Development of a formulation of Pseudomonas fluorescens PfALR2 for management of rice sheath blight

Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates that inhibited growth of Rhizoctonia solani, the rice sheath blight pathogen, were isolated from the rhizosphere of different crops. One of the most effective strains, PfALR2, was developed as an antibiotic resistant strain and a peat-based formulation was developed for this bacterium. The effective dose of a peat formulation was assessed for seed treatment, root treatment, soil application and foliar spraying. All individual treatments controlled the disease effectively. However, a combination of all four treatments resulted in the best sheath blight control in the greenhouse. In field trials, application of the peat-based formulation of PfALR2 effectively controlled the disease, increased yield, and efficacy was comparable to that of the commercially available fungicide, carbendazim.     

大豆根腐病腐霉病原鉴定

大豆根腐病是一种严重危害大豆生产的世界性土传病害。大豆根腐病病原复杂，病原鉴定是防治大豆根腐病的前提和基础。2019-2020年从山东省采集大豆根腐病标样432份，采用常规组织分离法对大豆水渍状的根系进行病原菌的分离和纯化，得到了279株菌株，其中52株菌株为腐霉菌（Pythium）。对这52株菌株通过形态学特征和ITS、CoxII和β-tubulin序列分析等分子生物学手段鉴定出3种腐霉菌，分别为瓜果腐霉Pythium aphanidermatum、终极腐霉Pythium ultimum和林栖腐霉Pythium sylvaticum。这3种腐霉菌的分离频率分别为：瓜果腐霉P. aphanidermatum占50%，终极腐霉P. ultimum占34.62%，林栖腐霉P. sylvaticum占15.38%，其中瓜果腐霉P. aphanidermatum为优势菌株。对这3种腐霉菌进行了致病性测定,发现3种腐霉菌均可侵染大豆，重复出大豆根腐病的症状。林栖腐霉P. sylvaticum作为大豆成株期根腐病的致病菌在国内是首次报道。研究结果为大豆根腐病的抗病育种及其防治提供了科学依据。     

Systemicity and persistence of cymoxanil in mixture with oxadixyl and mancozeb against Phytophthora infestans and Plasmopara viticola

Uptake and translocation of the fungicide cymoxanil was studied using tomato and potato plants infected with Phytophthora infestans and grape plants infected with Plasmopara viticola. Translocation of cymoxanil was mainly translaminar and acropetal from roots and stems to leaves to an extent similar to that of the phenylamide fungicide oxadixyl. Basipetal translocation from upper to lower leaves, as well as lateral movement, was also observed but to a lesser extent. Plant parts that grew after application were protected against P. infestans and P. viticola because of systemic activity up to 7 days by cymoxanil alone and up to 14 days when cymoxanil was used as part of a three-way mixture with oxadixyl and mancozeb. Drench application of cymoxanil and a simultaneous spray application of mancozeb against P. infestans and P. viticola resulted in a significant synergistic interaction. The spray application of the three-way mixture oxadixyl/mancozeb/cymoxanil was more effective against both sensitive and phenylamide-resistant strains of P. infestans and P. viticola than the individual components alone, representing significant levels of synergistic interactions. Synergy ratios were higher for resistant than for sensitive strains of both pathogens.     

浙北稻麦连作区稻田糠稷发生对水稻生长的影响及对除草剂敏感性研究

调研了浙北稻麦连作区稻田糠稷发生及分布状况,并考察了糠稷种子萌发特性和对水稻生长的影响及植株对不同除草剂的敏感性,旨在为有效防治糠稷提供参考。结果表明,糠稷在浙北稻麦连作区直播田发生的相对优势度在0~2.8%、机插田发生的相对优势度在0~3.6%;糠稷种子在光照条件下才能萌发,光照36℃（12 h）/黑暗28℃（12 h）条件下,浓度为1 000 mg/L、500 mg/L的GA3溶液和浓度为0.2%、0.1%的NaOH溶液浸种24 h,糠稷的发芽率超过90%,较清水处理差异显著,说明糠稷种子存在休眠特性;田间糠稷发生密度越高,对水稻株高抑制率和水稻减产量越明显,当糠稷密度达125株/m²时,对水稻株高抑制率达4.17%,水稻减产率达61.42%;低龄或高龄糠稷植株对恶唑酰草胺和敌稗·丁草胺二种除草剂均较为敏感,低龄糠稷植株对五氟磺草胺较为敏感。     

Potential for biological control of Monilinia laxa in peach twigs

The antagonistic effect of four fungi (Aspergillus flavus, Epicoccum nigrum, Penicillium frequentans and Penicillium purpurogenum) against Monilinia laxa on peach twigs was assayed in two field experiments in central Spain in spring and autumn. Results were different in the two periods. In spring, E. nigrum, P. purpurogenum and P. frequentans significantly reduced the success of infection when introduced before inoculation with the pathogen but A. flavus caused only a transient delay in the development of symptoms. However, when inoculation preceded antagonist introduction, only the treatments with P. frequentans resulted in a lasting reduction of symptoms and those with P. purpurogenum merely delayed symptom development. In autumn, only the treatments with E. nigrum resulted in a reduction of M. laxa infection. The potential for practical use of these fungi is discussed.     

苯并噻二唑诱发水稻对稻瘟病抗性中防卫相关酶活性的变化

分析了苯并噻二唑（BTH）诱导水稻对稻瘟病抗性中苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、肉桂醇脱氢酶（CAD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、脂氧合酶（LOX）、β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和几丁酶等活性的变化。结果表明BTH诱导处理亲和性水稻品种第3叶后提高了处理叶及其上位第4叶中CAD、LOX和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶等的活性;经BTH处理的幼苗接种稻瘟菌后,处理叶和其上位叶中CAD、POD、LOX和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶等活性快速增加,且增长幅度均显著大于对照。几丁酶活性在受稻瘟菌侵染后升高,但BTH诱导处理并不能促进其增加;PAL活性在BTH处理及稻瘟菌接种后均无明显变化。这些结果说明,BTH处理能诱导CAD、POD、LOX和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶等活性的增加,而且这些酶活性的升高可能与BTH诱发系统获得抗性的表现有关。     

皇后帝王花种子休眠及解除方法研究

皇后帝王花（Protea magnifica）种子具有休眠性,不经任何处理难以发芽。本研究以皇后帝王花种子为试验材料,通过测定皇后帝王花种子生活力、种子萌发率、种子各部分粗提液对白菜种子发芽的影响,并以不同的方式（短时高温+变温层积、酸蚀处理+变温层积、赤霉素处理+变温层积）处理种子,研究皇后帝王花种子的休眠原因及解除方法。结果表明：试验所用皇后帝王花种子的生活力高达90.00%,但不去除种皮的完整种子30 d内不发芽。种皮粗提液不仅抑制白菜种子的发芽,还显著影响白菜种子的根与地上部分的生长。皇后帝王花种子的休眠可能是种皮的机械障碍和种皮的内源抑制物共同引起的综合休眠。时长为2 min的不同高温（40~120 ℃）处理+变温层积、不同时间（10~ 70 min）的98%浓硫酸酸蚀处理+变温层积、不同浓度（0.3、0.5、0.7 mg/L）的赤霉素溶液处理+变温层积都可以打破种子的休眠,提高皇后帝王花种子发芽率和发芽势。其中各处理分别以60 ℃的短时高温处理、30 min的酸蚀处理、0.7 mg/L的赤霉素溶液处理效果最好。综合比较,30 min的酸蚀处理为解除皇后帝王花种子休眠的最佳方法。此外,赤霉素处理对皇后帝王花种子的休眠解除有着一定的促进作用,但相比其他两种处理方式效果并不理想。     

Superior bio-efficacy of a combined formulation of carbendazim and mancozeb in inducing defense responses in chilli seedlings against Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. in comparison with methyl jasmonate

The objective of this work was to investigate the efficacy of a prepackaged combined formulation, Companion (carbendazim 12% + mancozeb 63% WP), sole application of carbendazim 50% WP, manozeb 75% WP and methyl jasmonate (MeJA), an inducer of systemic acquired resistance on disease severity and their role in post-infectional defense responses in chilli seedlings against Sclerotium rolfsii. Seeds were treated for 8 h with MeJA (2.5 mM and 5.0 mM) and each of fungicides (500 ppm), and were sown in pots containing soil and fungal inocula (95:5 w/w). At 15 days after sowing maximum defense against fungal infection was exhibited by Companion comparably followed by the sole application of carbendazim and mancozeb. MeJA reduced percent mortality of S. rolfsii-infected chilli seedlings significantly as compared to the inoculated control. Assessment of peroxidase (POX) and esterase (EST) at 15 days after sowing revealed the increased activity under inoculated condition. Highest POX activity in MeJA treatments (5 mM > 2.5 mM) was followed by the Companion treatment. Highest EST activity was registered in Companion treatment. The zymogram of POX isozymes showed over-expression of POX 2 and POX 4 isoforms, and induction of POX 1 isoform in inoculated treatments. On the other hand, that of EST isozymes showed induction of EST 1 isoform in Companion, carbendazim and MeJA treatments. All EST isoforms were over-expressed in Companion-treated seedlings. Both fungicides and MeJA showed significant effects on disease severity, induction of defense enzymes and isozyme pattern in S. rolfsii-infected chilli seedlings. Contact and systemic fungicides under the experiment demonstrated differential responses. The combination formulation was superior in disease control to application of the fungicide components individually. They compared favourably with MeJA in induction of defense-related enzyme activities. All these findings are new with respect to the chilli-S. rolfsii host–pathogen interaction system, S. rolfsii representing the sclerotial basidiomycetes in particular.     

17种报春苣苔属植物的组培苗移栽季节研究

探讨不同季节对报春苣苔属植物组培苗移栽成活的影响,为其今后组培苗工厂化、规模化生产提供技术支持。以17种报春苣台属植物的组培生根苗为材料,研究季节对移栽成活的影响,分析不同物种间在同一季节的移栽成活差异以及同一物种在4个不同季节的移栽成活差异。大部分种类在春季移栽具有较高的成活率;成活率最高与最低的种类为三苞报春苣苔和粗茎报春苣苔,成活率分别为100.0%、51.3%;适宜春季移栽的种类是：贵港报春苣苔、硬叶报春苣苔、永福报春苣苔、紫花报春苣苔、三苞报春苣苔、阳朔小花苣苔、褐纹报春苣苔、柳江报春苣苔、尖萼报春苣苔、大根报春苣苔。17个种类在夏季移栽具有较低的成活率;成活率最高与最低的种类为大根报春苣苔和漓江报春苣苔,成活率分别为68.7%、15.3%。在17个种类中,超过一半的种类在秋季、冬季移栽具有较高的成活率。秋季移栽成活率最高为桂海报春苣苔、那坡报春苣苔,均为100.0%,成活率最低为褐纹报春苣苔,为20.0%;适宜秋季移栽的种类是：桂海报春苣苔、粗茎报春苣苔、那坡报春苣苔。冬季移栽以冬花报春苣苔的成活率最高,为100.0%,永福报春苣苔的成活率最低,为32.7%;适宜冬季移栽的种类是：桂中报春苣苔、紫萼报春苣苔、冬花报春苣苔、漓江报春苣苔。17个种类的移栽季节以春季的最好,夏季最差,秋季和冬季介于春季和夏季之间。不同季节不同种类移栽成活率不同,不同种类其适宜移栽的季节不同,应根据季节移栽合适的种类以保证其获得较高的成活率。     

向日葵柄锈菌效应子P2的定位及功能研究

由向日葵柄锈菌（Puccinia helianthi Schw.）引起的向日葵锈病严重威胁着向日葵的安全生产。效应子是一类病原菌侵染过程中分泌的蛋白，促进病原菌侵染或触发寄主免疫。为明确向日葵锈菌效应子P2在锈菌侵染过程中发挥的作用，对该基因序列进行了生物信息学分析；以向日葵锈菌夏孢子cDNA为模板，克隆了P2基因的编码序列，利用qRT-PCR技术分析了该基因在侵染过程中的表达特性；采用农杆菌瞬时表达系统在烟草上验证了P2的毒性功能，并在烟草上瞬时表达对其进行了亚细胞定位。研究结果表明，P2编码58个氨基酸，N端含24氨基酸的信号肽，无核定位信号及跨膜结构域，并在向日葵锈菌侵染早期上调表达。在本氏烟中瞬时表达P2可以抑制BAX诱导的细胞坏死，亚细胞定位结果表明P2定位在细胞膜及细胞核。     

斑兰叶叶部病害病原菌的分离鉴定

斑兰叶作为一种新兴的食品香料备受消费者喜爱,其主要食用部位为叶片,但叶部病害成为影响斑兰叶产业发展的首要制约因素。目前,国内外关于斑兰叶叶部病害的研究鲜有报道,为了对斑兰叶叶部病害开展有针对性的防治工作,本研究通过调查斑兰叶叶部病害发生流行规律,明确叶部病害主要发病时期及病害种类,并对叶部不同病害病原菌进行分离鉴定,为推动斑兰产业发展提供技术支撑。结果表明,斑兰叶叶部病害的发生主要从每年11月中下旬开始到翌年4月结束,对这个时期的不同病害通过病原菌的菌落形态、孢子显微结构观察、真菌通用引物ITS1/ITS4鉴定和致病性测定,采用离体叶片和活体盆栽苗2种方式测定分离的28株菌株的致病性,通过柯赫氏法则验证,最终得到9株致病菌BDC4121、BDC11221、BDC4112、BDC21112、XYS211、LSS112、LSS214、LSS213、LSS221。通过产孢培养基筛选发现致病菌BDC11221在绿豆液体培养基、摇床培养5~7 d产孢,LSS214在PDA培养基28℃下恒温培养30 d左右产孢,BDC4121、BDC4112、XYS211、LSS112、LSS221、LSS213在PDA培养基28℃下恒温培养7~10 d产孢;并结合ITS1/ITS4鉴定和孢子显微结构观察,确定9株致病菌主要分布在篮状菌属（Talaromyces）、镰刀菌属（Fusarium）、炭疽菌属（Colletotrichum）、附球菌属（Epicoccum）、拟盘多毛孢菌属（Pestalotiopsis）、拟茎点霉属（Phomopsis）、链格孢属（Alternaria）及Acrocalymma属。下一步将结合多基因组测序技术对致病菌进行分子鉴定研究。     

BTH诱导橡胶树对白粉病的抗性效果和相关酶活性测定

选用几种抗性诱导剂处理橡胶树古铜期叶片,再接种橡胶树白粉菌,以研究诱导橡胶树对白粉病产生系统性抗性的能力,并测定有效药剂BTH(苯并噻二唑)处理后,诱导间隔期及叶片抗性相关酶活性变化。结果表明,用250 mg/L BTH喷施,5 d后接种白粉病,诱导抗性效果最佳,防效达57.8%。用BTH处理并接种病原菌后,POD和PAL酶活性与对照相比显著升高,可持续到15 d,并且再次施药,酶活性再次上升。这说明BTH可以诱导橡胶树对白粉病产生系统获得抗性。在生产中,橡胶树白粉病发病前,利用BTH诱导抗病性,并结合实际情况使用常规防治,可有效减少橡胶树白粉病的发生和危害。     

Efficacy of biocontrol agents in planting mixes to colonize plant roots and control root diseases of vegetables and citrus

Tomato, bell pepper, celery and citrus were propagated in planting mixes amended with formulations of commercial biocontrol agents. Root colonization by selected biocontrol agents was evaluated for pepper, tomato and citrus, and found to be generally between 76 to 100% in both greenhouse ebb and flow, and bench-produced plants. Only colonization by Glomus intraradices was low, about 8%. All biological control agents, Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus subtilis, G. intraradices, Gliocladium virens, and Streptomyces griseovirdis reduced crown rot of tomato in the field, with T. harzianum and B. subtilis being the most effective uniformly among four tests. Four biocontrols reduced Phytophthora root rot on citrus in the field, two applied as a drench to soil in pots reduced Thielaviopsis root rot on citrus, and two biocontrol agents in combination reduced celery root rot caused by Pythium and Fusarium spp., however, none improved above-ground plant growth or health of citrus and celery. Pepper crown and root rot caused by P. capsici was reduced by B. subtilis in one of two tests.     

New sources of resistance to Phytophthora megakarya identified in wild cocoa tree populations of French Guiana

Cocoa black pod rot, a disease caused by oomycetes of the genus Phytophthora, causes substantial yield losses throughout the world, particularly in Africa with the very aggressive species Phytophthora megakarya. In order to reduce the impact of that pathogen, priority is given to genetic control through more resistant cultivars, and breeders are seeking sources of resistance in wild cocoa trees. Wild cocoa trees were surveyed in French Guiana between 1985 and 1995, leading to the collection of abundant plant material from more than 200 mother trees originating from five river basins. We present here the results of tests to assess resistance to the species P. megakarya (a species only existing in Africa), conducted at CIRAD in Montpellier, France, on circa 40 genotypes collected in the Camopi river basin, along with approximately 20 genotypes from other populations (Kérindioutou, Borne 7, Euleupousing, Pina and Oyapok). The strain used for artificial inoculation was NS269, isolated in Cameroon. Seven cacao clones were classified as “highly resistant” and 29 as “resistant”, some of which displayed greater resistance to P. megakarya than the reference resistant clone IMC 47. This study suggests that the wild material from French Guiana could play a significant role in controlling P. megakarya in Africa and also Phytophthora palmivora in all cocoa-producing zones.     

Glasshouse and field evaluation of fungicides for the control of Septoria apiicola on celery

Propiconazole was more effective than either triadimenol or hexaconazole when applied after infection, for the control of Septoria apiicola on celery seedlings. In three out of four glasshouse experiments, 25 mg propiconazole I⁻¹ controlled S. apiicola completely when applied within 3 days after inoculation. Propiconazole and triadimenol at 5–15 mg l⁻¹ were also effective when applied 2 days after inoculation. Soil applications of a granular formulation of triadimenol (up to 20 mg per plant) controlled S. apiicola for 5 weeks on celery seedlings grown in pots and, in the field, granules at 100 mg per plant applied at planting were effective for 6 weeks. In two other field experiments the most effective treatments were foliar sprays of 25 mg propiconazole l⁻¹ applied every 7–10 days with or without the addition of anilazine or chlorothalonil.     

Control of chickpea blight disease caused by Didymella rabiei by mixing resistance inducer and contact fungicide

Elicitors of systemic acquired resistance are well known to reduce severity of several plant pathogenic diseases caused by fungi, bacteria and viruses. Their field applications for management of plant diseases are, however, limited because of yield penalties. Our studies on affect of Benzo (1,2,3)-thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester (BTH), an elicitor of systemic acquired resistance, on chickpea blight caused by a fungal pathogen Didymella rabiei showed that multiple foliar applications of the chemical were effective in management of the disease under economic threshold levels. Multiple applications, however, affected chickpea grain yield adversely. The BTH induced yield penalties could be prevented by foliar spray schedule comprised of BTH and a contact fungicide mancozeb. One spray of BTH (50 ppm) followed by another of mancozeb (0.2%) was less effective (8.3% severity) than three sprays of BTH (4.2% severity) in blight control, however, this treatment enhanced grain yield significantly (1.241 t ha⁻¹) over three sprays of BTH (0.922 t ha⁻¹).     

Field tests of Trichoderma harzianum Rifai aggr. as a biocontrol agent of seedling disease in several crops and Rhizoctonia root rot of sugar beet

In field studies, mean stands of crops of snapbean, field corn, pea, soybean, and squash in New York were somewhat greater from seeds treated with conidia of Trichoderma harzianum applied in a Methocel slurry than from non-treated controls; however, stands were generally poorer than those from captan-treated seed. The biocontrol agent and captan had little effect on kidney bean and sweet corn since these crops are only slightly susceptible to seedling disease caused by Pythium spp. which were present in the field. In Colorado fields also infested with Pythium spp., stands of sugar beet from T. harzianum-treated seed (Pelgel slurry) tended to be greater than those from non-treated seed and equal to those from maneb-treated seed, but differences were not significant. In Colorado, Rhizoctonia solani, cause of root rot, was also present in the soil. A combined analysis of variance of treatments across 2 years showed that a preplanting-incorporated in-row application of T. harzianum in a wheat-bran carrier or a maneb seed treatment slightly, but significantly, reduced the severity of Rhizoctonia root rot in sugar beet as compared with the non-treated control. Seed treatments with T. harzianum had little or no effect. In plots where the agent was applied to the soil, numbers of Trichoderma propagules increased 600-fold by harvest; where maneb seed treatment was used, they increased only fivefold. Densities of the agent remained the same or decreased in plots where Trichoderma was used as a seed treatment.     

Effects of fungicides on eyespot, caused predominantly by Oculimacula acuformis, and yield of early-drilled winter wheat

The effectiveness against eyespot of nine fungicide treatments, applied at GS 31, was evaluated in early-drilled winter wheat crops. Visual assessments of stem-base diseases were made before fungicide application and at GS 39/55 and 69/70 of cultivars Consort, Savannah and Claire. Competitive PCR was used to quantify Oculimacula acuformis, O. yallundae, Microdochium nivale, Fusarium spp. and Rhizoctonia cerealis. PCR results indicated that O. acuformis was the predominant pathogen causing eyespot in all three crops. Treatments containing cyprodinil were most successful in reducing disease index and DNA of O. acuformis across cultivars. Treatments containing prochloraz were less consistent in eyespot control, significantly reducing the DNA of O. acuformis only in one instance at GS 70 of cultivar Claire. None of the fungicide treatments had any significant effect on brown foot rot or sharp eyespot, or DNA of M. nivale or R. cerealis. The potential for O. acuformis to cause yield loss was indicated by significant negative relationships between yield and eyespot incidence or DNA of O. acuformis at GS 69/70 for each wheat crop. Relationships between DNA of O. acuformis and eyespot incidence or severity at each growth stage were weak but generally improved at the later growth stages of the crops when disease symptoms were easily distinguished. Both molecular methods and visual assessment failed to predict eyespot incidence or pathogen DNA late in season using incidence or DNA of O. acuformis at GS 31. PCR assays, however, accurately identified the stem base pathogens at early growth stages of the crops when the symptoms of their respective diseases were not readily diagnosed.     

小麦黑胚病对种子发芽和出苗等生长因子的影响

为了解小麦黑胚病对种子发芽及出苗的影响,室内测定了2006年黑胚病发生严重的小麦品种漯麦4号的健康籽粒和发病籽粒的发芽势、发芽率、幼芽鲜重、出苗率以及三叶期的苗长、苗鲜重、根长、根鲜重.结果表明,小麦发生黑胚病后,病粒导致发芽势、发芽率、幼芽鲜重、出苗率、苗高、苗鲜重、根长、根鲜重降低,尤其是发芽势、发芽率明显降低,各病级处理间差异显著,种子病级与上述生长因子呈负相关.小麦黑胚病对小麦种质有较大的影响,尤其是重病粒.     

采后褪黑素处理对余甘子果实品质和耐贮性的影响

余甘子（Phyllanthus emblica L.）是联合国卫生组织指定的全世界推广种植的3种保健植物之一,在中国也被列为药食两用的水果,具有营养丰富,保健价值突出的特点。然而采后余甘子果实易发生失水皱缩、腐烂变质等问题,极大地影响了其商品价值。褪黑素（melatonin）是一种小分子吲哚胺类物质,在动植物体内广泛存在,其在植物中可有效清除自由基,在植物的抗逆抗病中也具有重要的调控作用。采用适宜浓度的褪黑素处理果蔬可以起到较好的保鲜作用,有效延缓果蔬腐败变质,提高采后耐贮性。为提高余甘子果实采收后的耐贮性,以‘蓝丰’余甘子果实为试材,探究采后褪黑素处理对于常温下贮藏的余甘子果实品质和耐贮性的影响。将挑选出的无机械损伤及病虫害,大小和色泽相近的余甘子果实,随机平均分为2组,处理组余甘子用0.3 mmol/L褪黑素溶液浸泡处理20 min,空白对照组则用去离子水浸泡20 min,取出晾干1 h后用聚乙烯薄膜袋包装,而后置于温度为(25±1)℃、在相对湿度85%~90%的恒温箱中贮藏,每3 d取样测定果实的商品率、感病指数、呼吸强度等品质和耐贮性相关指标。试验结果表明,采后褪黑素处理使余甘子果实在贮藏末期的商品率提高22%,显著降低了余甘子果实的感病指数、呼吸速率和失重率;且经褪黑素处理的余甘子果实可溶性固形物、可滴定酸度和维生素C的含量均高于对照组,余甘子表皮颜色和果肉质地的劣化也比对照缓慢。褪黑素处理有利于延缓采后余甘子病害的发生和提高果实品质及耐贮性。本研究为褪黑素在余甘子果实采后贮藏保鲜应用提供理论依据,丰富了褪黑素应用于果蔬保鲜的理论基础。