以及隶属度函数方法,借助SPSS 17.0对保定市1999-2009年间的相关数据进行处理分析和评价,结果表明,保定市复合系统协调性整体水平尚可处于协调发展状态;但系统间协调发展水平仍有待提高,经济、环境、资源三系统间矛盾尤为突出。经济、环境系统协调性较差,保定市走循环经济路线,使用清洁能源发展低碳经济是解决此问题的关键;资源、环境系统间协调性亦差,应提高资源利用率,保护耕地、改变燃料结构,发展新能源产业。社会、经济子系统发展态势突出,应注重资源、环境子系统的均衡发展,走可持续发展道路。     

Contradiction or Coordination: between Urbanization and Cultural Heritage Protection

Urbanization is an inevitable trend of the development of human civilization. In the process of urbanization, human have learned lessons from protecting and inheriting cultural heritage or damaging and destroying it, and also accumulated precious experience, fi nally formed a reasonable path to harmoniously deal with the relationship between urbanization and cultural heritage protection. Besides, the accomplishment has been incorporated into the cause of the symbiosis of cultural diversity and the construction of harmonious cities. China's contemporary urbanization has been developing rapidly, thus its cultural heritage protection is facing severe challenges. However, the relationship between urbanization and cultural heritage protection is not completely confl icting. Coordinative development between the two is increasingly becoming a social consensus. The win-win result of China's urbanization and cultural heritage protection will make its own contribution to the progress of world's urbanization and cultural heritage protection.     

寒地黑土非物质文化遗产保护的大学模式探索——以绥化农耕文化保护为例

外受西方工业文明冲击,内受传统观念制约,加之缺乏有效保护手段和措施,寒地黑土非物质文化遗产保护中存在的问题日益凸显。地方大学发挥自身多重优势,以教育传承为途径,将非遗保护融入大学的教育教学、科学研究和服务地方社会发展中来,逐步形成独具特色的寒地黑土非遗保护的新模式。     

彝族树文化的价值及其传承与发展

论文旨在通过自然观念与文化表现形式的关系,探索农业文化遗产的动态保护和适应性管理策略。文章以彝族树木观念与文化表现关系的揭示,对彝族树文化的现代价值及其文化传承与发展进行了探索。研究表明,彝族树木观念作为文化的内核反映了彝族对其生存环境的重大关切,影响着彝族树文化的表现形式。由于彝族树文化具有的生态与经济价值,实现民族地区的可持续发展,需要在彝族树木自然观的指导下,以现代元素重构以“树”为表征的文化表现形式。发挥传统自然观念对民族生态环境的作用,不仅为农业文化遗产的整体性保护提供了纲领和思路,也为农业文化遗产的现代适应提供了可以遵循的规范和原则。     

Local Model of Intangible Cultural Heritage Inheritance and Utilization: A Case Study of Tai'an City

Tai'an area is endowed with diversified intangible heritages covering food, clothing, shelter, transport, wedding, funeral, festival, folk games, athletic activities and so on. Intangible heritages are not well inherited, traditional practical and aesthetic functions of intangible heritages are lost for the backward means of transmission and limited inheritance environment. Intangible heritages should be inherited and utilized in multiple means and forms. Using its advantageous tourism resources, Tai'an City tried to explore multiple channels and forms of intangible heritages such as folklore scenic area, folklore performance, and folklore tourist commodities.