基于支持向量机非线性筛选水稻苗期抗旱性指标

作物抗旱性指标筛选具小样本、多指标和非线性等特点,传统的基于经验风险最小原则经线性筛选获得的综合指标及在此基础上建立的线性回归模型的合理性受到质疑;基于结构风险最小原则的支持向量机具适于小样本、非线性、泛化推广能力优异等诸多优点,但可解释性差。本文以15个水稻品种苗期反复干旱存活率为因变量,从24个形态生理指标中经支持向量回归(SVR)非线性筛选得苗高、脯氨酸、丙二醛、叶龄、心叶下倒一叶面积、抗坏血酸等6个综合指标,以此建立的SVR模型拟合精度与留一法预测精度均明显优于参比线性模型;如考虑指标测量的简易性,仅以地上部干重、心叶下倒二叶面积、根冠比、叶龄、叶鲜重、心叶下倒一叶面积等6个形态指标进行评估同样可行。为增强SVR的解释能力,基于F测验对SVR模型建立了非线性回归显著性与单因子重要性显著性的测验方法。     

葡萄病毒AMP基因RNA干扰载体的构建

RNA干扰（RNAi）介导的植物抗病毒研究是近年来引起广泛关注的一项植物抗病毒基因工程策略。本文以GVA运动蛋白（MP）基因为模板扩增出了418 bp的基因片段,根据RNA干扰的基本原理,将目的片段正反向分别插入到载体pFGC5941内含子的两侧以便其转录过程中高效产生RNA发夹结构。经PCR扩增证明已成功构建以GVA MP基因为靶标的干扰载体pFGC5941-GVAFR,并成功转入农杆菌EHA105中,为后续探讨干扰载体的干涉效果奠定了基础。     

Matrix Basic Theorem and Its Application of Tvs

The matrlx basic theorem in normed linear spaces is extended to topological vec-tor spaces,by using it we also proved some important results of funcational analysis.     

Design of Bootloader for Embedded Systerm on S3C4510B

Recent years, there emerged many new types of 32-bit embedded system services. But due to the non-commonality of 32-bit embedded system, the designers of every system service should design particular boot software. The authors analyze the characteristic of 32-bit microprocessor S3C4510B , and the basic structure of embedded system and the characteristic of boot. The authors discuss the realization process of remap during the boot process and the management of abnormal vector in boot code. At last, they design boot program based on S3C4510B embedded system with good modularity and transplantablity. The test result shows good stability and effectivity of this design.     

基于支持向量机的花生苗期抗旱指标筛选

筛选花生抗旱性指标,培育抗旱能力强的花生品种,传统线性筛选方法不能反映花生抗旱性的非线性特性,筛选得到的指标符合度有所局限。本研究基于支持向量机(SVM)构建了一种非线性筛选模型,利用SVM交叉测试逐个评估各个特征因子,以MSE最小原则逐步剔除对模型有不利影响的特征因子,并以29个花生品种为例,对其苗期的13个形态、生理特征进行再分析和甄别,得到主茎高、分枝数、地上部干重、叶片干重、比叶面积共5个特征指标,以此特征指标构建的线性与非线性模型留一法精度均高于经线性筛选特征的模型预测精度,实验结果表明了经非线性筛选得到的特征因子的准确性,最后经基于F测验的SVM回归显著性测验与单因子重要性分析进一步验证了保留指标的有效性。以此保留特征构建非线性预测模型能为花生抗旱育种工作提供有效指导。     

黄烷酮类衍生物的抗菌活性QSAR研究

为了研究黄烷酮衍生物分子结构与杀菌活性的关系,本文以34种黄烷酮衍生物的杀菌活性为指标,以量子化学计算软件PCLIENT提取化合物的初始分子描述符,经高维特征筛选以及多轮末尾淘汰进行特征选择,获得了14个重要分子描述符,并基于保留描述符构了建多元线性回归、支持向量回归模型,获得了较高的预测精度。最后基于支持向量机非线性解释体系,对保留分子描述符的作用进行解析,各描述符对影响黄烷酮衍生物的杀菌活性的重要性依次为SssO > MATS6e > SeaC2C2aa > EEig04d > EEig03x > C-028 > R7v+ > L2e > X4A > Mor25m > G1m > Mor17m >BEHv1 > RDF045m,为指导黄烷酮类杀菌剂的合成提供了重要指导。     

马铃薯晚疫病菌RxLR效应因子RD24基因克隆及其PVX表达载体构建与鉴定

马铃薯晚疫病病原菌致病疫霉菌(Phytophthora infestans)在侵入寄主细胞的同时分泌效应因子(Effector)，该类蛋白在晚疫病致病过程中发挥着关键作用，是抑制植物免疫的重要因素。PITG_RD24是马铃薯晚疫病菌位于细胞核核的一个重要效应因子。为了快速鉴定效应因子RD24在马铃薯中瞬时表达的状况及抗性情况，构建效应子RD24的PVX表达载体是十分必要的。本研究利用PCR、酶切、分子克隆等生物学技术，将RD24片段连接插入至PVX（pGR106）载体中，然后用热击法将连接产物转化至大肠杆菌DH10B感受态细胞中。通过PCR筛选、质粒提取、测序比对，结果表明成功获得含有目的表达载体pGR106·RD24的质粒，可为下一步筛选马铃薯广谱抗病基因研究提供必备载体。     

INO启动子克隆及胚珠特异表达载体的构建

为了观察转基因植株胚珠特异性表达,采用CTAB法提取拟南芥基因组DNA,构建了35S::pCAMBIA1304-L117载体并对番茄进行遗传转化。根据已报道的INO启动子序列设计并合成一对特异引物,通过PCR对启动子进行扩增、连接并对其进行测序,结果表明：与GenBank中已注册的INO启动子序列的同源性为100%,并且构建了以INO代替CAMV35S启动子的pCAMBIA1304-L117植物表达载体,采用冷冻法将其转入根癌农杆菌EHA105。成功构建了35S::pCAMBIA1304-L117载体,并为进一步检测奠定了基础。     

江汉平原土壤有机碳含量高光谱预测模型优选

研究探讨了贫瘠地区低有机碳含量条件下,不同光谱预处理与建模方法用于土壤有机碳估测的最佳组合,对贫瘠土壤属性信息快速获取和精确农业发展具有重要意义。以江汉平原不同利用条件下的土壤为研究对象,使用可见光/近红外高光谱技术,结合包括Savitzky-Golay平滑(SG)、一阶导数(FD)、多元散射校正(MSC)在内的光谱预处理方法,分别建立用于估测土壤有机碳(SOC)含量的多元线性回归(MLR)、主成分回归(PCR)、偏最小二乘回归(PLSR)和支持向量机回归(SVMR)模型。结果表明：不同建模方法预测精度差异明显,PLSR和SVMR的预测结果优于MLR和PCR;不同预处理方法对模型的预测精度亦有较大影响,表现为MSC＞FD＞SG;基于FD和MSC组合预处理的SVMR模型的预测能力最好,R2=0.84,RPD=2.50,满足土壤有机碳的预测。有机质含量大于2%并不是建立优质模型的必要条件。     

Application of Symmetric Galerkin Boundary Element Method in Limit Analysis of Plane Problems

Based on Melan's theorem, the symmetric Galerkin boundary element method (SGBEM) is used to discretize two dimensional structures and a computational formulation of structural limit analysis is established. The self equilibrium stress field is constructed by linear combination of several basic vectors, which are the stress differences between different iteration steps at the same increment using the traditional elastoplastic incremental method. Then the complex method is used to solve the nonlinear programming directly, so that the lower bound load multiplier of two dimensional structures is obtained. The validation of the present method has been confirmed by some numerical examples.     

Support Vector Machines Based on Positive Feedback

Support vector machines based on positive feedback are put forward with the analysis of both advantages and disadvantages of current support vector machines based on Gaussian kernel function(including support vector machines based on K-nearest neighbors) and the essence why support vector machines is capable of describing data sets'distribution characteristics, thus the rigor constraint is overcome that maintains "corresponding parameters ofkernel function support vectors should be equal". The learning algorithm of support vector machines based on positive feedback is given. Simulation experiments of artificialand real data proves that support vector machines based on positive feedback is be obviously superior to current ones in its generation capabilities. Though, only the support vector machines based on positive feedback for pattern recognition is discussed, the idea included in support vector machines based on positive feedback is using kernel functions with different corresponding parameters to construct support vector machines, and is adaptive to other types support vector machines.     

草莓乙烯受体FaEtr2基因的克隆及其反义表达载体的构建

为了构建草莓乙烯受体FaEtr2基因的反义表达载体,在已报道的FaEtr2基因序列的基础上,设计特异引物,克隆草莓乙烯受体FaEtr2基因部分特异序列,将该片段反向插入植物表达载体pBI121的CaMV 35S启动子和NOS终止子之间,构建了反义表达载体pBI121Etr2。通过双酶切鉴定后,导入农杆菌EHA105中,酶切和PCR鉴定表明质粒已导入到农杆菌中。本研究为后期该反义基因转化草莓品种以改良草莓果实耐贮运性打下基础。     

Application of support vector machine in oil consumption prediction model for aviation troops

This paper analyzes the basic principle of support vector machine, determines the sample inputs for oil consumption prediction model of aviation troops. The prediction function for aviation troops oil consumption is constructed, LibSVM Matlab toolbox is used to solve the model, and three indexes are selected to evaluated the prediction results. The oil consumption of one aviation troop is taken as an example. This aviation troops oil consumption prediction model is used to forecast the oil consumption in 2009 based on SVM, and the prediction results are compared with the actual value. It shows the high prediction accuracy, which provides scientific quantitative analytical method for prediction battlefield oil consumption.     

玉米ZmPT6基因的克隆及RNAi表达载体的构建

采用PCR方法分别从玉米郑单958基因组DNA及RNA中克隆了菌根共生磷酸盐转运蛋白基因ZmPT6,序列分析表明,ZmPT6基因全长cDNA 1 665 bp,包括一个长97 bp的内含子;编码554个氨基酸,属于Pht1家族成员,由12个疏水的跨膜结构域组成.并构建了35S启动子驱动的植物正义、反义及RNAi表达载体,为下一步玉米的遗传转化及ZmPT6基因的功能研究奠定了基础.     

香蕉MaSIP2-2基因的克隆、序列分析及表达载体构建

为进一步研究植物中水通道蛋白的表达调控以及作用机制,从香蕉中克隆了一个水通道蛋白(AQP)基因MaSIP2-2,同时运用生物学软件对该基因进行序列分析,并且构建了MaSIP2-2的植物表达载体。序列分析表明,该基因存在一个完整的开放阅读框(ORF)780 bp,编码260个氨基酸。多序列比对和进化树分析表明,MaSIP2-2所编码的蛋白与其他植物中SIP编码的蛋白具有较高的一致性。与马来西亚野生香蕉、油棕、甜橙、海枣、梅、可可、菠萝的AQP编码的氨基酸序列的同源性分别为98%、62%、53%、52%、57%、55%、59%。MaSIP2-2编码的蛋白质分子量为28800.62 Da,理论等电点p I为9.13,其亲水性氨基酸均匀分布在整个肽链中,多于疏水性氨基酸。通过PCR和酶切反应鉴定,成功构建该基因的表达载体。研究结果表明MaSIP2-2是水通道蛋白中小的内在蛋白的一个成员,为后续对其进行功能验证奠定基础。     

含BADH和Bar基因的植物表达载体的构建

采用PCR技术扩增出甜菜碱醛脱氢酶基因BADH,并于上下游引物5’端分别添加Xhol和SacI酶切位点和保护性碱基序列;TA克隆PCR产物至pTA2并进行测序验证;双酶切经过测序验证的重组质粒pTA2-BADH和植物表达载体pBA002,分别回收目的基因和pBA002载体片段,并进行连接转化,提取阳性质粒,然后进行双酶切、PCR扩增和进一步的测序验证。结果表明BADH基因已被完整、正确的插入到pBA002载体中,成功构建了含BADH和Bar基因的植物表达载体,为进一步的植物遗传转化奠定了基础。     

家稗Pdk基因叶片特异性表达载体的构建及农杆菌的导入

【研究目的】构建含家稗Pdk基因的叶片特异性表达载体;【方法】通过PstI和SalI单酶切分别从质粒pRGN及pUCm-Pdk上获得Rubisco小亚基启动子和Pdk基因,将其连入表达载体pCAMBI1301, 并通过冻融法将重组质粒导入根癌农杆菌EHA105;【结果】构建了由Rubisco小亚基启动子调控的Pdk基因植物表达载体p1301-Prbs-Pdk,选择标记基因为Hpt（潮霉素磷酸转移酶基因）,经酶切和PCR鉴定,表达载体已成功导入农杆菌EHA105中;【结论】丙酮酸磷酸双激酶（PPDK）是C4光合途径中的关键光合酶,本实验中构建了含有rbcs启动子的适于单子叶植物转化的Pdk基因表达载体,为提高转基因植物光合效率奠定了基础。     

Cloning of aspergillus niger F246 phytase gene and its a new type of expression vector construction

This research amplified the phytase gene of Aspergillus niger F246 by the polymerase chain reaction(PCR), which is selected and identified by ourselves.Then the product of PCR was inserted respectively into the lactobacillus expression vector pMG36e to construct the new type of expression vector pMG36e-phyA. The genomine DNA of the Aspergillus niger F246 strain is used as the template for PCR,and the PCR product was subcloned into pMD18T. After sequncing the coding region and analying the sequnce of amino acids, the product of PCR was cutted from pMD18T and subcloned into pMG36e for the engineering strain of Lactobacillus MG1363-pMG36e-phyA. The construction of new recombinant expression vector pMG36e-phyA for the phyA gene lays the base of the study on obtaining large and high active phytase and developing the new microbial ecologicalagent.