东方山羊豆牧草在新疆阿勒泰草原试种成功

“菟丝子已经严重危害到阿勒泰地区人工草场主栽牧草———紫花苜蓿的生存。东方山羊豆同属多年生豆科固氮牧草,不染菟丝子,产量高,蛋白质更高,且耐寒,可作为替代牧草。”在阿勒泰地区从事东方山羊豆种子基地建设的自治区畜科院牧草专家张清斌如是说。阿勒泰地区是新疆自治区草原畜牧业大区之一。人工草地建设决定着畜牧业发展的方向、速度和质量。几十年一贯制的紫花苜蓿种植,使全区数万公顷人工草地普遍感染了危害极大的菟丝子。紫花苜蓿连续生长4年以后,产量下降。而东方山羊豆可连续丰产十几年,还可作为高山夏牧场天然草场改良的牧草品…     

低温胁迫下新引1号东方山羊豆抗寒生理特性的研究

<正>新引1号东方山羊豆(Galega orientalis Lam.cv.Xinyin No.1)为豆科(Codariocalyxgyrans)山羊豆属(Galega L.)多年生草本植物,是新疆畜牧科学院从俄罗斯高加索地区和哈萨克斯坦引进的东方山羊豆进行驯化并审定登记的牧草新品种,由于该牧草具有高产优质、粗蛋白质含量高、抗逆性强、适口性好、饲     

东方山羊豆引种研究初报

1999年1月从哈萨克斯坦共和国引进多年生优良豆科牧草东方山羊豆分别在不同地点进行了多点试种，并对其播种密度、播种深度、产草量、单株种子平均产量、营养成分、适口性进行了研究。     

东方山羊豆在俄罗斯的研究和应用

东方山羊豆Galega orientalis是近年来东欧和俄罗斯等国家广泛推广的豆科多年生饲用植物,因饲用价值高、抗逆性强、高产而倍受关注。简要介绍了东方山羊豆的栽培历史、植物学特点、生物学特性、青草和干草产量的形成、高产栽培的主要技术原理、播种方法和播种量与产量、化肥计量施用效果,用东方山羊豆与传统三叶草Trifoliumsp.—猫尾草Phloum pratense混播育肥犊牛,效果提高21.8%。     

东方山羊豆在陇东半干旱雨养农区的引种适应性

东方山羊豆Galega orientalis是近年来东欧和俄罗斯等国家广泛推广的豆科多年生饲用植物,因饲用价值高、抗逆性强、产量高而受到广泛关注.在陇东半干旱雨养农区引种东方山羊豆,5月中旬初花,下旬盛花,6月下旬种子成熟.生长第3年成熟植株自然高度128.87 cm,鲜草产量54 146.7 kg/hm2,干草产量14 286.7 kg/hm2,收获种子211.4 kg/hm2.结果表明,东方山羊豆在当地适应性好,可进行推广栽培.     

优质多年生豆科牧草——东方山羊豆

东方山羊豆(Galega orientulis)系山羊豆属(Galega),是一种饲用价值较高的多年生豆科牧草,具有生长快、抗寒、高产等特点。东方山羊豆源自前苏联高加索亚高山地带,是经过60多年培育而成的新型优质牧草,已在前苏联6个加盟共和国的33个地区栽种,并被引进到加拿大和中欧一些国家。1999年,新疆农业科学院畜牧研究所引种成功。     

俄罗斯中部黑土带的东方山羊豆

<正> 全俄油菜科学研究与实用技术研究所1989～1993年在研究与总结国内外经验的基础上进行了东方山羊豆(Galega orientalisL.)栽培技术试验。这一技术是对中部黑土带农庄提出的,它将大幅度提高畜牧业生产力。 为了消除饲料生产中蛋白质缺乏,在栽培传统豆科牧草的同时,可利用东方山羊豆     

西宁地区新引1号东方山羊豆引种试验

针对青海省豆科牧草短缺的现状,引进优良牧草品种新引1号东方山羊豆(Galega orientalis cv.Xinyin No.1)进行引种栽培研究。结果表明,新引1号东方山羊豆在西宁地区能完成生育周期,可正常结实,生长发育快;干草产量达13 414 kg·hm-2,粗蛋白质含量20.28%,具较高的营养价值;抗寒能力强,越冬率为100%;茎叶比1∶1.58,叶量丰富,适口性好,适应性强,符合引进品种的目标要求,适宜在西宁地区推广种植。     

东方山羊豆——有价值的豆科作物

<正> 东方山羊豆又叫作山羊豆、小芸香、山羊芸香、林地甘草等,属于豆科,是一种有发展前途的饲料作物。该属共有8个种,在苏联自然条件下常见有两种——即东方山羊豆和药用山羊豆。由于该作物以高额产量而著称,因而在饲料耕作中具有很高的价值。例如在非黑钙土地带,每公顷鲜草产量为300～750公担,其中粗蛋白含量为25～27%。植株高度为80～150厘米。     

东方山羊豆4香豆酸:辅酶A连接酶(4CL)基因的克隆和荧光定量表达分析

东方山羊豆(Galega orientalis L.)是20世纪末引种到我国的牧草品种,为发掘其基因资源,本实验克隆出东方山羊豆4 CL基因,并深入研究4 CL基因对东方山羊豆抗逆性的影响,为今后东方山羊豆在我国的种植和应用奠定基础。结果表明:采用RACE技术结合RT-PCR方法从东方山羊豆中获得一个编码4 CL基因的cDNA全长序列,命名为Go4CL。该序列全长1916 bp,开放阅读框1653 bp,编码510个氨基酸。利用Real-Time PCR方法检测发现,Go4CL基因在东方山羊豆的根中表达量最高,叶中表达量最少。在PEG、ABA、MeJA、SA胁迫处理下Go4CL基因的表达量均有不同程度的上调,说明此基因在植物抵御干旱、病菌侵袭和机械损伤等胁迫过程中能够起到调控作用。     

Phase I Clinical Trial and Pharmacokinetics of Intravesical Mitomycin C in Dogs with Localized Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder

Background: Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) is the most common cancer of the urinary tract in dogs. The most frequent cause of death is urinary obstruction from the primary tumor. Standard medical therapy for TCC is only partially effective. Hypothesis/Objectives: Intravesical administration of mitomycin C (MMC) in dogs with invasive TCC will result in antitumor activity against the primary tumor and minimal systemic drug absorption. Animals: Thirteen privately owned dogs with naturally occurring, histopathologically diagnosed TCC of the urinary bladder. Methods: A prospective phase I trial was performed. MMC was given intravesically (600 μg/mL initial concentration) for 1 h/d for 2 consecutive days each month. The MMC concentration was escalated to a maximum of 800 μg/mL in groups of 3 dogs until the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was determined. Serum assays for MMC were performed to determine the extent of systemic absorption of the MMC. Results: The MTD of MMC based on local toxicoses was 700 μg/mL (1‐h dwell time, 2 consecutive days). In addition, 2 dogs had severe myelosuppression and appeared to have systemic absorption of MMC. Five dogs had partial remission, and 7 dogs had stable disease. Conclusions: Intravesical MMC has antitumor activity in dogs with invasive TCC. Further study is needed to determine the cause of the myelosuppression associated with MMC administration, and to develop strategies to minimize this risk.     

A consideration of veld condition assessment techniques for commercial livestock production in South Africa

Abstract

A number of procedures have been developed for the evaluation of veld condition in a variety of vegetation types in South Africa. These include both agronomic and ecologically based methods, about which there still remain a great deal of controversy. However, the urgent need for methods which can be applied in practice has recently prompted the recommendation of specific methods for the vegetation types representative of the major livestock producing areas of South Africa.     

草地群落中不同植物种在物种多样性中作用大小的探究

本研究选取位于陕西省神木市境内的8个草地样地,采用“二值出现次数”野外调查法,得到样方中各植物种的出现次数数据,以此计算群落整体的物种多样性指数值,以及组成群落的各植物种不存在时的物种多样性指数值,利用这两个多样性指数值的差值,探明各植物种在群落整体物种多样性中的作用。研究结果如下：(1)8个草地样地中,对物种多样性作用最大的植物种并非该群落的第1优势种,而是优势地位处于第2～7位的植物种;(2)3个样地中第1位优势种占据了绝对优势,它们降低了群落整体的多样性;(3)物种在多样性中的作用大小整体上呈现单峰型变化趋势,即随着物种优势地位的降低,对数式增加达到最大值,然后指数或线性下降,最终趋近于0。综合显示,不同的草地群落中,在物种多样性中作用最大的不是第1优势种,占绝对优势地位的优势种降低了该群落的物种多样性。     

A comparison of some range condition assessment techniques used in southern African grasslands

Techniques currently used to assess range condition in the grassland biome of southern Africa are reviewed. The methods were used to calculate range condition indices from fire‐climax and climatic‐climax grassland data. These indices were then used to evaluate each method in terms of sensitivity (i.e. the detection of spatio‐temporal differences in index), index interpretation and efficiency, bearing in mind the objectives of each technique. The Weighted Key Species Method and Degradation Gradient Method were found to currently provide the best indices for assessing range condition. Shortcomings of the techniques are recognized and suggestions are made for the application of these methods in different vegetation types.     

Estimating sample size for a small‐quadrat method of botanical survey for application in mixed Bushveld

Abstract

Species density and grass density were measured using a small‐quadrat method in eight plant communities in the Nylsvley Nature Reserve, South Africa. The presence of new species in each additional quadrat was used to calculate sample size. A sample size of 20 quadrats of 0.25 m² per site was found to be sufficient to measure species richness and density, and grass density in most plant communities in Mixed Bushveld. A sample size of approximately 30 quadrats was found to be necessary to survey plant communities with a relatively high species richness.     

福建黄兔开发利用及配套技术研究

福建黄兔是福建省优良地方畜禽品种,2006年已被列入国家级畜禽遗传资源保护名录。福建黄兔具有耐粗饲、繁殖性能好、抗病力强等优点,其野性强,肉质口味好,药用价值高,但因其体型小,生长速度慢,影响了经济效益和保种利用。通过研究养殖配套技术:中草药免疫调节剂的研究应用、高产优质牧草栽培生产技术、福建黄兔的保健功效开发研究、实施“兔-沼-草(果)”工程模式,探索一条提高养兔经济效益,进而促进保种工作的新思路。     

马蹄金野生种与栽培种在自然降温过程中的抗寒性研究

在自然降温过程中,马蹄金Dichondra repens的野生种与栽培种叶片内的可溶性糖、游离脯氨酸的含量、相对电导率发生明显变化.其中,脯氨酸先降低后升高;可溶性糖先上升后下降;相对电导率逐渐升高.在观测的温度范围内,野生马蹄金叶内的游离脯氨酸含量高于栽培种;可溶性糖含量上升幅度远大于栽培种;相对电导率的上升幅度低于栽培种.结果表明:马蹄金的野生种比栽培种耐寒.     

春季草坪害虫群落种类丰富度与多样性研究

研究是 2 0 0 0年 4 6月在董志塬进行的。研究结果证明 :草坪害虫群落种类丰富度和多样性指数分别为 2 0 .514和 4 .0 2 2 ,而当地冬麦麦田的对应指标分别是 11.357和 1.0 2 7。进一步分析了产生这种差异的原因     

Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from Great Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo hanedae) in Japan

Wild birds are recognized as disseminators of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria into the environment. Here, we isolated AMR indicator bacteria from 198 Great Cormorant cloacal swabs collected in Shiga (n=90), Oita (n=52), Gifu (n=29), and Gunma (n=27) Prefectures, Japan, in 2018 and 2019. In total, 198 Aeromonas spp. and 194 Escherichia spp. were isolated, and their antimicrobial susceptibility was examined. Aeromonas spp. were resistant to colistin (8.6%), nalidixic acid (4%), and other antimicrobials (<2%), with 3.0% positivity for mcr-3. Escherichia spp. showed resistance to colistin (3.1%), ampicillin (2.6%), tetracycline (2.1%), and other antimicrobials (<2%). This study shows the presence of AMR bacteria in Great Cormorants, indicating that these birds potentially disseminate AMR bacteria.