基于GPS/INS和线控转向的农业机械自动驾驶系统

研究旨在设计出一套农用车辆自动导航控制系统,让机器人代替农民进行田间作业,实现农用车辆自动驾驶,从而可以有效提高农业机械的作业精度、生产效率和使用安全性,并且为精细农业研究提供技术支持,改善农业生产的方法。该文通过GPS/INS(global positioning system/inertial navigation system)组合导航技术实时获得载体的导航信息(位置、速度、航向、姿态),根据导航信息与预设轨迹参数计算出载体的目标前轮转向角,并以该目标前轮转向角与当前前轮转角的差值作为控制输入,实现对转向执行电机的精确控制,从而实现载体的路径跟踪控制。同时对整个系统的软硬件进行设计,并对系统控制策略进行仿真和试验验证。最终结果表明,本文所设计的组合导航系统定位精度高,其定位精度可达到0.1~0.5 m;路径跟踪系统误差小,当车速分别为0.5 m/s和1 m/s时,路径跟踪的最大横向误差分别为0.16 m和0.27 m;整个系统响应速度快,可达到0.1s。通过将GPS/INS组合导航技术与线控转向技术相结合,能够实现农用车辆的自动驾驶。     

东方红X-804拖拉机的DGPS自动导航控制系统

该文在东方红X-804拖拉机上开发了基于RTK-DGPS的自动导航控制系统。系统主要包括RTK-DGPS接收机、导航控制器、转向操纵控制器、电控液压转向装置和转向轮偏角检测传感器。其中转向操纵控制器、转向轮偏角检测传感器和电控液压转向装置构成转向轮偏角的闭环控制回路,该回路可根据导航控制器提供的期望转向轮偏角实现偏转角的随动控制。将拖拉机运动学模型和转向操纵控制模型相结合,建立了拖拉机直线跟踪的导航控制传递函数模型,模型的输入是横向跟踪误差,输出是期望的转向轮偏角。设计了基于PID算法的导航控制器,仿真分析了系统稳定性和动态响应性能,确定了PID控制参数的较佳取值。针对东方红X-804拖拉机转弯半径大的特点,采用跨行地头转向控制方式,提出了具体的控制流程及算法。田间试验结果表明：采用所设计的DGPS自动导航控制系统,在拖拉机行进速度为0.8 m/s时,直线跟踪的最大误差小于0.15 m,平均跟踪误差小于0.03 m,所提出的跨行地头转向控制方法对试验拖拉机具有良好的适用性。     

基于GNSS的农机自动导航路径搜索及转向控制

为提高农机自动导航系统性能,提出了一种基于全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS)的农机自动导航路径搜索方法和基于预瞄点搜索的纯追踪模型。根据农机不同作业需求,导航系统可选择直线路径搜索或曲线路径搜索,实现农机直线和曲线自动导航作业;建立基于预瞄点搜索的纯追踪模型,并将其用于农机转向控制,该模型不涉及复杂的控制理论,适用性较强。为验证路径搜索方法和纯追踪模型性能,以John Deere拖拉机为试验平台,进行了农机直线跟踪和转向控制导航试验。结果表明:直线路径跟踪导航试验,车速为0.8、1.0和1.2 m/s时,导航均方根误差分别为3.79、4.28和5.39 cm;转向导航试验,车速为0.6 m/s时,在弓形转弯和梨形转弯导航方式下,导航均方根误差分别为25.23和14.42 cm;与模糊控制方法对比试验,直线路径导航方式下,应用该文方法和模糊控制方法的导航均方根误差分别为4.30和5.95 cm,在曲线路径导航方式下,应用该文方法和模糊控制方法的导航均方根误差分别为13.73和21.40 cm;基于GNSS的农机自动导航路径搜索方法和预瞄点搜索的纯追踪模型可以得到较好的定位控制精度,可满足田间实际作业的要求。     

农业机械自动导航技术研究进展

农业机械自动导航是精准农业技术体系中的一项核心关键技术,广泛应用于耕作、播种、施肥、喷药、收获等农业生产过程。农机位置测量方法、农机模型与导航路径跟踪控制方法是农业机械自动导航技术的研究重点,受到国内外科研人员的广泛关注。农机位置测量主要有相对测量和绝对测量二类方法,前者以基于机器视觉的测量方法为代表,主要利用图像处理技术识别作物行,进而确定导航基准线,实现农机与作物的相对位置与航向信息的测量;后者则以基于全球导航卫星系统的测量方法为代表,利用卫星定位技术实现农机位置的高精度测量,在农业生产中应用最为广泛;而面对复杂的田间环境变化,在位置测量中应用多传感器数据融合技术通常可以得到更好的测量结果。导航路径跟踪控制通常以农机运动学模型或动力学模型为核心,多采用最优控制、最优估计、自适应控制、人工神经网络、模糊控制、鲁棒控制等现代控制理论与方法;而无模型控制方法则可以避免建模不准确或者模型参数剧烈变化对农机路径跟踪控制性能所产生的负面影响。该文从上述2个方面综述分析了农业机械自动导航技术的研究现状及存在的问题,并对未来农机导航技术的发展做出了展望,指出采用卫星导航技术,开展农机地头自动转向控制、障碍物探测及主动避障、多机协同导航等高级导航技术研究,以及引入先进的物联网技术,是现代农机自动导航技术发展的主要趋势。     

线性时变模型预测控制器提高农业车辆导航路径自动跟踪精度

为提高农业车辆导航路径自动跟踪精度,提出一种基于线性时变模型预测控制的路径跟踪方法。该方法将农业车辆非线性运动学模型线性化和离散化处理,作为控制器预测方程;建立以系统控制增量为状态量的目标函数,为防止无可行解,引入松弛因子;设计系统控制量、控制增量和状态量约束条件,并将目标函数求解转为带约束的二次规划问题;采用内点法进行求解,将求得的控制输入增量第一个元素作用于系统;重复以上过程,实现优化控制。基于Matlab/Simulink平台进行了模型预测控制器设计,并分别进行了导航坐标系下的直线和圆形路径跟踪试验。结果表明,所设计的控制器能够实现直线路径的完全跟踪(误差始终为0);跟踪圆形路径时,1 m/s时的横向平均跟踪误差为7.5 cm,3 m/s时的横向平均跟踪误差为10 cm;整个跟踪过程,前轮转角始终被限定在约束范围内。不同控制器参数下的仿真结果表明,增大预测时域和控制周期能够减小跟踪误差和前轮转角变化幅度,控制时域的变化对控制器路径跟踪响应速度影响较小。同时基于设计的模型预测控制器进行了场地试验。结果表明,试验小车以1m/s的速度跟踪直线路径时,横向最大误差均值为1.622 cm,横向平均误差均值为0.865 cm;跟踪圆形路径时,当行走速度低于1 m/s时,横向最大误差小于10 cm。     

基于GPS的太阳能平移式喷灌机自主导航系统设计与试验

为实现节能、节水,提高灌溉和土地利用效率,在对太阳能技术、节水灌溉技术、全球定位系统（global positioning system,GPS）导航技术等进行研究的基础上,研制一种基于 GPS 导航的太阳能驱动平移式喷灌机,并在此基础上设计开发导航控制系统。整个机组以太阳能光伏组件和蓄电池为电源,直流电动机作为动力,采用四轮差速转向。以喷灌机横向偏差和航向偏差作为控制输入变量,直流电机脉冲调制（pulse width modulation,PWM）转速调节电压增量作为输出变量,构建基于线性比例控制的导航控制器,实现了对喷灌机两侧车轮转速的调节控制。导航控制系统以32位先进精简指令集机器（advanced RISC machine,ARM）微控制器 STM32F103芯片为核心,集成导航控制器、转速操纵控制器、GPS、电子罗盘和转速传感器,采用控制器局域网（controller area network,CAN）总线结构进行通讯,实现喷灌机的自主导航控制。路径跟踪试验结果表明：喷灌机自动导航控制系统能基本满足喷灌作业要求,并能较好地实现路线跟踪,在以0.4、0.8 m/min 速度行驶30 m 过程中直线跟踪最大横向偏差不超过20 cm,系统可靠性较高。研究可为实现农业机械与太阳能技术相结合提供参考,对类似自走式喷灌机的发展提供依据。     

履带车辆自适应预瞄跟踪模糊控制算法

针对现有单边制动履带车辆跟踪控制算法同周期内并行控制难、跟踪精度低、转向控制次数较多等问题,该研究以电控化改装后江苏筑水农机 3B55 型履带运输车为试验平台,开展单边制动履带车辆路径跟踪控制算法研究。通过单边制动履带车辆运动学分析,构建车辆预瞄跟踪模型,提出一种预瞄跟踪模糊控制算法,将横向偏差与航向偏差作为多输入输出模糊控制器输入参数,实现车辆同一控制周期内转向与直线行驶的并行控制。为了优化车辆路径跟踪精度与转向控制次数,提出改进麻雀搜索算法(sparrow search algorithm, SSA)的自适应前视距求解算法,考虑车辆的横向偏差和转向路径角度约束,解析较优前视距离,通过仿真和田间试验对算法进行跟踪精度与转向控制次数综合评价。仿真结果表明：基于自适应预瞄跟踪模糊控制算法跟踪多角度规划路径时,车辆转向控制次数为89次,误差面积为1.74 m²。田间作业路况下,由于试验路面起伏不平,并且随速度增加车辆跟踪精度下降,但跟踪精度及转向控制次数随前视距离的变化规律与仿真结果一致,当车辆分别以0.14、0.47和0.83 m/s跟踪路径时,自适应预瞄跟踪模糊控制算法相对于固定前视距离预瞄跟踪模糊控制算法车辆转向控制次数分别减少13.59%、9.87%和11.25%,误差面积分别减少19.93%、48.48%和54.59%,验证了算法的有效性。研究结果可为单边制动履带车辆的农机自动导航技术提供创新思路与技术支撑。     

联合收获机单神经元PID导航控制器设计与试验

针对联合收获机在田间直线跟踪作业中在维持高割幅率条件下易产生漏割的问题,设计了一种基于单神经元PID(Proportion Integration Differentiation)的联合收获机导航控制器。以轮式联合收获机为平台,通过对原有液压转向机构进行电控液压改装,搭载相关传感器构建了导航硬件系统。开展了常规PID控制和单神经元PID控制的仿真以及实地对比试验,仿真结果表明单神经元PID控制具有超调小和进入稳态快等特点;路面试验表明,当收获机速度为0.7 m/s时,单神经元PID控制最大跟踪偏差为6.10 cm,平均绝对偏差为1.21 cm;田间试验表明,收获机速度为0.7 m/s时,单神经元PID控制田间收获最大跟踪偏差为8.14 cm,平均绝对偏差为3.20 cm。试验表明所设计的联合收获机导航控制器能够满足自动导航收获作业要求,为收获作业自动导航提供了技术参考。     

基于超宽带无线定位的农业设施内移动平台路径跟踪研究

为实现农业设施内车辆自动导航,提出了一种基于超宽带(ultrawideband,UWB)无线定位的路径跟踪方法。运用4个基站组建UWB无线定位系统,采用加权最小二乘法(weighted least squares, WLS)法解超静定方程组,提高了移动标签的定位精度。重新定义前视距离,根据车体航向与前视直线的夹角界定车体偏差程度,并提出基于动态前视距离的改进型纯追踪模型。在MATLAB 2016a软件环境下的仿真说明该文算法优于采用固定视距的传统纯追踪算法,并进行实车试验。结果显示,在UWB定位系统的引导下,车体在不同初始状态下均能很好地收敛到期望直线,当速度为0.5 m/s时,在4种初始状态下进行直线跟踪,稳态偏差为5.4～8.4 cm,稳态偏差均值为6.3 cm。在矩形路径跟踪时,当横向偏差和航向偏差均为0的初始状态下,全程平均偏差为20.6 cm,跟踪偏差主要出现在90°转向处,最大偏差为85.5 cm,说明改进后的纯追踪算法的路径追踪质量均优于采用固定视距的传统纯追踪模型,能满足农业设施内移动平台自动导航的需求。该方法可为农业设施内车辆导航提供新思路。     

基于双目视觉的香蕉园巡检机器人导航路径提取方法

为实现移动机器人香蕉园巡检自动导航,研究提出了一种基于双目视觉的香蕉园巡检路径提取方法。首先由机器人搭载的双目相机获取机器人前方点云,进行预处理后对点云感兴趣区域进行二维投影并将投影结果网格化,得到网格地图;然后采用改进的K-means算法将道路两侧香蕉树分离,其中初始聚类中心通过对网格地图进行垂直、水平投影以及一、二阶高斯拟合确定;最后基于最小包围矩形提取导航路径,将道路两侧网格以最小矩形框包围,提取两包围框中间线作为期望导航路径。测试结果表明,改进的K-means算法聚类成功率为93%,较传统方法提高了12%;导航路径提取平均横向偏差为14.27 cm,平均航向偏差为4.83°,研究方法可为香蕉园巡检机器人自动导航提供支持。     

低氮和干旱胁迫对富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的影响

【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。     

Biodiversity and ecogeography of wild Lactuca spp. in some European countries

Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions.     

Pasture Vegetation Elemental Analysis by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing.     

Properties of anaerobically digested and composted municipal solid waste assessed by linking soil mesofauna dynamics and nitrogen modelling

We have studied the effect of anaerobically digested (ADMSW) and composted municipal solid waste (CMSW) on mineralization and foodweb dynamics to verify the hypothesis that ADMSW would immobilize N right after addition to soil in contrast to addition with CMSW. Another hypothesis was that the mesofauna (enchytraeids and microarthropods) would stimulate N release from the decomposer community. We measured excretion of -N and urea-N from the mesofauna and hypothesized that enchytraeids would release urea. ADMSW and CMSW were amended to pots with sandy loam and barley. The pots were divided into treatments with or without mesofauna. Mesofauna, plant N and biomass, soil N and ergosterol (fungal biomass) were measured over a 113-day period of four equidistant samplings. Soil respiration, N mineralization and N release by the mesofauna were modelled from concurrent studies. ADMSW- and CMSW-treated soils initially (<20 days) immobilized N. The amendments did not increase plant growth substantially, and this was probably due to N-limitation in the early stages of plant growth. Enchytraeid abundance was about three times higher in ADMSW- than CMSW-treated soils, indicating that ADMSW contained more labile compounds, bacteria, and microfauna. The mesofauna did not affect N-content, but the cumulated -N excreted by the mesofauna was estimated to be substantial and about one-fifth of total plant N in ADMSW. An explanation for this discrepancy might be that in the absence of the mesofauna, other members of the detrivore and microbivore community performed the mesofauna’s function. Neither enchytraeids nor microarthropods excreted urea.     

Faculty positions: Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences

正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology,     

Faculty positions: Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences

正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology,     

Faculty positions:Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences

正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology,     

Assessing the effectiveness of conservation measures: Resolving the “wicked” problem of the Steller sea lion

“Wicked” problems are those that are complex and that change when solutions are applied. Many conflicts in conservation fall into this category. The study approached the problem of how to constrain the apparent wickedness of a problem in the conservation management of a species by using simple empirical indicators to carry out iterative assessment of the risk to a population and to document how this risk evolves in relation to the addition of new data and the implementation of management actions. Effects of high levels of uncertainty within data and also concerning population structure were examined through stochastic simulation and by exploration of scenarios. Historical trends in the example used, the Steller sea lion, showed rapid declines in abundance in some regions during the 1980s. The current total population is 130,000-150,000 Steller sea lions through Alaska and British Columbia and this number has been stable since about 1990 in spite of regional differences in population dynamics. Regional differences in the sequence of changes in the number of pups and non-pups, suggested that an internal re-distribution of juveniles could have happened between 1980 and 1990. Current productivity also appears close to the long-term mean. Stochastic population projection using various scenarios showed that, based upon this history, the risk of extinction for the population has declined and is below reasonable thresholds for considering the population to be endangered. The trends in risk suggest that management actions taken since 1990 have probably been effective. Consequently, the conservation management objectives for the Steller sea lion are probably being met. The approach provides a mechanism, based upon experience and scenario analysis, for exploring future policy options and may help to constrain the debate amongst stakeholders about the cost-benefit trade-offs associated with different options.     

Soil-profile distribution of primary and secondary plant-available nutrients under conventional and no tillage

Nutrient distributions under no tillage (NT) compared with conventional disk-and-bed tillage (CT) management in the warm, humid region of the southeastern USA need to be assessed so that future placement, quantity, and type of fertilizers can be altered, if necessary, to efficiently match crop demands. We determined soil-profile distributions of pH, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu to a depth of 0.9 m at the end of 8.5 years of continuous CT and NT management on a Weswood silty clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic Fluventic Ustochrept) in southcentral Texas. Most dramatic changes occurred within the 0–0.05 m depth, where soil under NT had lower pH, Fe, and Cu than under CT, but greater P, K, Zn, and Mn. Greater P and K under NT than under CT also occurred below the till-zone (0.15–0.3 m). At a depth of 0–0.3 m, soil under NT contained greater amounts of extractable P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu than under CT. Nitrogen fertilization had little effect on nutrient distributions, except resulting in greater extractable K at 0–0.05 m and greater nitrate at 0–0.15 m. Few changes in soil-profile distributions were observed for extractable S, Ca, Mg, and Na. Long-term continuous use of NT on this fine-textured, high-fertility (except for N) soil had no apparent adverse effects on nutrient distributions relative to CT, but enhanced conservation and availability of P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu near the soil surface where crop roots proliferate.     

Macroinvertebrates in North American tallgrass prairie soils: effects of fire, mowing, and fertilization on density and biomass

The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils.